Stúfr Stúfdr 2II
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Stúfr inn blindi Þórðarson kattar, Stúfsdrápa 2’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 352-3.
Fór ‘set out’
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fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel
ofrhugi ‘reckless one’
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ofrhugi (noun m.): recklessness
[1] ofrhugi inn: so Kˣ, 39, F, E, J2ˣ, ofrhuginn Mork, H, Hr, ‘ofrhugrinn’ Flat, ‘ofruginn’ FskBˣ, ‘ofrughin’ FskAˣ
inn ‘The’
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2. inn (art.): the
[1] ofrhugi inn: so Kˣ, 39, F, E, J2ˣ, ofrhuginn Mork, H, Hr, ‘ofrhugrinn’ Flat, ‘ofruginn’ FskBˣ, ‘ofrughin’ FskAˣ
notes
[1] inn øfri ‘the very’: Lit. ‘the higher’. This comp. adj. is used in a figurative sense (‘the one who has the upper hand’).
øfri ‘very’
[1] øfri: ‘yfrín’ Hr
notes
[1] inn øfri ‘the very’: Lit. ‘the higher’. This comp. adj. is used in a figurative sense (‘the one who has the upper hand’).
eggdjarfr ‘sword-daring’
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eggdjarfr (adj.): edge-daring
und ‘’
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3. und (prep.): under, underneath
sik ‘’
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sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)
leggja ‘to subjugate’
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leggja (verb): put, lay
víga ‘of combats’
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víg (noun n.; °-s; -): battle
kennings
valdi víga.‘to the controller of combats. ’
= WARRIOR
to the controller of combats. → WARRIOR
kennings
valdi víga.‘to the controller of combats. ’
= WARRIOR
to the controller of combats. → WARRIOR
Jór ‘Jerusalem’
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Jór- ((prefix)): [Jerusalem] < Jórsalr (noun m.): Jerusalem
sali ‘’
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1. salr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; dat. sǫlum): hall < Jórsalr (noun m.): Jerusalem
[4] ‑sali: ‑sala Flat, FskBˣ
notes
[4] ór Girkjum ‘from the Greeks’: I.e. from the terroritory of the Greeks. This prepositional phrase can also have the meaning ‘from Greece’ (see NN §880 and the examples given there), but the literal translation has been retained here because ‘Greece’ may evoke the concept of present-day Greece’s geographical boundaries. Ok Girkjum (or: ok Grikkjum) ‘and the Greeks’ (so H, Hr, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, F, E), which has been adopted in Skj B, gives fold vas virk víga valdi ok Girkjum ‘the country was submissive to the controller of combats and to the Greeks’ (ll. 3-4), but forces an awkward tripartite l. For the variant forms Grik-, Girk-, see ANG §§279.1, 315.
Girkjum ‘the Greeks’
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1. Girkr (noun m.): Greek
[4] Girkjum: grikkjum Flat, H, E, J2ˣ, girki F
notes
[4] ór Girkjum ‘from the Greeks’: I.e. from the terroritory of the Greeks. This prepositional phrase can also have the meaning ‘from Greece’ (see NN §880 and the examples given there), but the literal translation has been retained here because ‘Greece’ may evoke the concept of present-day Greece’s geographical boundaries. Ok Girkjum (or: ok Grikkjum) ‘and the Greeks’ (so H, Hr, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, F, E), which has been adopted in Skj B, gives fold vas virk víga valdi ok Girkjum ‘the country was submissive to the controller of combats and to the Greeks’ (ll. 3-4), but forces an awkward tripartite l. For the variant forms Grik-, Girk-, see ANG §§279.1, 315.
Ok ‘And’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
með ‘because of’
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með (prep.): with
œrnu ‘abundant’
[5] œrnu: einu F
ríki ‘force’
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ríki (noun n.; °-s; -): kingdom, power
óbrunnin ‘unburned’
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óbrunninn (adj./verb p.p.): [unburned]
[6] óbrunnin: ór brunnan Flat, óbrunnit Hr
kom ‘as his due’
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koma (verb; kem, kom/kvam, kominn): come
gunnar ‘of battle’
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gunnr (noun f.): battle
kennings
herði gunnar.‘the strengthener of battle. ’
= WARRIOR
the strengthener of battle. → WARRIOR
heimil ‘the land’
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heimili (noun n.; °-s; -): [land, home]
[7] heimil: ‘hennis’ Flat, heimul H
jǫrð ‘was delivered’
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jǫrð (noun f.; °jarðar, dat. -u; jarðir/jarðar(DN I (1367) 304)): ground, earth
und ‘to’
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3. und (prep.): under, underneath
kennings
herði gunnar.‘the strengthener of battle. ’
= WARRIOR
the strengthener of battle. → WARRIOR
Hafi ‘have’
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hafa (verb): have
[8] Hafi ríks þars vel líkar: so Kˣ, 39, F, J2ˣ, Haralds ǫnd ofarr lǫndum Mork, H, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, Haralds kund ofra lǫndum Flat, hefir ríks þat líkat Hr, hafi ríks þess vel líkat E
ríks ‘the powerful’
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ríkr (adj.): mighty, powerful, rich
[8] Hafi ríks þars vel líkar: so Kˣ, 39, F, J2ˣ, Haralds ǫnd ofarr lǫndum Mork, H, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, Haralds kund ofra lǫndum Flat, hefir ríks þat líkat Hr, hafi ríks þess vel líkat E
þars ‘where it is’
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þars (conj.): where
[8] Hafi ríks þars vel líkar: so Kˣ, 39, F, J2ˣ, Haralds ǫnd ofarr lǫndum Mork, H, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, Haralds kund ofra lǫndum Flat, hefir ríks þat líkat Hr, hafi ríks þess vel líkat E
vel ‘good’
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vel (adv.): well, very
[8] Hafi ríks þars vel líkar: so Kˣ, 39, F, J2ˣ, Haralds ǫnd ofarr lǫndum Mork, H, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, Haralds kund ofra lǫndum Flat, hefir ríks þat líkat Hr, hafi ríks þess vel líkat E
líkar ‘to be’
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4. líka (verb): please
[8] Hafi ríks þars vel líkar: so Kˣ, 39, F, J2ˣ, Haralds ǫnd ofarr lǫndum Mork, H, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, Haralds kund ofra lǫndum Flat, hefir ríks þat líkat Hr, hafi ríks þess vel líkat E
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
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Fór ofrhugi inn øfri |
The very reckless one set out, sword-daring, from the Greeks to subjugate Jerusalem; the country was submissive to the controller of combats [WARRIOR]. And because of his abundant force the land was delivered as his due, unburned, to the strengthener of battle [WARRIOR]. May the powerful have, where it is good to be….
Haraldr set out with his army from Byzantium for Palestine, where all strongholds and castles surrendered peacefully to him.
Haraldr’s journey to Palestine, which must have taken place prior to his campaigns in Sicily (c. 1036?), appears to have been a peaceful excursion, and Stúfr’s claims have been seen as exaggerated (see ÍF 28, 84 n. 2; Sigfús Blöndal 1978, 63-5; Jesch 2001a, 101). — [8]: This l., which in the Fsk and Mork versions is rendered as Haralds ǫnd ofarr lǫndum ‘Haraldr’s spirit above the lands’ is a part of a klofastef ‘split refrain’. The complete refrain reads as follows (see sts 3/8, 6/4 below): Hafi ríks þars vel líkar | vist of aldr með Kristi | Haralds ǫnd ofarr lǫndum, i.e. Hafi ǫnd ríks Haralds vist of aldr með Kristi ofarr lǫndum, þars vel líkar ‘May the spirit of powerful Haraldr have residence forever with Christ above the lands, where it is good to be’. See Introduction to poem above. The ms. variants show that Snorri, who must have known the entire refrain, changed the reading of the last l. from his Mork exemplar to include all three ll. in the sts he cited from the poem.
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