SnSt Ht 30III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 30’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1136.
kennings
þoll grœnna skjalda‘the fir-tree of green shields ’
= WARRIOR = Snorri
the fir-tree of green shields → WARRIOR = Snorri
biðk ‘I ask that’
(not checked:)
biðja (verb; °biðr; bað, báðu; beðinn (beiþ- Martin¹ 573, bỏþ- HákEirsp 661, cf. ed. intr. xl)): ask for, order, pray
[1] biðk (‘bið ec’): ‘[…] ek’ W
hilmis ‘the lord’s’
(not checked:)
hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
hylli ‘good grace’
(not checked:)
hylli (noun f.; °-): favour
halda ‘keep’
(not checked:)
halda (verb): hold, keep
grœnna ‘of green’
(not checked:)
2. grœnn (adj.; °superl. grǿnastr/grǿnstr): green
[2] grœnna: ‘græna’ U(47r)
kennings
þoll grœnna skjalda‘the fir-tree of green shields ’
= WARRIOR = Snorri
the fir-tree of green shields → WARRIOR = Snorri
notes
[2] grœnna skjalda ‘of green shields’: For shields painted green, see Falk (1914b, 147).
skjalda ‘shields’
(not checked:)
skjǫldr (noun m.; °skjaldar/skildar, dat. skildi; skildir, acc. skjǫldu): shield
kennings
þoll grœnna skjalda‘the fir-tree of green shields ’
= WARRIOR = Snorri
the fir-tree of green shields → WARRIOR = Snorri
notes
[2] grœnna skjalda ‘of green shields’: For shields painted green, see Falk (1914b, 147).
askr ‘the ash-tree’
(not checked:)
askr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): ash, ash-tree, ash-ship
kennings
askr þilju ilja Hrungnis‘the ash-tree of the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles ’
= WARRIOR
the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles → SHIELD
the ash-tree of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
beið ‘gained’
(not checked:)
bíða (verb; °bíðr; beið, biðu; beðit): wait, suffer, experience
af ‘from’
(not checked:)
af (prep.): from
þroska ‘advancement’
(not checked:)
þroski (noun m.; °-a): manly deed, manhood
þilju ‘of the plank’
(not checked:)
1. þilja (noun f.; °-u; -ur): planking, decking
kennings
askr þilju ilja Hrungnis‘the ash-tree of the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles ’
= WARRIOR
the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles → SHIELD
the ash-tree of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
notes
[4] þilju ilja Hrungnis ‘of the plank of Hrungnir’s <giant’s> footsoles [SHIELD]’: For this kenning, see Skm (SnE 1998, I, 20-4) and Note to Sturl Hákkv 16/7-8II. For the underlying myth of the god Þórr’s combat with the giant Hrungnir, see Þjóð Haustl 14-20.
þilju ‘of the plank’
(not checked:)
1. þilja (noun f.; °-u; -ur): planking, decking
kennings
askr þilju ilja Hrungnis‘the ash-tree of the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles ’
= WARRIOR
the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles → SHIELD
the ash-tree of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
notes
[4] þilju ilja Hrungnis ‘of the plank of Hrungnir’s <giant’s> footsoles [SHIELD]’: For this kenning, see Skm (SnE 1998, I, 20-4) and Note to Sturl Hákkv 16/7-8II. For the underlying myth of the god Þórr’s combat with the giant Hrungnir, see Þjóð Haustl 14-20.
Hrungnis ‘of Hrungnir’s’
(not checked:)
Hrungnir (noun m.): Hrungnir proper name
kennings
askr þilju ilja Hrungnis‘the ash-tree of the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles ’
= WARRIOR
the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles → SHIELD
the ash-tree of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
notes
[4] þilju ilja Hrungnis ‘of the plank of Hrungnir’s <giant’s> footsoles [SHIELD]’: For this kenning, see Skm (SnE 1998, I, 20-4) and Note to Sturl Hákkv 16/7-8II. For the underlying myth of the god Þórr’s combat with the giant Hrungnir, see Þjóð Haustl 14-20.
Hrungnis ‘of Hrungnir’s’
(not checked:)
Hrungnir (noun m.): Hrungnir proper name
kennings
askr þilju ilja Hrungnis‘the ash-tree of the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles ’
= WARRIOR
the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles → SHIELD
the ash-tree of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
notes
[4] þilju ilja Hrungnis ‘of the plank of Hrungnir’s <giant’s> footsoles [SHIELD]’: For this kenning, see Skm (SnE 1998, I, 20-4) and Note to Sturl Hákkv 16/7-8II. For the underlying myth of the god Þórr’s combat with the giant Hrungnir, see Þjóð Haustl 14-20.
ilja ‘foot-soles’
(not checked:)
il (noun f.; °; -jar): footsole
kennings
askr þilju ilja Hrungnis‘the ash-tree of the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles ’
= WARRIOR
the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles → SHIELD
the ash-tree of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
notes
[4] þilju ilja Hrungnis ‘of the plank of Hrungnir’s <giant’s> footsoles [SHIELD]’: For this kenning, see Skm (SnE 1998, I, 20-4) and Note to Sturl Hákkv 16/7-8II. For the underlying myth of the god Þórr’s combat with the giant Hrungnir, see Þjóð Haustl 14-20.
ilja ‘foot-soles’
(not checked:)
il (noun f.; °; -jar): footsole
kennings
askr þilju ilja Hrungnis‘the ash-tree of the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles ’
= WARRIOR
the plank of Hrungnir’s foot-soles → SHIELD
the ash-tree of the SHIELD → WARRIOR
notes
[4] þilju ilja Hrungnis ‘of the plank of Hrungnir’s <giant’s> footsoles [SHIELD]’: For this kenning, see Skm (SnE 1998, I, 20-4) and Note to Sturl Hákkv 16/7-8II. For the underlying myth of the god Þórr’s combat with the giant Hrungnir, see Þjóð Haustl 14-20.
Víg ‘of the war’
(not checked:)
víg (noun n.; °-s; -): battle < vígfold (noun f.): [war-land]
kennings
Valdi vandar vígfoldar,‘Wielder of the rod of the war-land, ’
= WARRIOR = Hákon
the war-land, → SHIELD
the rod of the SHIELD → SWORD
Wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Hákon
Víg ‘of the war’
(not checked:)
víg (noun n.; °-s; -): battle < vígfold (noun f.): [war-land]
kennings
Valdi vandar vígfoldar,‘Wielder of the rod of the war-land, ’
= WARRIOR = Hákon
the war-land, → SHIELD
the rod of the SHIELD → SWORD
Wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Hákon
Víg ‘of the war’
(not checked:)
víg (noun n.; °-s; -): battle < vígfold (noun f.): [war-land]
kennings
Valdi vandar vígfoldar,‘Wielder of the rod of the war-land, ’
= WARRIOR = Hákon
the war-land, → SHIELD
the rod of the SHIELD → SWORD
Wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Hákon
foldar ‘land’
(not checked:)
fold (noun f.): land < vígfold (noun f.): [war-land]
kennings
Valdi vandar vígfoldar,‘Wielder of the rod of the war-land, ’
= WARRIOR = Hákon
the war-land, → SHIELD
the rod of the SHIELD → SWORD
Wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Hákon
foldar ‘land’
(not checked:)
fold (noun f.): land < vígfold (noun f.): [war-land]
kennings
Valdi vandar vígfoldar,‘Wielder of the rod of the war-land, ’
= WARRIOR = Hákon
the war-land, → SHIELD
the rod of the SHIELD → SWORD
Wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Hákon
foldar ‘land’
(not checked:)
fold (noun f.): land < vígfold (noun f.): [war-land]
kennings
Valdi vandar vígfoldar,‘Wielder of the rod of the war-land, ’
= WARRIOR = Hákon
the war-land, → SHIELD
the rod of the SHIELD → SWORD
Wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Hákon
valdi ‘Wielder’
(not checked:)
1. valdi (noun m.): ruler
kennings
Valdi vandar vígfoldar,‘Wielder of the rod of the war-land, ’
= WARRIOR = Hákon
the war-land, → SHIELD
the rod of the SHIELD → SWORD
Wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Hákon
vandar ‘of the rod’
(not checked:)
vǫndr (noun m.; °vandar, dat. vendi/vǫnd; vendir, acc. vǫndu/vendi): rod, want, mast
kennings
Valdi vandar vígfoldar,‘Wielder of the rod of the war-land, ’
= WARRIOR = Hákon
the war-land, → SHIELD
the rod of the SHIELD → SWORD
Wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Hákon
vandar ‘of the rod’
(not checked:)
vǫndr (noun m.; °vandar, dat. vendi/vǫnd; vendir, acc. vǫndu/vendi): rod, want, mast
kennings
Valdi vandar vígfoldar,‘Wielder of the rod of the war-land, ’
= WARRIOR = Hákon
the war-land, → SHIELD
the rod of the SHIELD → SWORD
Wielder of the SWORD → WARRIOR = Hákon
margra ‘many’
(not checked:)
2. margr (adj.; °-an): many
landa ‘lands’
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land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land
nýtr ‘beneficial’
(not checked:)
nýtr (adj.; °compar. -ri, superl. nýztr/nýtastr): useful, able
vast ‘you were’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
[7] vast (‘vartv’): ‘vatv’ U
oss ‘to us [me]’
(not checked:)
vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
til ‘until’
(not checked:)
til (prep.): to
elli ‘old age’
(not checked:)
elli (noun f.; °-): old age
dolga ‘of enemies’
(not checked:)
dolgr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar): enemy, battle
kennings
fellir dolga.‘feller of enemies. ’
= WARRIOR
feller of enemies. → WARRIOR
kennings
fellir dolga.‘feller of enemies. ’
= WARRIOR
feller of enemies. → WARRIOR
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Þoll biðk hilmis hylli |
I ask that the fir-tree of green shields [WARRIOR = Snorri] keep the lord’s good grace; the ash-tree of the plank of Hrungnir’s <giant’s> foot-soles [SHIELD > WARRIOR] gained advancement from that. Wielder of the rod of the war-land [SHIELD > SWORD > WARRIOR = Hákon], enjoy many lands until splendid old age; you were beneficial to us [me], feller of enemies [WARRIOR].
The dróttkvætt variant illustrated by the stanza is draugsháttr ‘ghost’s verse-form’ or ‘trunk’s verse-form’. The variation occurs in the even lines and consists of a regularised trochaic pattern (Type A) with three disyllabic long-stemmed words in each line and the first aðalhending fixed in metrical position 1.
The headings are 23 (Tˣ) and ‘Dravgs þáttr’ ‘ghost’s þáttr’ (corrected to ‘Dravgs háttr’, U(47r)). It is unclear what draugsháttr means (draugr translates as ‘ghost’ or ‘tree-trunk’), but in light of the similar pattern in the hrynhent-variant trollsháttr ‘troll’s verse-form’ in st. 63 below, ‘ghost-rhymed’ would appear to be the most likely translation of the term. A closely similar unnamed variant is found in RvHbreiðm Hl 71-2. Trochaic even lines are not uncommon in dróttkvætt stanzas, but they are never used systematically as here. — This is the last stanza devoted solely to the praise of King Hákon Hákonarson. The following stanzas honour Hákon’s father-in-law and regent, Jarl Skúli Bárðarson (sts 31-96/1-4) or both rulers (sts 96/5-8-102).
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