SnSt Ht 19III
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Snorri Sturluson, Háttatal 19’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1124.
Segl ‘The sail’
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segl (noun n.; °-s; -): sail
skekr ‘shakes’
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2. skaka (verb): shake
hlyn ‘the maple-tree’
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hlynr (noun m.; °-s): maple
kennings
hlyn rasta Huglar,‘the maple-tree of Huglo’s currents, ’
= SHIP
Huglo’s currents, → SEA
the maple-tree of the SEA → SHIP
Huglar ‘of Huglo’s’
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Hugl (noun f.): [Huglo]
kennings
hlyn rasta Huglar,‘the maple-tree of Huglo’s currents, ’
= SHIP
Huglo’s currents, → SEA
the maple-tree of the SEA → SHIP
notes
[1] Huglar ‘Huglo’s <island’s>’: An island (f. nom. sg. Hugl) off the coast of Sunnhordland, western Norway (see Note to ESk Lv 8/5).
Huglar ‘of Huglo’s’
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Hugl (noun f.): [Huglo]
kennings
hlyn rasta Huglar,‘the maple-tree of Huglo’s currents, ’
= SHIP
Huglo’s currents, → SEA
the maple-tree of the SEA → SHIP
notes
[1] Huglar ‘Huglo’s <island’s>’: An island (f. nom. sg. Hugl) off the coast of Sunnhordland, western Norway (see Note to ESk Lv 8/5).
hvast ‘speedily’
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hvass (adj.; °-an; -ari, -astr): keen, sharp
drífa ‘move’
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2. drífa (verb; °drífr; dreif, drifu; drifinn): drive, rush
skip ‘ships’
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skip (noun n.; °-s; -): ship
kennings
hlyn rasta Huglar,‘the maple-tree of Huglo’s currents, ’
= SHIP
Huglo’s currents, → SEA
the maple-tree of the SEA → SHIP
notes
[2] rasta (f. gen. pl.) ‘currents’: Altered to rastir (nom. or acc. pl.) ‘paths’ in R (R*).
kennings
hlyn rasta Huglar,‘the maple-tree of Huglo’s currents, ’
= SHIP
Huglo’s currents, → SEA
the maple-tree of the SEA → SHIP
notes
[2] rasta (f. gen. pl.) ‘currents’: Altered to rastir (nom. or acc. pl.) ‘paths’ in R (R*).
en ‘and’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
of ‘around’
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
notes
[3] of gram ‘around the lord’: Skj B places this prepositional phrase in the first clause of the helmingr (so also Konráð Gíslason 1895-7), while SnE 1879-81 takes it with the second clause. In both cases this results in an unprecedented tripartite odd line. The present edn follows Skald and SnE 2007.
gram ‘the lord’
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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
notes
[3] of gram ‘around the lord’: Skj B places this prepositional phrase in the first clause of the helmingr (so also Konráð Gíslason 1895-7), while SnE 1879-81 takes it with the second clause. In both cases this results in an unprecedented tripartite odd line. The present edn follows Skald and SnE 2007.
kennings
Gylli unna;‘the Gyllir of the waves; ’
= SHIP
the Gyllir of the waves; → SHIP
notes
[3] Gylli ‘to the Gyllir <horse>’: A horse otherwise mentioned in Grímnismál (Grí 30/1; see also Þul Hesta 1/1 and Anon Þorgþ I 3/6).
grunn ‘the shallow’
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2. grunnr (adj.; °compar. gryðri): shallow
notes
[4] grunn (adj.) ‘shallow’: Taken here (with Skald) as a n. pl. acc. qualifying skip ‘ships’ (l. 2). Other eds construe it as the first element of a cpd, grunnfǫll ‘shallows’.
djúp ‘the deep’
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djúpr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): deep
hata ‘do damage’
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hata (verb): hate
kennings
Gylli unna;‘the Gyllir of the waves; ’
= SHIP
the Gyllir of the waves; → SHIP
notes
[5] Rán ‘Rán <sea-goddess>’: Wife of Ægir, god of the sea or sea-giant in Old Norse myth, and hence a personification of the sea.
notes
[5] viðr (3rd pers. sg. pres. indic.) ‘does ... give’: The prep. við ‘with, against’ leaves the clause without a verb.
kennings
hafhreinum‘the sea-reindeer; ’
= SHIPS
the sea-reindeer; → SHIPS
hreinum ‘reindeer’
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1. hreinn (noun m.; °; hreinar): reindeer < hafhreinn (noun m.)
[5] ‑hreinum: hanum Tˣ, U(51r), hreini W
kennings
hafhreinum‘the sea-reindeer; ’
= SHIPS
the sea-reindeer; → SHIPS
há ‘the loud’
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3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high < háraustr (adj.)
[6] há‑: haf U(51r)
notes
[6] háraust (f. nom. sg.) ‘the loud-voiced one [= Rán]’: This is taken as the subject of the second clause (so also SnE 1848-87). It could also qualify Rán in the first sentence, leaving the second clause with a suppressed subject (so most earlier eds). See also raustljótar ‘ugly-voiced’ referring to waves in RvHbreiðm Hl 54/6.
raust ‘voiced one [= Rán]’
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-raustr (adj.): -voiced < háraustr (adj.)
notes
[6] háraust (f. nom. sg.) ‘the loud-voiced one [= Rán]’: This is taken as the subject of the second clause (so also SnE 1848-87). It could also qualify Rán in the first sentence, leaving the second clause with a suppressed subject (so most earlier eds). See also raustljótar ‘ugly-voiced’ referring to waves in RvHbreiðm Hl 54/6.
flaustum ‘for the ships’
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flaustr (noun n.): ship
hrǫnn ‘wave’
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hrǫnn (noun f.; °; dat. -um): wave
fyr ‘before’
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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
þunnum ‘the slender’
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þunnr (adj.): slender, thin
heil ‘an unbroken’
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3. heill (adj.; °heilan; compar. heilli, superl. -astr/-str): healthy, hale, hail
klofnar ‘is split’
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klofna (verb): cleave
frið ‘peace’
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friðr (noun m.): peace
deilu ‘strife’
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1. deila (noun f.; °-u; -ur): [strife]
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Segl skekr of hlyn Huglar |
The sail shakes above the maple-tree of Huglo’s <island’s> currents [SEA > SHIP], and the deep breakers around the lord do damage to the Gyllir <horse> of the waves [SHIP]; the shallow ships move speedily. Nor does Rán <sea-goddess> give peace to the sea-reindeer [SHIPS]; the loud-voiced one [= Rán] creates strife for the ships; an unbroken wave is split before the slender hull.
As sts 17-18 above. Lines 4 and 8 contain refhvǫrf.
The headings are .xii. háttr ‘the twelfth verse-form’ (Tˣ) and in .iij. refhvǫrf ‘the third fox-turns’ (U(47r)). According to Snorri (SnE 2007, 13), sts 17-19 illustrate the greater refhvǫrf variants and of these three stanzas, st. 19 contains the smallest amount of refhvǫrf. — The following words contain antitheses: grunn ‘shallow’ : djúp ‘deep’; hata ‘hate’ : unna ‘love’ (taken as an inf. rather than as the noun unna f. gen. pl. ‘of the waves’) (l. 4); heil ‘unbroken’ : klofnar ‘cloven’; frið ‘peace’ : deilu ‘strife’ (l. 8). — [1-4]: Following Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SnE 1848-87, III), Skj B construes grunnfǫll Huglar ‘the shallows of Huglo’, hlyn rasta ‘the maple-tree of currents’ i.e. ‘ship’ and djúp skip ‘the deep ships’ (so also SnE 2007, 13). This creates an unnecessarily convoluted word order (see NN §1303).
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