Steinn Herdísarson, Nizarvísur 1

Kari Ellen Gade

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Steinn Nizv 1^II

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Steinn Herdísarson, Nizarvísur 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 360-1.

Steinn Herdísarson Nizarvísur

1 2

Sagði ‘said’

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segja (verb): say, tell

hitt ‘’

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2. inn (art.): the

[1] hitt: hinn 570a

notes

[2] hauklyndr; myndu (past inf.) ‘hawk-minded; might’: For the past inf. myndu, see ANG §529. Skj B and Skald adopt the Flat variant hauklundr ‘hawk-minded’ to form aðalhending with mundu (past inf.) ‘might’, while ÍF 28 and ÍF 29 give hauklyndr and mundu. Skj B connects hauklyndr with þengill ‘lord’ (l. 3) as the subject of the first cl., which results in an awkward tripartite l. and leaves the following cl. without a subject (see NN §§886, 2247D).

lyndr ‘ one’

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lyndr (adj.; °superl. -astr): minded < hauklyndr (adj.): hawk-tempered

[2] ‑lyndr: ‑lundr Flat

notes

vesa ‘happen’

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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

myndu ‘might’

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munu (verb): will, must

[2] myndu: so F, E, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, Mork, H, mundu Kˣ, J2ˣ, Flat, Hr, 570a

þar ‘there’

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þar (adv.): there

[3] þar: so F, J2ˣ, FskBˣ, Flat, H, Hr, 570a, þess Kˣ, þat E, þá FskAˣ, þér Mork

kvað ‘declared’

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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet

[3] kvað: kvað at FskAˣ

þengill ‘the lord’

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þengill (noun m.): prince, ruler

[3] þengill: þengils FskBˣ

eirar ‘of mercy’

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eir (noun f.): mercy

[3] eirar: so F, E, J2ˣ, FskBˣ, Mork, Flat, H, Hr, 570a, ‘errar’ Kˣ, herjar FskAˣ

þrotna ‘scant’

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þrotna (verb): cut short

[4] þrotna: þraut Hr

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[4] þrotna vôn (f. acc. sg.) ‘scant hope’: Lit. ‘ended, diminished hope’. Taken as the p. p. (f. acc. sg.) of þrjóta ‘end, lack, diminish’. It could also be the inf. of the weak verb þrotna ‘come to an end’ (see NN §3262A): kvað vn eirar frá hnum þrotna ‘said that the expectation of mercy from him was coming to an end’ (ll. 3, 4), but the p. p. is attested with ván ‘hope’ in other contexts (see the examples given in Fritzner: þrjóta 1).

vôn ‘hope’

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ván (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): hope, expectation

[4] vôn: vann Flat, 570a

notes

frá ‘from’

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frá (prep.): from

[4] frá: so F, E, J2ˣ, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, Mork, H, Hr, fyr Kˣ, 570a, af Flat

hônum ‘him’

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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...

Heldr ‘rather’

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heldr (adv.): rather

kvað ‘said’

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2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet

hvern ‘each’

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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every

várn ‘of us’

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várr (pron.; °f. ór/vár; pl. órir/várir): our

skyldu ‘must’

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skulu (verb): shall, should, must

[5] skyldu: skuldu FskAˣ

hilmir ‘ruler’

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hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector

frægr ‘The famous’

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frægr (adj.; °-jan/-an; compar. -ri, superl. -jastr/-astr/-str): famous, renowned

an ‘than’

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2. an (conj.): than

vægja ‘yield’

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1. vægja (verb): yield

menn ‘men’

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maðr (noun m.): man, person

[7] menn brutu: brutu menn Hr

brutu ‘readied’

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brjóta (verb; °brýtr; braut, brutu; brotinn): to break, destroy

[7] menn brutu: brutu menn Hr

upp ‘’

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upp (adv.): up

of ‘on top’

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3. of (prep.): around, from; too

[7] of: om. E

notes

[7, 8] falla þveran of annan ‘fall crosswise on top of one another’: This phrase became (or was) a commonplace, and it is also found in Sverris saga (Sv) and used by King Sverrir Sigurðarson: hverr fell um þveran annan ‘each fell crosswise on top of the other’ (ÍF 30, 252-3); Liggr hverr yðvar um þveran annan ‘Each of you lie crosswise on top of one another’ (ÍF 30, 253).

annan ‘of one another’

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1. annarr (pron.; °f. ǫnnur, n. annat; pl. aðrir): (an)other, second

[7] annan: anna Hr

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ǫll ‘all’

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allr (adj.): all

vôpn ‘weapons’

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vápn (noun n.; °-s; -): weapon

[8] vôpn: vn H

þveran ‘crosswise’

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þverr (adj.): across

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falla ‘fall’

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falla (verb): fall

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verse
prose

Before the battle, Haraldr incited his troops saying that, even though the Danes had twice as many men, the Norwegians must fall crosswise on top of one another rather than flee.

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Steinn Nizv 1II

Sagði ‘said’

hitt ‘’

es ‘what’

hugði ‘he thought’

hauk ‘The hawk-minded’

notes

lyndr ‘ one’

notes

vesa ‘happen’

myndu ‘might’

þar ‘there’

kvað ‘declared’

þengill ‘the lord’

eirar ‘of mercy’

þrotna ‘scant’

notes

vôn ‘hope’

notes

frá ‘from’

hônum ‘him’

Heldr ‘rather’

kvað ‘said’

hvern ‘each’

várn ‘of us’

skyldu ‘must’

hilmir ‘ruler’

frægr ‘The famous’

an ‘than’

vægja ‘yield’

menn ‘men’

brutu ‘readied’

upp ‘’

of ‘on top’

notes

annan ‘of one another’

notes

ǫll ‘all’

vôpn ‘weapons’

þveran ‘crosswise’

notes

falla ‘fall’

notes

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Steinn Nizv 1^II