SnSt Ht 34III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 34’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1141.
Flaust ‘a ship’
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flaust (noun n.): ship
fólka ‘of troops’
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folk (noun n.): people
kennings
Treystir fólka‘The encourager of troops ’
= WARRIOR
The encourager of troops → WARRIOR
treystir ‘The encourager’
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treystir (noun m.): trier, encourager, occupier
[1] treystir: ‘treyst[…]’ U(47r)
kennings
Treystir fólka‘The encourager of troops ’
= WARRIOR
The encourager of troops → WARRIOR
fagr ‘with the fairest’
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fagr (adj.; °fagran; compar. fegri, superl. fegrstr): fair, beautiful < fagrskjaldaðr (adj.)
notes
[2] fagrskjǫlduðustum ‘with the fairest shields’: Lit. ‘the most fair-shielded’. Hap. leg. A sup. adj., p. p. of the weak verb skjalda ‘equip with shields’ with the first element fagr- ‘fair’.
skjǫlduðustum ‘ shields’
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-skjaldaðr (adj.): [ shields] < fagrskjaldaðr (adj.)
[2] ‑skjǫlduðustum: ‘skiolldvzvztvm’ U(47r), ‘skiolldvzvstvm’ U(52v)
notes
[2] fagrskjǫlduðustum ‘with the fairest shields’: Lit. ‘the most fair-shielded’. Hap. leg. A sup. adj., p. p. of the weak verb skjalda ‘equip with shields’ with the first element fagr- ‘fair’.
leið ‘the sea’
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leið (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir/-ar): path, way
notes
[3] leið ‘the sea’: Given as a heiti for ‘sea’ in Skm (SnE 1998, I, 93), but otherwise attested only once with that meaning (see Note to Anon (SnE) 12/1).
skar ‘cut’
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skera (verb): cut
bragnings ‘the ruler’s’
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bragningr (noun m.; °; -ar): prince, ruler
kennings
bróðir bragnings‘the ruler’s brother ’
= Skúli
the ruler’s brother → Skúli
notes
[3] bróðir bragnings ‘the ruler’s brother [= Skúli]’: See Note to st. 33/5 above.
bróðir ‘brother’
kennings
bróðir bragnings‘the ruler’s brother ’
= Skúli
the ruler’s brother → Skúli
notes
[3] bróðir bragnings ‘the ruler’s brother [= Skúli]’: See Note to st. 33/5 above.
bjart ‘with the brightest’
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bjartr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): bright < bjartveggjaðr (adj.)
notes
[4] bjartveggjuðustu ‘with the brightest sails’: Lit. ‘the most bright-sailed’. Hap. leg. and p. p. of an unattested weak verb *veggja ‘equip with sails’ (from veggr ‘sail’), used as a sup. adj. with the first element bjart- ‘bright’.
veggjuðustu ‘sails’
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veggjaðr (adj.): [sails] < bjartveggjaðr (adj.)
[4] ‑veggjuðustu: ‘veggivzvstv’ U(52v)
notes
[4] bjartveggjuðustu ‘with the brightest sails’: Lit. ‘the most bright-sailed’. Hap. leg. and p. p. of an unattested weak verb *veggja ‘equip with sails’ (from veggr ‘sail’), used as a sup. adj. with the first element bjart- ‘bright’.
notes
[4] reggi ‘with a vessel’: For this term for ‘ship’, see Note to Þul Skipa 2/5.
Hest ‘the horse’
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hestr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): horse, stallion
kennings
hest rasta‘the horse of currents, ’
= SHIP
the horse of currents, → SHIP
rak ‘urged on’
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2. reka (verb): drive, force
hilmir ‘The lord’
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hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
rasta ‘of currents’
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2. rǫst (noun f.; °; gen. rasta): current
kennings
hest rasta‘the horse of currents, ’
= SHIP
the horse of currents, → SHIP
notes
[5] rasta ‘of maelstroms’: Altered in R to rastar ‘of the maelstrom’ (R*).
harð ‘most strongly’
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harðr (adj.; °comp. -ari; superl. -astr): hard, harsh < harðsveipaðr (adj./verb p.p.)
[6] harð‑: ‘har‑’ Tˣ
notes
[6] harðsveipaðastan ‘most strongly wrapped’: Hap. leg. Altered in R to harðgreipaðastan ‘most strongly gripped, most strongly spanned’ (R*). This is the p. p. of the weak verb sveipa in the meaning ‘wrap, swaddle’, sup., with the first element harð- ‘strong, hard’.
sveipaðastan ‘wrapped’
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3. sveipa (verb): wrap, encircle < harðsveipaðr (adj./verb p.p.)
notes
[6] harðsveipaðastan ‘most strongly wrapped’: Hap. leg. Altered in R to harðgreipaðastan ‘most strongly gripped, most strongly spanned’ (R*). This is the p. p. of the weak verb sveipa in the meaning ‘wrap, swaddle’, sup., with the first element harð- ‘strong, hard’.
reipum ‘with rigging’
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reip (noun n.; °-s; -): rope
sær ‘the sea’
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sjór (noun m.): sea
hlaut ‘resounded’
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hljóta (verb): alot, gain
við ‘against’
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2. við (prep.): with, against
þrǫm ‘the side’
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þrǫmr (noun m.; °dat. þremi; gen. þrama): rail, rim
þung ‘with the heaviest’
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þungr (adj.): heavy < þunghúfaðr (adj./verb p.p.)
[8] þung‑: þingi Tˣ
notes
[8] þunghúfuðustu ‘with the heaviest hull’: Lit. ‘the most heavy-hulled’. Hap. leg. and p. p. of an unattested weak verb *húfa ‘equip with a hull’ (derived from húfr ‘hull’), in the sup., with the first element þung- ‘heavy’.
húfuðustu ‘hull’
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húfaðr (adj.): [hull, hulled] < þunghúfaðr (adj./verb p.p.)
[8] ‑húfuðustu: ‘‑hvfvztv’ U(52v)
notes
[8] þunghúfuðustu ‘with the heaviest hull’: Lit. ‘the most heavy-hulled’. Hap. leg. and p. p. of an unattested weak verb *húfa ‘equip with a hull’ (derived from húfr ‘hull’), in the sup., with the first element þung- ‘heavy’.
lungi ‘of the craft’
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lung (noun n.): longship
notes
[8] lungi ‘of the craft’: See Note to st. 21/1.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Flaust bjó fólka treystir |
The encourager of troops [WARRIOR] readied a ship with men with the fairest shields; the ruler’s brother [= Skúli] cut the sea with a vessel with the brightest sails. The lord urged on the horse of currents [SHIP], most strongly wrapped with rigging; the sea resounded against the side of the craft with the heaviest hull.
Snorri calls this variant of dróttkvætt flagðaháttr ‘ogresses’ form’. All even lines are heptasyllabic, and positions 1-5 are occupied by pentasyllabic adjectives in the superlative.
The headings are 27 (Tˣ) and flagða lag ‘ogresses’ metre’ (U(47r)). See RvHbreiðm Hl 63-4. Holtsmark (Hl 1941, 131 n. 1) proposes that the name of the metre could have come from the hissing sounds produced by the extra syllables with the consonant cluster [st]. Sievers (1893, 109-10) suggested resolution on the syllables in metrical positions 3-4, which is unlikely because the first syllable carries secondary and not primary stress. Other than in Hl and Ht, this variant is attested in VíglÞ Lv 7/2V (Vígl 10). — This stanza and the following three stanzas describe events that took place in 1214 during the so-called Vágsbrúarsumar ‘Vágsbrú summer’, when Ingi Bárðarson and Skúli gathered an army and sailed from Bergen to Trøndelag to force the farmers to pledge allegiance at a legal assembly (see Hák, E 1916, 480 and Bǫgl 1988, II, 127).
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