Anon Leið 41VII
Katrina Attwood (ed.) 2007, ‘Anonymous Poems, Leiðarvísan 41’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 175.
Haldi ‘keep’
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halda (verb): hold, keep
oss ‘us’
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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
frá ‘from’
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frá (prep.): from
eldi ‘fire’
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eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
eilífr ‘the eternal’
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eilífr (adj.): eternal
kennings
Eilífr deilir skapa,‘May the eternal ruler of fates, ’
= God
May the eternal ruler of fates, → God
skapa ‘of fates’
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1. skap (noun n.; °-s; *-): mind, fate
kennings
Eilífr deilir skapa,‘May the eternal ruler of fates, ’
= God
May the eternal ruler of fates, → God
deilir ‘ruler’
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deilir (noun m.): ruler, ordainer
kennings
Eilífr deilir skapa,‘May the eternal ruler of fates, ’
= God
May the eternal ruler of fates, → God
Kristr ‘Christ’
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Kristr (noun m.; °-s/-, dat. -i; -ar): Christ
styrkr ‘powerful’
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2. styrkr (adj.): powerful, strong
notes
[3] styrkr ‘strong, powerful’: The ms. reading has been retained here, although it disturbs the alliteration, which requires a word beginning with <m>. Sveinbjörn Egilsson, acknowledging Jón Sigurðsson’s suggestion (in a n. to 444(2)ˣ), and Kock (NN §1270) independently suggested that the word should be merkir, 3rd pers. sg. pres. indic. of merkja in the sense ‘to set a value on’. They take Kristr ‘Christ’ (l. 3) to be the subject and menn the object in an intercalary cl. Kristr merkir menn ‘Christ values men’. Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) omits the word altogether, marking the space with dots.
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
myrkrum ‘darkness’
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1. myrkr (noun n.; °myrkrs/myrks; -): darkness
menn ‘men’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
es ‘when’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
heim ‘world’
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heimr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): home, abode; world
notes
[4, 6] heim ‘[this] world, place of abode’, heim (adv.) ‘home, homewards’: The poet plays on the similarity between these two words and the disparity between the first, which refers to the temporal world, and the second, which holds out the prospect of heavenly bliss.
líðr ‘passes away’
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1. líða (verb): move, glide
svát ‘so that’
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svát (conj.): so that, so as
ǫll ‘all’
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allr (adj.): all
notes
[5] ǫll ‘all’: The poet’s use of the n. pl. form of the adj. allows for the possibility that women as well as men may go to heaven.
í ‘into’
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í (prep.): in, into
frið ‘peace’
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friðr (noun m.): peace
fullan ‘complete’
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2. fullr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): full, complete
farim ‘go’
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fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel
heim ‘home’
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heim (adv.): home, back
notes
[4, 6] heim ‘[this] world, place of abode’, heim (adv.) ‘home, homewards’: The poet plays on the similarity between these two words and the disparity between the first, which refers to the temporal world, and the second, which holds out the prospect of heavenly bliss.
es ‘when’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
skilr ‘divides’
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1. skilja (verb): separate, understand
beima ‘men’
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beimi (noun m.; °; -ar): man
alls ‘of all’
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allr (adj.): all
kennings
stýrandi alls‘the steerer of all ’
= God
the steerer of all → God
notes
[7] stýrandi alls ‘steerer of all [= God]’: Sveinbjörn Egilsson’s correction (note to 444(2)ˣ) is adopted by all subsequent eds. Cf. the kenning stýrandi hallar heims ‘steerer of the hall of the world [SKY/HEAVEN > = God]’ in 21/3-4. Alls stýrandi is used in Mark Eirdr 29/2II.
stýrandi ‘the steerer’
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stýrandi (noun m.; °-a; -endr): ruler, steerer
[7] stýrandi: stýranda B, 399a‑bˣ
kennings
stýrandi alls‘the steerer of all ’
= God
the steerer of all → God
notes
[7] stýrandi alls ‘steerer of all [= God]’: Sveinbjörn Egilsson’s correction (note to 444(2)ˣ) is adopted by all subsequent eds. Cf. the kenning stýrandi hallar heims ‘steerer of the hall of the world [SKY/HEAVEN > = God]’ in 21/3-4. Alls stýrandi is used in Mark Eirdr 29/2II.
órum ‘our’
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várr (pron.; °f. ór/vár; pl. órir/várir): our
ótta ‘fear’
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ótti (noun m.; °-a): fear < óttalauss (adj.): fearless
laus ‘lessly’
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lauss (adj.; °compar. lausari): loose, free, without < óttalauss (adj.): fearless
með ‘with’
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með (prep.): with
dróttni ‘Lord’
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dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master
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