SnSt Ht 41III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 41’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1150.
Velr ‘selects’
(not checked:)
velja (verb): choose
ítrhugaðr ‘The splendid-minded’
(not checked:)
ítrhugaðr (adj./verb p.p.): [splendid-minded]
ýtum ‘people’
(not checked:)
ýtr (noun m.): man; launcher
otr ‘otter’
(not checked:)
otr (noun m.; °; otrar): otter < otrgjald (noun n.): [otter-payments]
kennings
otrgjǫld;‘otter-payments ’
= GOLD
otter-payments → GOLD
notes
[2] otrgjǫld ‘otter-payments [GOLD]’: This refers to the compensation paid by the gods for the slaying of Otr, the brother of Reginn and Fáfnir (see Rm, SnE 1998, I, 45-6 and RvHbreiðm Hl 3-8). See also Notes to st. 15/1-2 above and Anon Bjark 5/5.
gjǫld ‘payments’
(not checked:)
gjald (noun n.): payment, reward, return < otrgjald (noun n.): [otter-payments]
kennings
otrgjǫld;‘otter-payments ’
= GOLD
otter-payments → GOLD
notes
[2] otrgjǫld ‘otter-payments [GOLD]’: This refers to the compensation paid by the gods for the slaying of Otr, the brother of Reginn and Fáfnir (see Rm, SnE 1998, I, 45-6 and RvHbreiðm Hl 3-8). See also Notes to st. 15/1-2 above and Anon Bjark 5/5.
jǫfurr ‘prince’
(not checked:)
jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince
snotrum ‘for wise’
(not checked:)
snotr (adj.): wise
hefr ‘has’
(not checked:)
hafa (verb): have
þings ‘of the assembly’
(not checked:)
þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly
kennings
þrøngvi þings.‘the oppressor of the assembly. ’
= STERN RULER
the oppressor of the assembly. → STERN RULER
fyr ‘before’
(not checked:)
fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
þrøngvi ‘the oppressor’
(not checked:)
þrøngvir (noun m.): forcer
[3] þrøngvi: so all others, þrøngi R
kennings
þrøngvi þings.‘the oppressor of the assembly. ’
= STERN RULER
the oppressor of the assembly. → STERN RULER
notes
[3] þrøngvi ‘the oppressor’: So all other mss. In R ‘þravngi’ has been altered to ‘þravngvi’ (R*).
þung ‘the heavy’
(not checked:)
þungr (adj.): heavy < þungfarmr (noun m.): [heavy burden]
kennings
þungfarmr Grana‘the heavy burden of Grani ’
= GOLD
the heavy burden of Grani → GOLD
notes
[4] þungfarmr Grana ‘the heavy burden of Grani <horse> [GOLD]’: This is the gold carried on the back of Grani, Sigurðr’s horse, across Gnitaheiðr (see Fáfn end prose, NK 188, Gríp 11-13, SnE 1998, I, 47 and Note to Anon Bjark 4/6). For Grani, see Note to Anon Kálfv 4/8 (see also Þul Hesta 1/8).
farmr ‘burden’
(not checked:)
farmr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): cargo < þungfarmr (noun m.): [heavy burden]
kennings
þungfarmr Grana‘the heavy burden of Grani ’
= GOLD
the heavy burden of Grani → GOLD
notes
[4] þungfarmr Grana ‘the heavy burden of Grani <horse> [GOLD]’: This is the gold carried on the back of Grani, Sigurðr’s horse, across Gnitaheiðr (see Fáfn end prose, NK 188, Gríp 11-13, SnE 1998, I, 47 and Note to Anon Bjark 4/6). For Grani, see Note to Anon Kálfv 4/8 (see also Þul Hesta 1/8).
Grana ‘of Grani’
(not checked:)
Grani (noun m.): Grani
kennings
þungfarmr Grana‘the heavy burden of Grani ’
= GOLD
the heavy burden of Grani → GOLD
notes
[4] þungfarmr Grana ‘the heavy burden of Grani <horse> [GOLD]’: This is the gold carried on the back of Grani, Sigurðr’s horse, across Gnitaheiðr (see Fáfn end prose, NK 188, Gríp 11-13, SnE 1998, I, 47 and Note to Anon Bjark 4/6). For Grani, see Note to Anon Kálfv 4/8 (see also Þul Hesta 1/8).
sprungit ‘burst’
(not checked:)
springa (verb): burst, spring apart
Hjǫrs ‘of the sword’
(not checked:)
hjǫrr (noun m.): sword
kennings
Rjóðr hjǫrs‘The reddener of the sword ’
= WARRIOR
The reddener of the sword → WARRIOR
vill ‘wants’
(not checked:)
vilja (verb): want, intend
rjóðr ‘The reddener’
(not checked:)
1. rjóðr (noun m.): reddener
kennings
Rjóðr hjǫrs‘The reddener of the sword ’
= WARRIOR
The reddener of the sword → WARRIOR
at ‘’
(not checked:)
4. at (conj.): that
ríði ‘to be scattered’
(not checked:)
1. ríða (verb): ride
reiðmálmr ‘the riding-metal’
(not checked:)
reiðmalmr (noun m.): [riding-metal]
kennings
reiðmálmr Gnitaheiðar‘the riding-metal of Gnitaheiðr ’
= GOLD
the riding-metal of Gnitaheiðr → GOLD
notes
[6] reiðmálmr Gnitaheiðar ‘the riding-metal of Gnitaheiðr [GOLD]’: This kenning extends the imagery from l. 4. Gnitaheiðr was the heath where Fáfnir lay on the gold.
Gnitaheiðar ‘of Gnitaheiðr’
(not checked:)
Gnitaheiðr (noun f.): Gnitaheiðr
kennings
reiðmálmr Gnitaheiðar‘the riding-metal of Gnitaheiðr ’
= GOLD
the riding-metal of Gnitaheiðr → GOLD
notes
[6] reiðmálmr Gnitaheiðar ‘the riding-metal of Gnitaheiðr [GOLD]’: This kenning extends the imagery from l. 4. Gnitaheiðr was the heath where Fáfnir lay on the gold.
vígs ‘of battle’
(not checked:)
víg (noun n.; °-s; -): battle
kennings
hættis vígs.‘of the darer of battle. ’
= WARRIOR
the darer of battle. → WARRIOR
es ‘is’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
notes
[7] es hreytt ‘is distributed’: The verb is used impersonally with skatti Niflunga (m. dat. sg.) ‘the treasure of the Niflungar’ (l. 8) as the dat. object. In R ‘hreit’ has been altered to ‘hreytt’ (R*).
hreytt ‘distributed’
(not checked:)
hreyta (verb): throw, distribute
[7] hreytt: so U, ‘hreit’ R, ‘hrott’ Tˣ, ‘hrvtt’ W
notes
[7] es hreytt ‘is distributed’: The verb is used impersonally with skatti Niflunga (m. dat. sg.) ‘the treasure of the Niflungar’ (l. 8) as the dat. object. In R ‘hreit’ has been altered to ‘hreytt’ (R*).
at ‘at’
(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to
hættis ‘of the darer’
(not checked:)
hættir (noun m.): [darer]
[7] hættis: so Tˣ, U, hættiz R, hætti W
kennings
hættis vígs.‘of the darer of battle. ’
= WARRIOR
the darer of battle. → WARRIOR
hvatt ‘vigorously’
(not checked:)
hvatr (adj.; °-ari, -an; -astr): keen, brave
Niflunga ‘of the Niflungar’
(not checked:)
Niflungr (noun m.; °; -ar): one of Niflungar
kennings
skatti Niflunga‘the treasure of the Niflungar ’
= GOLD
the treasure of the Niflungar → GOLD
notes
[8] skatti Niflunga ‘the treasure of the Niflungar <legendary family> [GOLD]’: This is the gold belonging to the Niflungar, Gunnarr and Hǫgni (see Akv 27, SnE 1998, I, 45-9 and Note to Anon Bjark 6/6).
skatti ‘the treasure’
(not checked:)
skattr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): treasure, wealth
kennings
skatti Niflunga‘the treasure of the Niflungar ’
= GOLD
the treasure of the Niflungar → GOLD
notes
[8] skatti Niflunga ‘the treasure of the Niflungar <legendary family> [GOLD]’: This is the gold belonging to the Niflungar, Gunnarr and Hǫgni (see Akv 27, SnE 1998, I, 45-9 and Note to Anon Bjark 6/6).
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Velr ítrhugaðr ýtum |
The splendid-minded prince selects otter-payments [GOLD] for wise people; the heavy burden of Grani <horse> [GOLD] has often burst before the oppressor of the assembly [STERN RULER]. The reddener of the sword [WARRIOR] wants the riding-metal of Gnitaheiðr [GOLD] to be scattered; the treasure of the Niflungar <legendary family> [GOLD] is distributed vigorously at [the dwelling] of the darer of battle [WARRIOR].
The dróttkvætt variant is liðhent ‘helping-rhymed’ (see also sts 53, 58 below). The internal rhymes in the odd lines and the first rhyme in the even lines fall on the alliterating syllables and the hendingar in each couplet have the same postvocalic environment.
This rhyme scheme is not uncommon in dróttkvætt poetry (see also SnE 2007, 80-1). — The heading in Tˣ is 33. — The kennings for ‘gold’ are all derived from stories about Sigurðr the Dragon-slayer and the Niflungar.
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