Sturl Hákkv 16II
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Sturla Þórðarson, Hákonarkviða 16’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 711-12.
Ok ‘And’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
inndrótt ‘the retinue’
(not checked:)
inndrótt (noun f.): retinue
elda ‘the fires’
(not checked:)
eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
kennings
elda böðvar-Týs‘the fires of the battle-Týr ’
= SPEARS
the battle-Týr → Óðinn
the fires of ÓÐINN → SPEARS
kyndi ‘kindled’
(not checked:)
kynda (verb): kindle
böðvar ‘of the battle’
(not checked:)
bǫð (noun f.; °-s; -): battle < bǫðvartýr (noun m.)
[3] böðvar‑: ‘bauðnar’ 42ˣ
kennings
elda böðvar-Týs‘the fires of the battle-Týr ’
= SPEARS
the battle-Týr → Óðinn
the fires of ÓÐINN → SPEARS
böðvar ‘of the battle’
(not checked:)
bǫð (noun f.; °-s; -): battle < bǫðvartýr (noun m.)
[3] böðvar‑: ‘bauðnar’ 42ˣ
kennings
elda böðvar-Týs‘the fires of the battle-Týr ’
= SPEARS
the battle-Týr → Óðinn
the fires of ÓÐINN → SPEARS
kennings
elda böðvar-Týs‘the fires of the battle-Týr ’
= SPEARS
the battle-Týr → Óðinn
the fires of ÓÐINN → SPEARS
kennings
elda böðvar-Týs‘the fires of the battle-Týr ’
= SPEARS
the battle-Týr → Óðinn
the fires of ÓÐINN → SPEARS
við ‘against’
(not checked:)
2. við (prep.): with, against
baug* ‘the ring’
(not checked:)
baugr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): ring < baugrennir (noun m.)
[4] baug*‑: bauga all
kennings
baug*renni,‘the ring-advancer, ’
= GENEROUS MAN = Skúli
the ring-advancer, → GENEROUS MAN = Skúli
notes
[4] baug*renni ‘the ring-advancer [GENEROUS MAN]’: I.e. Skúli. Bauga renni ‘the advancer of rings’ (so F, 42ˣ, 81a, Flat) renders the l. hypermetrical. The scribe of E attempted to rectify this by omitting the i-ending on the base-word.
renni ‘advancer’
(not checked:)
rennir (noun m.): impeller < baugrennir (noun m.)
[4] ‑renni: so all others, renn E
kennings
baug*renni,‘the ring-advancer, ’
= GENEROUS MAN = Skúli
the ring-advancer, → GENEROUS MAN = Skúli
notes
[4] baug*renni ‘the ring-advancer [GENEROUS MAN]’: I.e. Skúli. Bauga renni ‘the advancer of rings’ (so F, 42ˣ, 81a, Flat) renders the l. hypermetrical. The scribe of E attempted to rectify this by omitting the i-ending on the base-word.
svát ‘so that’
(not checked:)
svát (conj.): so that, so as
egg ‘of blade’
(not checked:)
1. egg (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -ju/-): edge, blade < eggfár (noun n.)
[5] egg‑: eik‑ 42ˣ
kennings
eisur eggfárs‘the flames of blade-wrath ’
= SPEARS
blade-wrath → BATTLE
the flames of the BATTLE → SPEARS
egg ‘of blade’
(not checked:)
1. egg (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -ju/-): edge, blade < eggfár (noun n.)
[5] egg‑: eik‑ 42ˣ
kennings
eisur eggfárs‘the flames of blade-wrath ’
= SPEARS
blade-wrath → BATTLE
the flames of the BATTLE → SPEARS
fárs ‘wrath’
(not checked:)
2. fár (noun n.; °-s): harm, danger < eggfár (noun n.)
[5] ‑fárs: ‘fꜳíns’ Flat
kennings
eisur eggfárs‘the flames of blade-wrath ’
= SPEARS
blade-wrath → BATTLE
the flames of the BATTLE → SPEARS
fárs ‘wrath’
(not checked:)
2. fár (noun n.; °-s): harm, danger < eggfár (noun n.)
[5] ‑fárs: ‘fꜳíns’ Flat
kennings
eisur eggfárs‘the flames of blade-wrath ’
= SPEARS
blade-wrath → BATTLE
the flames of the BATTLE → SPEARS
kennings
eisur eggfárs‘the flames of blade-wrath ’
= SPEARS
blade-wrath → BATTLE
the flames of the BATTLE → SPEARS
stukku ‘rushed’
(not checked:)
1. støkkva (verb): (str.) leap, spring; scatter
of ‘over’
(not checked:)
3. of (prep.): around, from; too
il ‘of the footsole’
(not checked:)
il (noun f.; °; -jar): footsole < ilflet (noun n.)
kennings
Aurnis spjalla ilflet.‘footsole-floors of Aurnir’s confidant’
= SHIELDS
Aurnir’s confidant. → GIANT
the floors of the footsole of the GIANT → SHIELDS
flet ‘the floors’
(not checked:)
flet (noun n.): platform, floor < ilflet (noun n.)
[7] ‑flet: so all others, ‘‑væt’ E
kennings
Aurnis spjalla ilflet.‘footsole-floors of Aurnir’s confidant’
= SHIELDS
Aurnir’s confidant. → GIANT
the floors of the footsole of the GIANT → SHIELDS
Aurnis ‘of Aurnir’s’
(not checked:)
Aurnir (noun m.): Aurnir
kennings
Aurnis spjalla ilflet.‘footsole-floors of Aurnir’s confidant’
= SHIELDS
Aurnir’s confidant. → GIANT
the floors of the footsole of the GIANT → SHIELDS
Aurnis ‘of Aurnir’s’
(not checked:)
Aurnir (noun m.): Aurnir
kennings
Aurnis spjalla ilflet.‘footsole-floors of Aurnir’s confidant’
= SHIELDS
Aurnir’s confidant. → GIANT
the floors of the footsole of the GIANT → SHIELDS
spjalla ‘confidant’
(not checked:)
spjalli (noun m.): confidant
kennings
Aurnis spjalla ilflet.‘footsole-floors of Aurnir’s confidant’
= SHIELDS
Aurnir’s confidant. → GIANT
the floors of the footsole of the GIANT → SHIELDS
spjalla ‘confidant’
(not checked:)
spjalli (noun m.): confidant
kennings
Aurnis spjalla ilflet.‘footsole-floors of Aurnir’s confidant’
= SHIELDS
Aurnir’s confidant. → GIANT
the floors of the footsole of the GIANT → SHIELDS
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Ok inndrótt |
And the retinue kindled the fires of the battle-Týr <god> [= Óðinn > SPEARS] against the ring-advancer [GENEROUS MAN = Skúli], so that the flames of blade-wrath [BATTLE > SPEARS] rushed over the floors of the footsole of Aurnir’s <giant’s> confidant [(lit. ‘footsole-floors of Aurnir’s confidant’) GIANT > SHIELDS].
Skúli’s men took their stand in the churchyard of Hallvardskirken where there was an ample supply of rocks. They were hard pressed by Hákon’s army but defended themselves by throwing stones and spears and by shooting arrows.
The weapon-kennings in this st. (‘the fires of the battle-Týr’, ll. 2, 3; ‘the flames of blade-wrath’, ll. 5-6) are all treated as kennings for ‘swords’ in Skj B and LP. However, the prose explicitly mentions that the battle at this point was not a man-to-man combat; rather, the men in the churchyard defended themselves by throwing and shooting. Because words denoting ‘fire’ can also serve as base-words in kennings for ‘spears’ (see Meissner 145-6), that interpretation has been chosen in the present edn.
Stanza/chapter/text segment
Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.
Information tab
- text: if the stanza has been published, the edited text of the stanza and translation are here; if it hasn't been published an old edition (usually Skj) is given for reference
- sources: a list of the manuscripts or inscriptions containing this stanza, with page and line references and links (eye button) to images where available, and transcription where available
- readings: a list of variant manuscript readings of words in the main text
- editions and texts: a list of editions of the stanza with links to the bibliography; and a list of prose works in which the stanza occurs, allowing you to navigate within the prose context
- notes and context: notes not linked to individual words are given here, along with the account of the prose context for the stanza, where relevant
Interactive tab
The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.
Full text tab
This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.
Chapter/text segment
This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.