Skúli Svǫlðr 1^III

Vakik ‘I wake up’

(not checked:)
4. vaka (verb): awaken

[1] Vakik (‘Vaki ec’): Vakisk U, Vek ek C

notes

[1] vakik ‘I wake up’: For vakik in the sense ‘I wake up, I awaken’, see Anon Bjark 1/5 (vaki ‘wake’, imp.).

þars ‘where’

(not checked:)
þars (conj.): where

[1] þars (‘þar er’): þat er A, B

notes

[1] þars leizk ekka vel ‘where sorrow thrived’: Lit. ‘where it seemed good to sorrow’; leizk is 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of lítask ‘look, seem, appear’ with ekka ‘sorrow’ as the dat. object in an impersonal construction. The last three words in l. 1 are corrupt in several mss. Skj B follows C but emends ms. ‘hellz’ to heltk and vel ‘well’ to val ‘falcon’, giving þats heltk val víðis gallópnis vel ‘that I fed the falcon of the sea of the eagle [BLOOD > RAVEN/EAGLE] well’. Kock suggests Vakðak velleiðs ekka ‘I woke sorrow of the gold-isthmus [SHIELD > BATTLE]’, but the shield-kenning is not convincing.

vel ‘’

(not checked:)
vel (adv.): well, very

[1] vel leizk (‘vel læiz’): so A, ‘velleiz’ R, ‘vell eiz’ Tˣ, ‘vellis’ U, ‘vel le᷎zt’ B, ‘vel hellz’ C

notes

[1] þars leizk ekka vel ‘where sorrow thrived’: Lit. ‘where it seemed good to sorrow’; leizk is 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of lítask ‘look, seem, appear’ with ekka ‘sorrow’ as the dat. object in an impersonal construction. The last three words in l. 1 are corrupt in several mss. Skj B follows C but emends ms. ‘hellz’ to heltk and vel ‘well’ to val ‘falcon’, giving þats heltk val víðis gallópnis vel ‘that I fed the falcon of the sea of the eagle [BLOOD > RAVEN/EAGLE] well’. Kock suggests Vakðak velleiðs ekka ‘I woke sorrow of the gold-isthmus [SHIELD > BATTLE]’, but the shield-kenning is not convincing.

leizk ‘thrived’

(not checked:)
leita (verb): seek, look for, attack

[1] vel leizk (‘vel læiz’): so A, ‘velleiz’ R, ‘vell eiz’ Tˣ, ‘vellis’ U, ‘vel le᷎zt’ B, ‘vel hellz’ C

notes

[1] þars leizk ekka vel ‘where sorrow thrived’: Lit. ‘where it seemed good to sorrow’; leizk is 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of lítask ‘look, seem, appear’ with ekka ‘sorrow’ as the dat. object in an impersonal construction. The last three words in l. 1 are corrupt in several mss. Skj B follows C but emends ms. ‘hellz’ to heltk and vel ‘well’ to val ‘falcon’, giving þats heltk val víðis gallópnis vel ‘that I fed the falcon of the sea of the eagle [BLOOD > RAVEN/EAGLE] well’. Kock suggests Vakðak velleiðs ekka ‘I woke sorrow of the gold-isthmus [SHIELD > BATTLE]’, but the shield-kenning is not convincing.

ekka ‘sorrow’

(not checked:)
1. ekki (noun m.; °-a): sorrow

[1] ekka: ekla U, eika A, B

notes

[1] þars leizk ekka vel ‘where sorrow thrived’: Lit. ‘where it seemed good to sorrow’; leizk is 3rd pers. sg. pret. indic. of lítask ‘look, seem, appear’ with ekka ‘sorrow’ as the dat. object in an impersonal construction. The last three words in l. 1 are corrupt in several mss. Skj B follows C but emends ms. ‘hellz’ to heltk and vel ‘well’ to val ‘falcon’, giving þats heltk val víðis gallópnis vel ‘that I fed the falcon of the sea of the eagle [BLOOD > RAVEN/EAGLE] well’. Kock suggests Vakðak velleiðs ekka ‘I woke sorrow of the gold-isthmus [SHIELD > BATTLE]’, but the shield-kenning is not convincing.

víðis ‘of the ocean’

(not checked:)
víðir (noun m.): ocean

kennings

áðr ‘earlier’

(not checked:)
áðr (adv.; °//): before

[2] áðr: ár C

ok ‘and’

(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

síðan ‘afterwards’

(not checked:)
síðan (adv.): later, then

greppr ‘the poet’

(not checked:)
greppr (noun m.; °; -ar): poet, man

[3] greppr: grepp U, greip C

notes

[3, 4] þá hlýðir greppr vel góðu spjalli ‘then the poet listens well to the good tale’: Skj B follows C for hlýði (3rd pers. sg. pres. subj.) and A for því (n. dat. sg.) and emends greppr (nom.) to grepps (gen.): hlýði því góðu spjalli grepps ‘may [people] listen to that good tale of the poet’.

hlýðir ‘listens’

(not checked:)
2. hlýða (verb): hear, listen; be able

[3] hlýðir: heyrir U, hlýði C

notes

[3, 4] þá hlýðir greppr vel góðu spjalli ‘then the poet listens well to the good tale’: Skj B follows C for hlýði (3rd pers. sg. pres. subj.) and A for því (n. dat. sg.) and emends greppr (nom.) to grepps (gen.): hlýði því góðu spjalli grepps ‘may [people] listen to that good tale of the poet’.

þá ‘then’

(not checked:)
2. þá (adv.): then

[3] þá: ‘þ[…]’ U, því A, þar C

notes

[3, 4] þá hlýðir greppr vel góðu spjalli ‘then the poet listens well to the good tale’: Skj B follows C for hlýði (3rd pers. sg. pres. subj.) and A for því (n. dat. sg.) and emends greppr (nom.) to grepps (gen.): hlýði því góðu spjalli grepps ‘may [people] listen to that good tale of the poet’.

góðu ‘to the good’

(not checked:)
góðr (adj.): good

[3] góðu: góðum U

notes

[3, 4] þá hlýðir greppr vel góðu spjalli ‘then the poet listens well to the good tale’: Skj B follows C for hlýði (3rd pers. sg. pres. subj.) and A for því (n. dat. sg.) and emends greppr (nom.) to grepps (gen.): hlýði því góðu spjalli grepps ‘may [people] listen to that good tale of the poet’.

gall ‘’

(not checked:)
2. gjallr (adj.): resounding < gallópnir (noun m.)

kennings

notes

[4] gallópnis ‘of the eagle’: Lit. ‘of the shrill-crier’. An eagle-heiti, from gallr ‘ringing, resounding’ (a variant of gjallr) and ópnir ‘crier’ (AEW: gallr). It also appears in Eil Þdr 3/6, 7 by tmesis (i. e. as gall- and ‑ópnis), and in the þulur. For a discussion, see Note to Þul Ara 1/1.

ópnis ‘of the eagle’

(not checked:)
ópnir (noun m.): [crier, eagle] < gallópnir (noun m.)

[4] ‑ópnis: so Tˣ, A, C, ‘‑opns’ R, ‘ofnis’ U, ‘ofniss’ B

kennings

notes

[4] gallópnis ‘of the eagle’: Lit. ‘of the shrill-crier’. An eagle-heiti, from gallr ‘ringing, resounding’ (a variant of gjallr) and ópnir ‘crier’ (AEW: gallr). It also appears in Eil Þdr 3/6, 7 by tmesis (i. e. as gall- and ‑ópnis), and in the þulur. For a discussion, see Note to Þul Ara 1/1.

vel ‘well’

(not checked:)
vel (adv.): well, very

notes

[3, 4] þá hlýðir greppr vel góðu spjalli ‘then the poet listens well to the good tale’: Skj B follows C for hlýði (3rd pers. sg. pres. subj.) and A for því (n. dat. sg.) and emends greppr (nom.) to grepps (gen.): hlýði því góðu spjalli grepps ‘may [people] listen to that good tale of the poet’. — [4] vel ‘well’: The repetition of this word (cf. l. 1) is perhaps clumsy, and Faulkes (SnE 1998, I, 146) proposes emendation to val, dat. sg. of valr ‘falcon’. The alternative construal he proposes is, however, metrically suspect as it involves tripartition of an odd A-line. Alternative interpretations are still less satisfactory, involving as they do either more extensive emendation (Skj B) or the postulation of implausible kennings (Skald).

vel ‘well’

(not checked:)
vel (adv.): well, very

notes

[3, 4] þá hlýðir greppr vel góðu spjalli ‘then the poet listens well to the good tale’: Skj B follows C for hlýði (3rd pers. sg. pres. subj.) and A for því (n. dat. sg.) and emends greppr (nom.) to grepps (gen.): hlýði því góðu spjalli grepps ‘may [people] listen to that good tale of the poet’. — [4] vel ‘well’: The repetition of this word (cf. l. 1) is perhaps clumsy, and Faulkes (SnE 1998, I, 146) proposes emendation to val, dat. sg. of valr ‘falcon’. The alternative construal he proposes is, however, metrically suspect as it involves tripartition of an odd A-line. Alternative interpretations are still less satisfactory, involving as they do either more extensive emendation (Skj B) or the postulation of implausible kennings (Skald).

spjalli ‘tale’

(not checked:)
1. spjall (noun n.): story

[4] spjalli: spjalla C

notes

[3, 4] þá hlýðir greppr vel góðu spjalli ‘then the poet listens well to the good tale’: Skj B follows C for hlýði (3rd pers. sg. pres. subj.) and A for því (n. dat. sg.) and emends greppr (nom.) to grepps (gen.): hlýði því góðu spjalli grepps ‘may [people] listen to that good tale of the poet’.