SnSt Ht 90III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 90’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1200.
Mǫrg ‘Many’
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2. margr (adj.; °-an): many
þjóð ‘people’
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þjóð (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): people
ferr ‘travel’
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fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel
til ‘to’
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til (prep.): to
siklings ‘of the sovereign’
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siklingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
sala ‘the halls’
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1. salr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; dat. sǫlum): hall
sœmð ‘honour’
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sœmð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): honour
es ‘accrues’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
notes
[2] es þar til allra dvala ‘accrues to all who stay there’: Lit. ‘is there for all sojourns’.
þar ‘there’
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þar (adv.): there
notes
[2] es þar til allra dvala ‘accrues to all who stay there’: Lit. ‘is there for all sojourns’.
til ‘to’
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til (prep.): to
notes
[2] es þar til allra dvala ‘accrues to all who stay there’: Lit. ‘is there for all sojourns’.
allra ‘all’
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allr (adj.): all
notes
[2] es þar til allra dvala ‘accrues to all who stay there’: Lit. ‘is there for all sojourns’.
dvala ‘who stay’
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2. dvala (verb; °-að-): [who stay, delay]
notes
[2] es þar til allra dvala ‘accrues to all who stay there’: Lit. ‘is there for all sojourns’.
tiggi ‘the ruler’
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tiggi (noun m.; °-ja): king
veitir ‘gives out’
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2. veita (verb): grant, give
notes
[3] svala seima ‘cool gold’: Lit. in the pl. ‘cool gold-threads’. Seim (m. acc. sg.) has been altered in R to seima (R*).
svala ‘cool’
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svalr (adj.): cool
notes
[3] svala seima ‘cool gold’: Lit. in the pl. ‘cool gold-threads’. Seim (m. acc. sg.) has been altered in R to seima (R*).
satt ‘the truth’
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2. sannr (adj.; °-an; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): true
es ‘it is’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
bezt ‘best’
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betri (adj. comp.; °superl. beztr/baztr; pos. góðr adj.): better, best
of ‘about’
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
hann ‘him’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
at ‘to’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
tala ‘tell’
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3. tala (verb): speak, talk
Bresta ‘burst’
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1. bresta (verb; °brestr; brast, brustu; brostinn): burst, split
spyrjum ‘We [I]’
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spyrja (verb; spurði): ask; hear, find out
bauga ‘flat circlets’
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baugr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): ring
flata ‘learn that’
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flatr (adj.): level, shame-faced
bragna ‘of men’
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bragnar (noun m.): men, warriors
kennings
vinr bragna‘the friend of men ’
= Skúli
the friend of men → Skúli
vinr ‘the friend’
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vinr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -/(-i OsvReyk 92.17); -ir): friend
kennings
vinr bragna‘the friend of men ’
= Skúli
the friend of men → Skúli
kann ‘knows how’
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kunna (verb): know, can, be able
notes
[6] kann hat*a gulli ‘knows how to hate gold’: This means ‘give away gold’ i.e. ‘be generous’. Kann ‘knows’ is not used purely as a pleonastic auxiliary here. Ms. R reads ‘hatta’, which must be a scribal error.
gulli ‘gold’
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gull (noun n.): gold
notes
[6] kann hat*a gulli ‘knows how to hate gold’: This means ‘give away gold’ i.e. ‘be generous’. Kann ‘knows’ is not used purely as a pleonastic auxiliary here. Ms. R reads ‘hatta’, which must be a scribal error.
notes
[6] kann hat*a gulli ‘knows how to hate gold’: This means ‘give away gold’ i.e. ‘be generous’. Kann ‘knows’ is not used purely as a pleonastic auxiliary here. Ms. R reads ‘hatta’, which must be a scribal error.
œðri ‘a nobler’
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œðri (adj. comp.): nobler, higher
notes
[7-8] veitk, at vǫrðr grundar gata œðri gjǫflund ‘I know that no guardian of the ground [RULER] got a nobler generous disposition’: Lit. ‘I know that a guardian of the ground did not get a nobler generous disposition’. Gata ‘did not get’ is 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of geta ‘get’ plus the suffixed negation ‑a.
veitk ‘I know’
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1. vita (verb): know
notes
[7-8] veitk, at vǫrðr grundar gata œðri gjǫflund ‘I know that no guardian of the ground [RULER] got a nobler generous disposition’: Lit. ‘I know that a guardian of the ground did not get a nobler generous disposition’. Gata ‘did not get’ is 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of geta ‘get’ plus the suffixed negation ‑a.
at ‘that’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
notes
[7-8] veitk, at vǫrðr grundar gata œðri gjǫflund ‘I know that no guardian of the ground [RULER] got a nobler generous disposition’: Lit. ‘I know that a guardian of the ground did not get a nobler generous disposition’. Gata ‘did not get’ is 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of geta ‘get’ plus the suffixed negation ‑a.
gjǫflund ‘generous disposition’
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gjǫflund (noun f.): generous disposition
notes
[7-8] veitk, at vǫrðr grundar gata œðri gjǫflund ‘I know that no guardian of the ground [RULER] got a nobler generous disposition’: Lit. ‘I know that a guardian of the ground did not get a nobler generous disposition’. Gata ‘did not get’ is 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of geta ‘get’ plus the suffixed negation ‑a.
gata ‘got’
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2. geta (verb): to beget, give birth to, mention, speak of; to think well of, like, love
notes
[7-8] veitk, at vǫrðr grundar gata œðri gjǫflund ‘I know that no guardian of the ground [RULER] got a nobler generous disposition’: Lit. ‘I know that a guardian of the ground did not get a nobler generous disposition’. Gata ‘did not get’ is 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of geta ‘get’ plus the suffixed negation ‑a.
grundar ‘of the ground’
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grund (noun f.): earth, land
kennings
vǫrðr grundar‘guardian of the ground ’
= RULER
guardian of the ground → RULER
notes
[7-8] veitk, at vǫrðr grundar gata œðri gjǫflund ‘I know that no guardian of the ground [RULER] got a nobler generous disposition’: Lit. ‘I know that a guardian of the ground did not get a nobler generous disposition’. Gata ‘did not get’ is 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of geta ‘get’ plus the suffixed negation ‑a.
vǫrðr ‘guardian’
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vǫrðr (noun m.; °varðar, dat. verði/vǫrð; verðir, acc. vǫrðu): guardian, defender
kennings
vǫrðr grundar‘guardian of the ground ’
= RULER
guardian of the ground → RULER
notes
[7-8] veitk, at vǫrðr grundar gata œðri gjǫflund ‘I know that no guardian of the ground [RULER] got a nobler generous disposition’: Lit. ‘I know that a guardian of the ground did not get a nobler generous disposition’. Gata ‘did not get’ is 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of geta ‘get’ plus the suffixed negation ‑a.
fyr ‘before’
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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
hringa ‘of rings’
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1. hringr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ar): ring; sword
kennings
skata hringa;‘the chieftain of rings; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the chieftain of rings; → GENEROUS MAN
skata ‘the chieftain’
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skati (noun m.; °-a; -nar): chieftan, prince
kennings
skata hringa;‘the chieftain of rings; ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the chieftain of rings; → GENEROUS MAN
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Many people travel to the halls of the sovereign; honour accrues to all who stay there; the ruler gives out cool gold; it is best to tell the truth about him. We [I] learn that flat circlets burst before the chieftain of rings [GENEROUS MAN]; the friend of men [= Skúli] knows how to hate gold; I know that no guardian of the ground [RULER] got a nobler generous disposition.
This variant is based on octosyllabic hrynhent ‘flowing-rhymed’ (see sts 62-4), except that the cadence consists of two short syllables rather than the expected sequence of a long plus a short syllable. The identical end-rhymes are restricted to the helmingr (in minni runhenda ‘the lesser end-rhyme’; see sts 81, 87).
For this metre, see also RvHbreiðm Hl 33-4 and Anon Mhkv.
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