Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Sturla Þórðarson, Hrafnsmál 18’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 743.
(not checked:)
2. hlaða (verb): heap, pile
(not checked:)
hugprúðr (adj.): proud
(not checked:)
1. hringr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ar): ring; sword
(not checked:)
1. brynja (noun f.; °-u (dat. brynnoni Gibb 38⁹); -ur): mailcoat < brynþing (noun n.): byrnie-assembly
(not checked:)
þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly < brynþing (noun n.): byrnie-assembly
(not checked:)
várr (pron.; °f. ór/vár; pl. órir/várir): our
(not checked:)
2. vegr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -): honour < vegstórr (adj.)
[3, 4] vegstórum baug-Nirði (m. dat. sg.) ‘the honourable ring-Njǫrðr <god> [MAN = Perus]’: So 8, Flat. Vegstórir baug-Nirðir (m. nom. pl.; so F), is ungrammatical because this kenning is not the subject of the cl. For this kenning, see also ÞTref Hrafn 1/7V (variant reading).
(not checked:)
stórr (adj.): large, great < vegstórr (adj.)
[3] ‑stórum: so 8, Flat, ‑stórir F
[3, 4] vegstórum baug-Nirði (m. dat. sg.) ‘the honourable ring-Njǫrðr <god> [MAN = Perus]’: So 8, Flat. Vegstórir baug-Nirðir (m. nom. pl.; so F), is ungrammatical because this kenning is not the subject of the cl. For this kenning, see also ÞTref Hrafn 1/7V (variant reading).
(not checked:)
virðr (noun m.): man
(not checked:)
baugr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): ring < baugnjǫrðr (noun m.)
[3, 4] vegstórum baug-Nirði (m. dat. sg.) ‘the honourable ring-Njǫrðr <god> [MAN = Perus]’: So 8, Flat. Vegstórir baug-Nirðir (m. nom. pl.; so F), is ungrammatical because this kenning is not the subject of the cl. For this kenning, see also ÞTref Hrafn 1/7V (variant reading).
(not checked:)
Njǫrðr (noun m.): Njǫrðr < baugnjǫrðr (noun m.)
[4] Nirði: so 8, Flat, nirðir F
[3, 4] vegstórum baug-Nirði (m. dat. sg.) ‘the honourable ring-Njǫrðr <god> [MAN = Perus]’: So 8, Flat. Vegstórir baug-Nirðir (m. nom. pl.; so F), is ungrammatical because this kenning is not the subject of the cl. For this kenning, see also ÞTref Hrafn 1/7V (variant reading).
(not checked:)
fylla (verb): fill
(not checked:)
fjǫr (noun n.): life < fjǫrseldr (adj.)
[5] fjör‑: so Flat, so Flat, fjöl‑ F, 8
[5] fjörseldum ‘lifeless’: Lit. ‘life-sold’. Hap. leg.
(not checked:)
4. selja (verb): hand over, sell, give < fjǫrseldr (adj.)
[5] fjörseldum ‘lifeless’: Lit. ‘life-sold’. Hap. leg.
(not checked:)
frammi (adv.): forth
[6] frammi ‘in the vanguard’: I.e. ‘ahead [of the Norw. ranks]’ (so Konráð Gíslason 1895-7, I, 103; NN §1362). Perus was killed among his own men by Andrés, who had penetrated the ranks of the Scots. Skj B takes the adv. with the second cl. and translates it as ‘in the future’ (i fremtiden). However, frammi is otherwise not attested with a temporal meaning (see Fritzner: frammi). The adv. is awkward and appears to be a metrical filler.
(not checked:)
1. valr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ir): corpse, the slain < valgammr (noun m.): corpse-buzzard
(not checked:)
gammr (noun m.): vulture < valgammr (noun m.): corpse-buzzard
(not checked:)
2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
(not checked:)
munu (verb): will, must
(not checked:)
1. hringr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ar): ring; sword < hringþverrir (noun m.): [ring-diminisher]
(not checked:)
þverrir (noun m.): diminisher < hringþverrir (noun m.): [ring-diminisher]
(not checked:)
hefna (verb): avenge
(not checked:)
1. auðr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-): wealth < auðstefnir (noun m.): [wealth-dispenser]
(not checked:)
stefnir (noun m.): commander < auðstefnir (noun m.): [wealth-dispenser]
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The next morning, Hákon and a contingent of Norwegians went ashore and were surprised by a large Scottish army. Hákon was sent back to the ships, and the remaining Norwegians engaged in battle. Many fell, but a Scottish knight, Perus (so Flat, 8; ‘Ferus’ F), was killed by Andrés Nikulásson.
This was the battle of Largs, fought on 2 October 1263. That battle ended in Norw. defeat and marked the end of Hákon’s activities in Scotland.
Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.
The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.
This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.
This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.