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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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SnSt Ht 35III

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 35’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1142.

Snorri SturlusonHáttatal
343536

Reist ‘carved’

(not checked:)
rísta (verb): carve, raise

notes

[1] reist … at ‘carved … towards’: Originally written as one word in R, but altered to ‘Réist/at’ (R*).

Close

at ‘towards’

(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to

notes

[1] reist … at ‘carved … towards’: Originally written as one word in R, but altered to ‘Réist/at’ (R*).

Close

Vágsbrú ‘Vágsbrú’

(not checked:)
Vágsbrú (noun f.): Vágsbrú

notes

[1] Vágsbrú: This p. n. in Innherad, Trøndelag, has not been identified.

Close

vestan ‘from the west’

(not checked:)
vestan (prep.): from the west

Close

varr ‘the wake’

(not checked:)
1. varr (noun m.): wake < varrsími (noun m.)

[2] varr‑: var W, U

notes

[2] varrsíma bar fjarri ‘the wake-line stretched far’: An impersonal construction with varrsíma ‘the wake-line’ as the acc. object.

Close

síma ‘line’

(not checked:)
sími (noun m.): thread, string < varrsími (noun m.)

notes

[2] varrsíma bar fjarri ‘the wake-line stretched far’: An impersonal construction with varrsíma ‘the wake-line’ as the acc. object.

Close

bar ‘stretched’

(not checked:)
3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry

notes

[2] varrsíma bar fjarri ‘the wake-line stretched far’: An impersonal construction with varrsíma ‘the wake-line’ as the acc. object.

Close

fjarri ‘far’

(not checked:)
fjarri (adv.): far, far from it, unlikely

notes

[2] varrsíma bar fjarri ‘the wake-line stretched far’: An impersonal construction with varrsíma ‘the wake-line’ as the acc. object.

Close

heitfastr ‘The pledge-firm’

(not checked:)
heitfastr (adj.): pledge-firm

kennings

Heitfastr hjálm-Týr
‘The pledge-firm helmet-Týr ’
   = WARRIOR

The pledge-firm helmet-Týr → WARRIOR
Close

hávar ‘deep’

(not checked:)
3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high

notes

[3] hávar ‘deep’: Lit. ‘high’. This adj. must refer to the waves within the currents, hence ‘deep’.

Close

rastir ‘currents’

(not checked:)
2. rǫst (noun f.; °; gen. rasta): current

Close

hjálm ‘helmet’

(not checked:)
1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet < hjalmtýr (noun m.)

kennings

Heitfastr hjálm-Týr
‘The pledge-firm helmet-Týr ’
   = WARRIOR

The pledge-firm helmet-Týr → WARRIOR
Close

Týr ‘Týr’

(not checked:)
Týr (noun m.): Týr < hjalmtýr (noun m.)

kennings

Heitfastr hjálm-Týr
‘The pledge-firm helmet-Týr ’
   = WARRIOR

The pledge-firm helmet-Týr → WARRIOR
Close

svǫlu ‘with the cool’

(not checked:)
svalr (adj.): cool

[4] svǫlu: svǫru Tˣ

Close

stýri ‘rudder’

(not checked:)
stýri (noun n.; °-s; -): rudder

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Stǫkkr ‘The flight’

(not checked:)
1. stǫkkr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-): [flight]

[5] Stǫkkr: stǫkk W

Close

óx ‘grew’

(not checked:)
vaxa (verb): grow, increase

Close

es ‘as’

(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when

[5] es (‘er’): en W

Close

blakka ‘of steeds’

(not checked:)
1. blakkr (noun m.): horse

[5] blakka: bakka U

kennings

herfjǫlð blakka brims
‘a great number of steeds of the surf ’
   = SHIPS

a great number of steeds of the surf → SHIPS
Close

brims ‘of the surf’

(not checked:)
brim (noun n.): surf

kennings

herfjǫlð blakka brims
‘a great number of steeds of the surf ’
   = SHIPS

a great number of steeds of the surf → SHIPS
Close

fyr ‘along’

(not checked:)
fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.

Close

it ‘the’

(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the

kennings

it grimma hrannláð
‘the grim wave-land ’
   = SEA

the grim wave-land → SEA
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grimma ‘grim’

(not checked:)
grimmr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): fierce

kennings

it grimma hrannláð
‘the grim wave-land ’
   = SEA

the grim wave-land → SEA
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herfjǫlð ‘a great number’

(not checked:)
herfjǫlð (noun f.): great quantity

kennings

herfjǫlð blakka brims
‘a great number of steeds of the surf ’
   = SHIPS

a great number of steeds of the surf → SHIPS
Close

húfar ‘the hulls’

(not checked:)
húfr (noun m.; °dat. -i): hull

Close

svǫlðu ‘became cool’

(not checked:)
2. svala (verb): become cold

Close

hrann ‘wave’

(not checked:)
hrǫnn (noun f.; °; dat. -um): wave < hrannláð (noun n.)

kennings

it grimma hrannláð
‘the grim wave-land ’
   = SEA

the grim wave-land → SEA
Close

láð ‘land’

(not checked:)
2. láð (noun n.): earth, land < hrannláð (noun n.)

[8] ‑láð: so Tˣ, U, ráð R, lið W

kennings

it grimma hrannláð
‘the grim wave-land ’
   = SEA

the grim wave-land → SEA

notes

[8] -láð ‘-land’: So and U. Ráð ‘counsel’, which makes no sense in the context, has been altered in R to láð (R*).

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

The dróttkvætt variant is in forna skjálfhenda ‘the ancient tremble-rhyme’. It resembles tvískelft ‘twice-trembled’ (st. 28 above), but unlike that variant, the ‘tremble-rhymes’ do not occur in every odd line (only in ll. 3 and 7), and the heavy syllable in position 2 carries internal rhyme (here aðalhending).

There is no heading in U for this variant, and gives 28. For this metre, see also RvHbreiðm Hl 81-2. According to Snorri, the metre was invented by a poet called Veili (SnE 2007, 18): Þenna hátt fann fyrst Veili. Þá lá hann í útskeri nokkvoru, kominn af skipsbroti, ok hǫfðu þeir illt til klæða ok veðr kalt. Þá orti hann kvæði er kallat er kviðan skjálfhenda eða drápan steflausa, ok kveðit eptir Sigurðar sǫgu ‘Veili was the first to invent this verse-form. Then he was lying on an outer skerry after a shipwreck, and they had poor clothing and cold weather. Then he composed the poem which is called the tremble-rhymed poem or the drápa without a stef, and it was modelled on the saga of Sigurðr’. Veili is likely to be the poet Þorvaldr veili ‘the Miserable’ (ÞveilV), but the only stanza attributed to him (Þveil LvV (Nj 7)) does not contain this particular metrical feature (for this dróttkvætt variant, see also Kuhn 1983, 105, 289, 333-4; SnE 2007, 58-9; Gade 1995a, 56-9, 72, 226, 260 n. 1, 262 n. 3). — For this journey, see Note to st. 34 [All] above.

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