Cookies on our website

We use cookies on this website, mainly to provide a secure browsing experience but also to collect statistics on how the website is used. You can find out more about the cookies we set, the information we store and how we use it on the cookies page.

Continue

skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

Menu Search

SnSt Ht 73III

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 73’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1184.

Snorri SturlusonHáttatal
727374

Ræsir ‘The ruler’

(not checked:)
ræsir (noun m.): ruler

Close

glæsir ‘adorns’

(not checked:)
glæsa (verb): adorn

Close

Rǫkkva ‘of Rǫkkvi’s’

(not checked:)
Rǫkkvi (noun m.): Rǫkkvi

kennings

stǫkkva hreina reina Rǫkkva
‘the swift reindeer of Rǫkkvi’s land-strips ’
   = SHIPS

Rǫkkvi’s land-strips → SEA
the swift reindeer of the SEA → SHIPS

notes

[2] Rǫkkva; stǫkkva ‘of Rǫkkvi’s <sea-king’s>; the swift’: The R reading ‘stavkqa’ (altered in R to ‘davkqa’ (R*)), m. acc. pl. of the adj. stǫkkr ‘swift’ (from Proto-Nordic *stankva-; AEW: stǫkkr), has been retained in the present edn (so also LP: støkkr 2, where the vowel is rendered incorrectly).  Other eds adopt the adj. døkkva ‘dark’ (so R*, W(149), W(107), A). However, the internal rhyme ‑ǫkk- : ‑økk- is technically not an aðalhending, and both Skj B and Skald give dǫkkva rather than the regular døkkva. The form dǫkk- is unattested (døkkr < Gmc *dankwia (?), AEW: døkkr). It is possible that the two sounds ǫ and ø were sufficiently similar at this point (c. 1220) to allow for such a rhyme (see SnE 2007, 69; ANG §115.2), but it is equally plausible that the R variant represents the original reading (lectio difficilior), and that the W, A (and R*) readings are later attempts to make sense of an unfamiliar adj. For the noun stǫkkr ‘flight’, see st. 35/5 above.

Close

Rǫkkva ‘of Rǫkkvi’s’

(not checked:)
Rǫkkvi (noun m.): Rǫkkvi

kennings

stǫkkva hreina reina Rǫkkva
‘the swift reindeer of Rǫkkvi’s land-strips ’
   = SHIPS

Rǫkkvi’s land-strips → SEA
the swift reindeer of the SEA → SHIPS

notes

[2] Rǫkkva; stǫkkva ‘of Rǫkkvi’s <sea-king’s>; the swift’: The R reading ‘stavkqa’ (altered in R to ‘davkqa’ (R*)), m. acc. pl. of the adj. stǫkkr ‘swift’ (from Proto-Nordic *stankva-; AEW: stǫkkr), has been retained in the present edn (so also LP: støkkr 2, where the vowel is rendered incorrectly).  Other eds adopt the adj. døkkva ‘dark’ (so R*, W(149), W(107), A). However, the internal rhyme ‑ǫkk- : ‑økk- is technically not an aðalhending, and both Skj B and Skald give dǫkkva rather than the regular døkkva. The form dǫkk- is unattested (døkkr < Gmc *dankwia (?), AEW: døkkr). It is possible that the two sounds ǫ and ø were sufficiently similar at this point (c. 1220) to allow for such a rhyme (see SnE 2007, 69; ANG §115.2), but it is equally plausible that the R variant represents the original reading (lectio difficilior), and that the W, A (and R*) readings are later attempts to make sense of an unfamiliar adj. For the noun stǫkkr ‘flight’, see st. 35/5 above.

Close

stǫkkva ‘the swift’

(not checked:)
2. stǫkkr (adj.): [swift]

[2] stǫkkva: døkkva all others

kennings

stǫkkva hreina reina Rǫkkva
‘the swift reindeer of Rǫkkvi’s land-strips ’
   = SHIPS

Rǫkkvi’s land-strips → SEA
the swift reindeer of the SEA → SHIPS

notes

[2] Rǫkkva; stǫkkva ‘of Rǫkkvi’s <sea-king’s>; the swift’: The R reading ‘stavkqa’ (altered in R to ‘davkqa’ (R*)), m. acc. pl. of the adj. stǫkkr ‘swift’ (from Proto-Nordic *stankva-; AEW: stǫkkr), has been retained in the present edn (so also LP: støkkr 2, where the vowel is rendered incorrectly).  Other eds adopt the adj. døkkva ‘dark’ (so R*, W(149), W(107), A). However, the internal rhyme ‑ǫkk- : ‑økk- is technically not an aðalhending, and both Skj B and Skald give dǫkkva rather than the regular døkkva. The form dǫkk- is unattested (døkkr < Gmc *dankwia (?), AEW: døkkr). It is possible that the two sounds ǫ and ø were sufficiently similar at this point (c. 1220) to allow for such a rhyme (see SnE 2007, 69; ANG §115.2), but it is equally plausible that the R variant represents the original reading (lectio difficilior), and that the W, A (and R*) readings are later attempts to make sense of an unfamiliar adj. For the noun stǫkkr ‘flight’, see st. 35/5 above.

Close

hvítum ‘with white’

(not checked:)
hvítr (adj.; °-an; -ari, -astr): white

Close

rítum ‘shields’

(not checked:)
rít (noun f.): shield

Close

hreina ‘reindeer’

(not checked:)
1. hreinn (noun m.; °; hreinar): reindeer

kennings

stǫkkva hreina reina Rǫkkva
‘the swift reindeer of Rǫkkvi’s land-strips ’
   = SHIPS

Rǫkkvi’s land-strips → SEA
the swift reindeer of the SEA → SHIPS
Close

reina ‘land-strips’

(not checked:)
rein (noun f.): strip of land

kennings

stǫkkva hreina reina Rǫkkva
‘the swift reindeer of Rǫkkvi’s land-strips ’
   = SHIPS

Rǫkkvi’s land-strips → SEA
the swift reindeer of the SEA → SHIPS
Close

reina ‘land-strips’

(not checked:)
rein (noun f.): strip of land

kennings

stǫkkva hreina reina Rǫkkva
‘the swift reindeer of Rǫkkvi’s land-strips ’
   = SHIPS

Rǫkkvi’s land-strips → SEA
the swift reindeer of the SEA → SHIPS
Close

Skreytir ‘decorates’

(not checked:)
skreyta (verb): adorn

Close

hreytir ‘The scatterer’

(not checked:)
hreytir (noun m.): flinger

kennings

Hreytir hringa
‘The scatterer of rings ’
   = GENEROUS MAN

The scatterer of rings → GENEROUS MAN
Close

skafna ‘the smoothed’

(not checked:)
skafa (verb): plane, smoothe

[6] skafna: hrafna W

Close

stafna ‘bows’

(not checked:)
stafn (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): prow

Close

hringa ‘of rings’

(not checked:)
hringa (verb): [rings]

kennings

Hreytir hringa
‘The scatterer of rings ’
   = GENEROUS MAN

The scatterer of rings → GENEROUS MAN
Close

stinga ‘of rods’

(not checked:)
stingr (noun m.; °; -ir): rod

kennings

svǫrtum hjǫrtum stinga.
‘of the black deer of rods. ’
   = SHIPS

the black deer of rods. → SHIPS

notes

[7] stinga (m. gen. pl.) ‘of rods’: The meaning of this word is unclear, but it must refer to a part of a ship (see Note to Ólhv Hryn 8/6II). Finnur Jónsson (LP: stingr = brandr) offers a possible ofljóst construction stingr ‘stinger’ = brandr ‘sword’ = brandr ‘prow’. Following Falk (1912, 37), Faulkes (SnE 2007, 151) suggests that the word may refer to spikes fitted onto the prow of a ship to prevent the enemy from boarding, and that interpretation has been adopted in the present edn.

Close

hjǫrtum ‘deer’

(not checked:)
hjǫrtr (noun m.; °hjartar, dat. hirti (hjǫrt Æv¹ˆ 58²²n.); hirtir, acc. hjǫrtu, (gen. hirta GlossPsalt 9¹²)): hart

kennings

svǫrtum hjǫrtum stinga.
‘of the black deer of rods. ’
   = SHIPS

the black deer of rods. → SHIPS
Close

svǫrtum ‘of the black’

(not checked:)
svartr (adj.): black

kennings

svǫrtum hjǫrtum stinga.
‘of the black deer of rods. ’
   = SHIPS

the black deer of rods. → SHIPS
Close

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

The metre is called inn nýi háttr ‘the new verse-form’. Each line consists of two disyllabic long-stemmed syllables, and the internal rhymes in odd and even lines are structured as those in the even lines of st. 71 above (extended to include identity of the enclitic endings). The odd lines have one alliterating stave in metrical position 1, and in the even lines the main stave also falls in position 1. In TGT the first helmingr illustrates homoeoteleuton (‘omolemiton’), that is, syllables ending in the same sound, and the rhymes are compared to the rhymes in the even lines of riðhent ‘rocking-rhymed’ (st. 32 above).

The rubric in R is lxvi. — In TGT the helmingr is attributed to Snorri in both mss. The metre is also attested in two anonymous stanzas in FoGT (Anon (FoGT) 24, Anon (FoGT) 27), which could have been modelled on Snorri’s stanza.

Close

Log in

This service is only available to members of the relevant projects, and to purchasers of the skaldic volumes published by Brepols.
This service uses cookies. By logging in you agree to the use of cookies on your browser.

Close

Stanza/chapter/text segment

Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.

Information tab

Interactive tab

The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.

Full text tab

This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.

Chapter/text segment

This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.