Sigv Nesv 2I
Russell Poole (ed.) 2012, ‘Sigvatr Þórðarson, Nesjavísur 2’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 559.
veittu ‘’
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2. veita (verb): grant, give
soc(h) ‘’
notes
[1] sókn; sótti ‘onslaught; advanced’: Sigvatr juxtaposes etymologically related words, a device found elsewhere in skaldic poetry and reminiscent of the figura etymologica of classical rhetoric. Another instance occurs, similarly positioned, in st. 3/1.
þá ‘’
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2. þá (adv.): then
sætti ‘’
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sætta (verb): reconcile, settle
soti ‘’
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sót (noun n.): soot
notes
[1] sókn; sótti ‘onslaught; advanced’: Sigvatr juxtaposes etymologically related words, a device found elsewhere in skaldic poetry and reminiscent of the figura etymologica of classical rhetoric. Another instance occurs, similarly positioned, in st. 3/1.
siklingum ‘’
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siklingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
fírrum ‘’
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1. fyrri (adj. comp.; °superl. fyrstr): first
mikka ‘’
blóð ‘blood’
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blóð (noun n.; °-s): blood
notes
[3] blóð fell ‘blood fell’: Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901, IV) notes the anticipation of events to be described more fully in the subsequent narrative.
fell ‘fell’
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falla (verb): fall
notes
[3] blóð fell ‘blood fell’: Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901, IV) notes the anticipation of events to be described more fully in the subsequent narrative.
rǫtt ‘’
í ‘’
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í (prep.): in, into
rjóða ‘’
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rjóða (verb): to redden
rauða ‘’
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rauðr (adj.; °compar. -ari): red
roðna ‘’
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rjóða (verb): to redden
Róða ‘of Róði’
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Róða (noun f.): [Róði]
[3] Róða: rauða papp18ˣ, 972ˣ, 325VI, 321ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 68, 325V, rjóða 61, roðna Flat, Tóm
kennings
rein Róða.‘the strip of land of Róði. ’
= SEA
the strip of land of Róði. → SEA
notes
[3-4] rein Róða ‘the strip of land of Róði <sea-king> [SEA]’: The variant readings in the mss of Nesv suggest that the heiti Róði had become obscure. In the þulur (Þul Sækonunga 3/7III, Þul Sea-kings 1/5III), Róði is listed as a sea-king (cf. LP: 1. Róði) but perhaps as an ex post facto rationalisation of a poorly understood word for ‘tempest, storm, the deep’ that enters into various idioms (Fritzner: róði; cf. Jón Skaptason 1983, 231).
reini ‘’
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reinir (noun m.): (skibs) drift (for vinden)
kennings
rein Róða.‘the strip of land of Róði. ’
= SEA
the strip of land of Róði. → SEA
notes
[3-4] rein Róða ‘the strip of land of Róði <sea-king> [SEA]’: The variant readings in the mss of Nesv suggest that the heiti Róði had become obscure. In the þulur (Þul Sækonunga 3/7III, Þul Sea-kings 1/5III), Róði is listed as a sea-king (cf. LP: 1. Róði) but perhaps as an ex post facto rationalisation of a poorly understood word for ‘tempest, storm, the deep’ that enters into various idioms (Fritzner: róði; cf. Jón Skaptason 1983, 231).
í ‘into’
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í (prep.): in, into
hǫfn ‘harbour’
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1. hǫfn (noun f.; °hafnar; hafnir(/hafnar(Streng 234³²)): haven, harbour
notes
[4] hǫfn ‘the harbour’: Nesjar, the site of the battle, comprises the headlands between Langesundsfjorden and Tønsbergfjorden in Vestfold. The battle has been located off the present-day Brunlanes peninsula, perhaps in or near the harbour of Nevlunghavn (Johnsen 1916, 37-8; Krag 2003b, 193).
at ‘against’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
svein ‘’
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sveinn (noun m.; °sveins; sveinar): boy, servant, attendant
snallr ‘’
Snjallr ‘The brave’
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snjallr (adj.): quick, resourceful, bold
[5] Snjallr: ‘snallr’ R686ˣ, J1ˣ
helt ‘steered’
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halda (verb): hold, keep
þar ‘’
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þar (adv.): there
sás ‘who’
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sás (conj.): the one who
[5] sás (‘sa er’): þar er Holm2, R686ˣ, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 321ˣ, 73aˣ, 78aˣ
ollu ‘’
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valda (verb): cause
eir ‘relent’
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eir (noun f.): mercy < eirlauss (adj.): ruthlessly
laust ‘lessly’
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lauss (adj.; °compar. lausari): loose, free, without < eirlauss (adj.): ruthlessly
þeira ‘their’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
[6] konungr þeira: om. 78aˣ
en ‘and’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
sveinn ‘’
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sveinn (noun m.; °sveins; sveinar): boy, servant, attendant
síðar ‘’
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2. síð (adv.): late
er ‘’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
lið ‘’
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lið (noun n.; °-s; -): retinue, troop
liðar ‘supporters’
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lið (noun n.; °-s; -): retinue, troop
[7] liðar: síðar 325V, lið er Flat
sǫnnu ‘’
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2. sannr (adj.; °-an; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): true
sunnum ‘’
sínu ‘’
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
sýnum ‘’
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sýnn (adj.): visible
sǫnnu ‘’
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2. sannr (adj.; °-an; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): true
at ‘’
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3. at (prep.): at, to
sínum ‘his’
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
[7] sínum: sýnum Holm2, sínu 325V, sunnum 325VII, at sǫnnu Flat, sǫnnu Tóm
notes
[7] sínum ‘with his [ships]’: (a) The syntax assumed here and in ÍF 27 is highly compressed, with skipum left tacit (clarified by skip in the final line of the helmingr), evidently confusing some copyists but nevertheless fully compatible with Sigvatr’s idiom (cf. st. 1/6, interpretation (c)). (b) Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901, IV; Skj B; followed in Skald) avoids complex syntax by opting for the (poorly supported) reading sýnum, which he takes with fundi in the sense of ‘overt, unavoidable’.
sam ‘’
notes
[8] bundu skip saman ‘tied the ships together’: Sea-battles were fought similarly to land-battles, with the combatants able to pursue the enemy from one ship to another (cf. Jesch 2001a, 211).
bundusk ‘’
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binda (verb; °bindr; batt/bant(cf. [$332$]), bundu; bundinn): bind, tie < sambinda (verb)
bundu ‘tied’
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binda (verb; °bindr; batt/bant(cf. [$332$]), bundu; bundinn): bind, tie
[8] bundu: so 73aˣ, 68, 61, Flat, Tóm, bundusk Kˣ, papp18ˣ, Holm2, R686ˣ, 972ˣ, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VI, 321ˣ, 78aˣ, Holm4, 325V, 325VII, Bb
notes
[8] bundu skip saman ‘tied the ships together’: Sea-battles were fought similarly to land-battles, with the combatants able to pursue the enemy from one ship to another (cf. Jesch 2001a, 211).
lið ‘’
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lið (noun n.; °-s; -): retinue, troop
notes
[8] bundu skip saman ‘tied the ships together’: Sea-battles were fought similarly to land-battles, with the combatants able to pursue the enemy from one ship to another (cf. Jesch 2001a, 211).
sundi ‘’
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sund (noun n.; °-s; -): sound, strait; swimming
fundi ‘encounter’
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fundr (noun m.): discovery, meeting
[8] fundi: sundi 325VII, Flat, Tóm
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
This occurs in ÓH-Hkr as the first stanza cited from Nesv. The king’s preparations are described, including the arming of his men and the saying of the devotional Hours, followed by a bald statement that the battle commenced.
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