SnH Lv 1II
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Sneglu-Halli, Lausavísur 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 324-5.
Fœrðr ‘dressed’
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2. fœra (verb): bring
sýndisk ‘showed himself’
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sýna (verb): show, seem
[1] sýndisk: ‘syneztt’ Flat, sýnisk 563aˣ
mér ‘to me’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
frændi ‘The kinsman’
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frændi (noun m.): kinsman, male relative
kennings
Frændi kyns Frísa‘The kinsman of the Frisians’ clan ’
= Túta
The kinsman of the Frisians’ clan → Túta
Frísa ‘of the Frisians’’
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Fríss (noun m.; °; -ir): Frisian
kennings
Frændi kyns Frísa‘The kinsman of the Frisians’ clan ’
= Túta
The kinsman of the Frisians’ clan → Túta
kennings
Frændi kyns Frísa‘The kinsman of the Frisians’ clan ’
= Túta
The kinsman of the Frisians’ clan → Túta
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
brynju ‘a coat of mail’
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1. brynja (noun f.; °-u (dat. brynnoni Gibb 38⁹); -ur): mailcoat
gengr ‘prances’
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2. ganga (verb; geng, gekk, gengu, genginn): walk, go
notes
[3] fyr ‘before’: The Mork variant með ‘among’ is possible but not supported by the other ms. witnesses.
hirð ‘the retinue’
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hirð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir/-ar(FskB 53)): retinue
[3] hirð: kóng 563aˣ
í ‘in a’
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í (prep.): in, into
notes
[3] í hringum ‘in a ring-byrnie’: This was a byrnie made of iron rings that were joined together. Fragments of such armour have been found in Dan. graves (see Falk 1914, 175-6). Haraldr’s byrnie (called Emma) was so long that it reached down to the middle of his calves (see ÍF 28, 188), and Túta the dwarf would certainly have provided quite a sight wearing it. See also Note to Þham Magndr 3/8.
hringum ‘ring-byrnie’
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1. hringr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ar): ring; sword
notes
[3] í hringum ‘in a ring-byrnie’: This was a byrnie made of iron rings that were joined together. Fragments of such armour have been found in Dan. graves (see Falk 1914, 175-6). Haraldr’s byrnie (called Emma) was so long that it reached down to the middle of his calves (see ÍF 28, 188), and Túta the dwarf would certainly have provided quite a sight wearing it. See also Note to Þham Magndr 3/8.
hjalm ‘the helmet-’
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1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet < hjalmfaldinn (adj./verb p.p.): helmet-clad
faldinn ‘clad’
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2. falda (verb): cover, clothe < hjalmfaldinn (adj./verb p.p.): helmet-clad
[4] ‑faldinn: ‑fallinn 593b, ‑falldur 563aˣ
kur ‘’
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kurr (noun m.): °højlydt beklagelse, utilfredshed, protest, brok; folkesnak, rygte, sladder < kurfaldi (noun m.)
[4] kurfaldi: ‘kurualldi’ Flat, ‘kurvalldi’ 593b, ‘Burvalldj’ 563aˣ
faldi ‘dwarf’
[4] kurfaldi: ‘kurualldi’ Flat, ‘kurvalldi’ 593b, ‘Burvalldj’ 563aˣ
Flœrat ‘does not flee’
[5] Flœrat: flýrat Hr, ‘hlyrar’ 593b
eld ‘the kitchen-fire’
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eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
[5] eld í: ‘helldur i’ 593b, eldi 563aˣ
notes
[5] eld ‘the kitchen-fire’: Lit. ‘the fire’. That kitchen-fire is meant, is implied by the derogatory kenning for ‘man’ in l. 8 (see Note to that l. below).
notes
[5] í ári ‘early’: Kock (NN §3222) translates í ári as med det första ‘in a hurry’. However, ár (n.) means ‘early, in the beginning’ (it could also mean ‘year’), and given such phrases as at morgins ári, um morguninn í ár ‘early in the morning’ (see Fritzner: ár), Kock’s interpretation is tenuous. According to Konungs skuggsjá (Holm-Olsen 1983, 57) not hurrying to meet the king in the morning constituted a breach of courtly decorum: Þvi skalltþu oc vænia þec at þu vitia arla um morna konongs hærbærgis aðr en hann se upp staðenn oc vær þu þo þvæginn oc vaskaðr oc buinn allri a(t)giervi oc bið hans ínannd hærbærgi þar til er hann vil hafa upp staðet ‘You must also accustom yourself to visiting the king’s lodging early in the morning before he has got out of bed, and then you must be clean and washed and readied with all your gear. And wait for him close to his lodging until he has got out of bed’.
ári ‘early’
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2. ár (noun n.; °-s; -): year, year’s abundance
notes
[5] í ári ‘early’: Kock (NN §3222) translates í ári as med det första ‘in a hurry’. However, ár (n.) means ‘early, in the beginning’ (it could also mean ‘year’), and given such phrases as at morgins ári, um morguninn í ár ‘early in the morning’ (see Fritzner: ár), Kock’s interpretation is tenuous. According to Konungs skuggsjá (Holm-Olsen 1983, 57) not hurrying to meet the king in the morning constituted a breach of courtly decorum: Þvi skalltþu oc vænia þec at þu vitia arla um morna konongs hærbærgis aðr en hann se upp staðenn oc vær þu þo þvæginn oc vaskaðr oc buinn allri a(t)giervi oc bið hans ínannd hærbærgi þar til er hann vil hafa upp staðet ‘You must also accustom yourself to visiting the king’s lodging early in the morning before he has got out of bed, and then you must be clean and washed and readied with all your gear. And wait for him close to his lodging until he has got out of bed’.
út ‘to furtive’
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út (adv.): out(side) < úthlaup (noun n.): plundering expedition
[6] úthlaupi vanr Túta: ‘uteigdur er Tute’ 563aˣ
hlaupi ‘raids’
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hlaup (noun n.; °-s; -): ?fast-flowing, raid < úthlaup (noun n.): plundering expedition
[6] úthlaupi vanr Túta: ‘uteigdur er Tute’ 563aˣ
vanr ‘accustomed’
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3. vanr (adj.): accustomed
[6] úthlaupi vanr Túta: ‘uteigdur er Tute’ 563aˣ; vanr: valr Hr
sék ‘I see’
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2. sjá (verb): see
á ‘by’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
síðu ‘the side’
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1. síða (noun f.; °-u; -ur): side
leika ‘dangling’
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3. leika (verb): play
sverð ‘a sword’
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sverð (noun n.; °-s; -): sword
[8] sverð rúghleifa skerði: sverð ok hleifa skerði 563aˣ
rúghleifa ‘of rye-loaves’
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rughleifr (noun m.)
[8] sverð rúghleifa skerði: sverð ok hleifa skerði 563aˣ
kennings
skerði rúghleifa.‘of the cleaver of rye-loaves.’
= MAN
the cleaver of rye-loaves. → MAN
notes
[8] skerði rúghleifa ‘the cleaver of rye-loaves [MAN]’: This is a derogatory term for ‘man’ modelled on such kennings as skerðir hringa ‘cleaver of rings’ i.e. ‘generous man’.
skerði ‘of the cleaver’
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skerðir (noun m.): diminisher
[8] sverð rúghleifa skerði: sverð ok hleifa skerði 563aˣ; skerði: skerðir 593b
kennings
skerði rúghleifa.‘of the cleaver of rye-loaves.’
= MAN
the cleaver of rye-loaves. → MAN
notes
[8] skerði rúghleifa ‘the cleaver of rye-loaves [MAN]’: This is a derogatory term for ‘man’ modelled on such kennings as skerðir hringa ‘cleaver of rings’ i.e. ‘generous man’.
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Fœrðr sýndisk mér frændi |
The kinsman of the Frisians’ clan [= Túta] showed himself to me dressed in a coat of mail; the helmet-clad dwarf prances before the retinue in a ring-byrnie. Túta, accustomed to furtive raids, does not flee the kitchen-fire early; I see a sword dangling by the side of the cleaver of rye-loaves [MAN].
Halli responds to King Haraldr’s challenge to compose a st. about Túta, a Frisian dwarf, who on this occasion parades before the retinue wearing Haraldr’s byrnie and weapons.
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