Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 42’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1151.
[1] alrauðum auði ‘with very red wealth’: That is, with red gold (see also Sturl Hrafn 5/8II).
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rauðr (adj.; °compar. -ari): red < alrauðr (adj.)
[1] alrauðum auði ‘with very red wealth’: That is, with red gold (see also Sturl Hrafn 5/8II).
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2. drífa (verb; °drífr; dreif, drifu; drifinn): drive, rush
[1] alrauðum auði ‘with very red wealth’: That is, with red gold (see also Sturl Hrafn 5/8II).
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ógn (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): terror, battle < ógnrakkr (adj.): battle-bold
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rakkr (adj.; °compar. -ari): bold < ógnrakkr (adj.): battle-bold
[2] ‑rakkr: ‑rakkar U
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firar (noun m.): men
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hlǫkk (noun f.): battle
[2] hlakkar ‘of battle’: See Note to st. 18/1 above.
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1. vita (verb): know
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2. valr (noun m.; °-s): falcon
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3. á (prep.): on, at
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reitr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar/-ir, acc. -a/-u): path, land
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1. verpa (verb): to throw, cast (up)
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1. hringr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ar): ring; sword < hringdropi (noun m.): [ring-drop]
[4] hringdropa ‘the ring-drop [GOLD]’: One of the drops (rings) falling from Óðinn’s gold ring Draupnir (see SnE 1998, I, 40, 42 and Note to Anon Bjark 4/7).
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dropi (noun m.; °-a; -ar): drop < hringdropi (noun m.): [ring-drop]
[4] hringdropa ‘the ring-drop [GOLD]’: One of the drops (rings) falling from Óðinn’s gold ring Draupnir (see SnE 1998, I, 40, 42 and Note to Anon Bjark 4/7).
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snerpir (noun m.): [sharpener]
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snjallr (adj.): quick, resourceful, bold
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láta (verb): let, have sth done
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3. á (prep.): on, at
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2. fit (noun f.; °; -jar): [hand]
[5] fit ‘the hand’: For fit (usually ‘meadow’ or ‘webbed foot of a bird’) in the sense ‘arm, hand’, see Heggstad et al. 2008: fit 5. The words fit ‘hand’ and fit ‘meadow, webbed foot’ are homonyms (see AEW: fit 1-2).
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falla (verb): fall
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fagr (adj.; °fagran; compar. fegri, superl. fegrstr): fair, beautiful < fagrregn (noun n.): [fair rain]
[6, 8] fagrregn hvarma Mardallar ‘the fair rain of the eyelids [TEARS] of Mardǫll <= Freyja> [GOLD]’: This kenning refers to Freyja weeping tears of gold (see SnE 1998, I, 40, 43 and the extensive use of this imagery in ESk Øxfl 1-3, 9). See also Note to Anon Bjark 5/6. For Freyja’s name Mardǫll, see Note to Þul Ásynja 3/6.
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fagr (adj.; °fagran; compar. fegri, superl. fegrstr): fair, beautiful < fagrregn (noun n.): [fair rain]
[6, 8] fagrregn hvarma Mardallar ‘the fair rain of the eyelids [TEARS] of Mardǫll <= Freyja> [GOLD]’: This kenning refers to Freyja weeping tears of gold (see SnE 1998, I, 40, 43 and the extensive use of this imagery in ESk Øxfl 1-3, 9). See also Note to Anon Bjark 5/6. For Freyja’s name Mardǫll, see Note to Þul Ásynja 3/6.
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regn (noun n.; °-s; -): rain < fagrregn (noun n.): [fair rain]
[6, 8] fagrregn hvarma Mardallar ‘the fair rain of the eyelids [TEARS] of Mardǫll <= Freyja> [GOLD]’: This kenning refers to Freyja weeping tears of gold (see SnE 1998, I, 40, 43 and the extensive use of this imagery in ESk Øxfl 1-3, 9). See also Note to Anon Bjark 5/6. For Freyja’s name Mardǫll, see Note to Þul Ásynja 3/6.
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regn (noun n.; °-s; -): rain < fagrregn (noun n.): [fair rain]
[6, 8] fagrregn hvarma Mardallar ‘the fair rain of the eyelids [TEARS] of Mardǫll <= Freyja> [GOLD]’: This kenning refers to Freyja weeping tears of gold (see SnE 1998, I, 40, 43 and the extensive use of this imagery in ESk Øxfl 1-3, 9). See also Note to Anon Bjark 5/6. For Freyja’s name Mardǫll, see Note to Þul Ásynja 3/6.
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jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince
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þegn (noun m.; °dat. -/-i; -ar): thane, man, franklin
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ógn (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): terror, battle < ógnflýtir (noun m.)
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flýtir (noun m.): hastener < ógnflýtir (noun m.)
[7] ‑flýtir: flýtum W
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3. verja (verb): defend
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ýtr (noun m.): man; launcher
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1. armr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): arm
[8] arm ‘the arms’: Lit. ‘the arm’ (sg. used collectively; see also st. 45/5).
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(non-lexical) < Mardǫll (noun f.): Mardǫll
[6, 8] fagrregn hvarma Mardallar ‘the fair rain of the eyelids [TEARS] of Mardǫll <= Freyja> [GOLD]’: This kenning refers to Freyja weeping tears of gold (see SnE 1998, I, 40, 43 and the extensive use of this imagery in ESk Øxfl 1-3, 9). See also Note to Anon Bjark 5/6. For Freyja’s name Mardǫll, see Note to Þul Ásynja 3/6.
[6, 8] fagrregn hvarma Mardallar ‘the fair rain of the eyelids [TEARS] of Mardǫll <= Freyja> [GOLD]’: This kenning refers to Freyja weeping tears of gold (see SnE 1998, I, 40, 43 and the extensive use of this imagery in ESk Øxfl 1-3, 9). See also Note to Anon Bjark 5/6. For Freyja’s name Mardǫll, see Note to Þul Ásynja 3/6.
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hvarmr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): eyelid
[6, 8] fagrregn hvarma Mardallar ‘the fair rain of the eyelids [TEARS] of Mardǫll <= Freyja> [GOLD]’: This kenning refers to Freyja weeping tears of gold (see SnE 1998, I, 40, 43 and the extensive use of this imagery in ESk Øxfl 1-3, 9). See also Note to Anon Bjark 5/6. For Freyja’s name Mardǫll, see Note to Þul Ásynja 3/6.
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hvarmr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): eyelid
[6, 8] fagrregn hvarma Mardallar ‘the fair rain of the eyelids [TEARS] of Mardǫll <= Freyja> [GOLD]’: This kenning refers to Freyja weeping tears of gold (see SnE 1998, I, 40, 43 and the extensive use of this imagery in ESk Øxfl 1-3, 9). See also Note to Anon Bjark 5/6. For Freyja’s name Mardǫll, see Note to Þul Ásynja 3/6.
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Alrauðum drífr auði; |
It snows with very red wealth; I know where the attack-brave sharpener of battle [WARRIOR] throws the ring-drop [GOLD] onto the lands of the falcon [ARMS] of men. The wise prince makes the fair rain of the eyelids [TEARS] of Mardǫll <= Freyja> [GOLD] fall onto the hand of his subjects; the attack-hastener [WARRIOR] adorns the arms of people.
The dróttkvætt variant is called rétthent ‘consistently rhymed’. The rhymes in both odd and even lines are aðalhendingar.
It is not uncommon for odd dróttkvætt lines to have aðalhending rather than skothending (see also SnE 2007, 82). — The heading in Tˣ is 34.
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