Sigvatr Þórðarson, Erfidrápa Óláfs helga 10

Judith Jesch

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Sigv ErfÓl 10^I

Judith Jesch (ed.) 2012, ‘Sigvatr Þórðarson, Erfidrápa Óláfs helga 10’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 677.

Sigvatr Þórðarson Erfidrápa Óláfs helga

9 10 11

Vítt ‘Far and wide’

(not checked:)
víðr (adj.): far

[1] Vítt: ‘vętt’ 73aˣ, víð Tóm

notes

[1] vítt ‘far and wide’: I.e. the field was crowded with warriors. Finnur Jónsson (Hkr 1893-1901, IV) interprets this as referring to the broad valley of Værdal in which Stiklestad lies, as seen by those coming across the mountains, and makes a link to the prose of ÓHHkr chs 202-3 (ÍF 27, 351-3).

vas ‘was’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

[1] vas (‘var’): varð 321ˣ, er 61, Flat, Tóm

[2] frið‑: fjǫr‑ 321ˣ, Holm4

bann ‘on peace’

(not checked:)
bann (noun n.; °-s; *-): ban < friðbann (noun n.): [to a peace-ban]

vas ‘there was’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

þar ‘there’

(not checked:)
þar (adv.): there

[2] þar: þat J2ˣ, 321ˣ, Holm4, 61, 325V, 325VII

mǫnnum ‘of men’

(not checked:)
maðr (noun m.): man, person

[2] mǫnnum: manna J2ˣ

þá ‘then’

(not checked:)
2. þá (adv.): then

réð ‘’

(not checked:)
ráða (verb): advise, rule, interpret, decide

[3] réð: reið 325V

í ‘into’

(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into

bǫð ‘battle’

(not checked:)
bǫð (noun f.; °-s; -): battle

bráða ‘violent’

(not checked:)
bráðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): quick(ly)

[3] bráða: breiða J2ˣ, 321ˣ, brakka Tóm

brynjat ‘the mail-shirted’

(not checked:)
2. brynja (verb; °-að-): armour

folk ‘army’

(not checked:)
folk (noun n.): people

at ‘’

(not checked:)
5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)

dynja ‘roared’

(not checked:)
dynja (verb; °dunði): resound

þás ‘when’

(not checked:)
þás (conj.): when

[5] þás (‘þa er’): þar er J2ˣ

árliga ‘quickly’

(not checked:)
árliga (adv.): [quickly]

[5] árliga: ǫrliga 321ˣ, árlæga with olm, a blank space and ir above line 325VII

notes

[5] árliga ‘quickly’: The adv. could alternatively mean ‘early’ or ‘in the morning’ (so Skj B).

ærir ‘the envoys’

(not checked:)
1. árr (noun m.; °dat. ár; ǽrir/árar, acc. áru): messenger

[5] ærir: ǫrvar 61, ærit Flat

kennings

ærir alms
‘the envoys of the elm-bow ’
= WARRIORS
the envoys of the elm-bow → WARRIORS

notes

[5-6] ærir alms ‘the envoys of the elm-bow [WARRIORS]’: The only complete surviving Viking Age bow is made of yew (Graham-Campbell 1980, 74, 251; see also st. 23/2 below), but elm and ash may also have been used (Solberg 1993, 719).

alms ‘of the elm-bow’

(not checked:)
almr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): bow, elm-bow

[6] alms: almr 61

kennings

ærir alms
‘the envoys of the elm-bow ’
= WARRIORS
the envoys of the elm-bow → WARRIORS

notes

með ‘with’

(not checked:)
með (prep.): with

bjarta ‘bright’

(not checked:)
bjartr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): bright

hjalma ‘helmets’

(not checked:)
1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet

mikill ‘a great’

(not checked:)
mikill (adj.; °mikinn): great, large

[7] mikill: mikit 61, Tóm

kennings

mikill stálgustr
‘a great steel-gust ’
= BATTLE
a great steel-gust → BATTLE

varð ‘came about’

(not checked:)
1. verða (verb): become, be

[7] varð: var Holm2

á ‘at’

(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at

stað ‘stad’

(not checked:)
1. staðr (noun m.; °-ar/-s; -ir): place

[7] ‑stað: ‘stat’ Holm2

notes

[7] Stiklarstað ‘Stiklestad’: Rygh et al. (1897-1936, XV, 122) suggest that this is the original form of the name, though forms without <r> appear from an early stage; see also Note to Þorm Lv 23/3-4. The p. n. is fitted into the metrical lines by mild tmesis, involving reversal of the elements, as also in BjHall Kálffl 5/5; see also Kuhn (1983, 112) and Note to ESk Geisl 17/1, 2^VII .

Stiklar ‘Stikle’

(not checked:)
stikill (noun m.; °dat. stikli; stiklar): (Stikle-)

[7] Stiklar‑: so J2ˣ, 325VII, Stikla Kˣ, Holm2, 73aˣ, Holm4, 61, 325V, Flat, Tóm

notes

stál ‘steel’

(not checked:)
1. stál (noun n.; °-s; -): steel, weapon, prow < stálgustr (noun m.): [steel-gust]

[8] stálgustr: stálgustr er Flat

kennings

mikill stálgustr
‘a great steel-gust ’
= BATTLE
a great steel-gust → BATTLE

gustr ‘gust’

(not checked:)
gustr (noun m.): gust < stálgustr (noun m.): [steel-gust]

[8] stálgustr: stálgustr er Flat

kennings

mikill stálgustr
‘a great steel-gust ’
= BATTLE
a great steel-gust → BATTLE

ofan ‘down’

(not checked:)
ofan (adv.): down

notes

[8] ofan ‘down’: According to Hkr (ÍF 27, 378), Óláfr’s forces were positioned on a certain small hill (hæð nǫkkur).

þustu ‘rushed’

(not checked:)
þysja (verb): [rushed]

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

verse
prose

At the time of the solar eclipse (see st. 15), King Óláfr’s troop attack their opponents so fiercely that they nearly break their formation and many are ready to flee, but the lendir menn ‘landed men’ and their followers stand fast.

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Sigv ErfÓl 10I

Vítt ‘Far and wide’

notes

vas ‘was’

fold ‘the ground’

und ‘under’

fótum ‘the feet’

frið ‘a ban’

bann ‘on peace’

vas ‘there was’

þar ‘there’

mǫnnum ‘of men’

þá ‘then’

réð ‘’

í ‘into’

bǫð ‘battle’

bráða ‘violent’

brynjat ‘the mail-shirted’

folk ‘army’

at ‘’

dynja ‘roared’

þás ‘when’

árliga ‘quickly’

notes

ærir ‘the envoys’

kennings

notes

alms ‘of the elm-bow’

kennings

notes

með ‘with’

bjarta ‘bright’

hjalma ‘helmets’

mikill ‘a great’

kennings

varð ‘came about’

á ‘at’

stað ‘stad’

notes

Stiklar ‘Stikle’

notes

stál ‘steel’

kennings

gustr ‘gust’

kennings

ofan ‘down’

notes

þustu ‘rushed’

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Sigv ErfÓl 10^I