Sigv Austv 18I
R. D. Fulk (ed.) 2012, ‘Sigvatr Þórðarson, Austrfararvísur 18’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 608.
Þik ‘you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
ek ‘’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
bað ‘bade’
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biðja (verb; °biðr; bað, báðu; beðinn (beiþ- Martin¹ 573, bỏþ- HákEirsp 661, cf. ed. intr. xl)): ask for, order, pray
[1] bað: bið ek Flat, Tóm
stála ‘’
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1. stál (noun n.; °-s; -): steel, weapon, prow
kennings
søkkvir sólar Rínar,‘sinker of the sun of the Rhine, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the sun of the Rhine, → GOLD
sinker of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
kennings
søkkvir sólar Rínar,‘sinker of the sun of the Rhine, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the sun of the Rhine, → GOLD
sinker of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
kvís ‘’
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2. kvis (noun n.)
sok ‘’
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sǫk (noun f.; °sakar; sakar/sakir): cause, offence
sokkiur ‘’
sóknar ‘’
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sókn (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): attack, fight
støkkvir ‘’
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støkkvir (noun m.): dispenser, flinger
søkkvir ‘sinker’
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søkkvir (noun m.): [sinker, enemy]
[1] søkkvir: ‘sokkiur’ R686ˣ, støkkvir 61, sóknar Tóm, ‘sok kvís’ Bb
kennings
søkkvir sólar Rínar,‘sinker of the sun of the Rhine, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the sun of the Rhine, → GOLD
sinker of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
sín ‘’
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
sínn ‘of his’
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
[2] sínn: sín 325V, 972ˣ(180va), 73aˣ, 61, Holm4, 325VII, Flat, Tóm
notes
[2] sínn ‘his’: On the retention of the long vowel, as demonstrated by the hending, see Note to Sigv Lv 3/4.
haldit ‘’
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halda (verb): hold, keep
haldin ‘’
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halda (verb): hold, keep
halda ‘treat’
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halda (verb): hold, keep
[2] halda: haldit haldit Holm4, haldin 325VII, Flat, Tóm
vel ‘well’
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vel (adv.): well, very
rina ‘’
kennings
søkkvir sólar Rínar,‘sinker of the sun of the Rhine, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the sun of the Rhine, → GOLD
sinker of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
kennings
søkkvir sólar Rínar,‘sinker of the sun of the Rhine, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the sun of the Rhine, → GOLD
sinker of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN
hverr ‘’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
hringat ‘’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
arna ‘’
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árna (verb; °-að-): gain, travel
þarnnar ‘’
hús ‘house’
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hús (noun n.; °-s; -): house < húskarl (noun m.): retainer
notes
[4] húskarl ‘housecarl’: Húskarl (cf. OE husceorl) originally referred to a member of the bodyguard or household troop of a ruler or nobleman, and that is doubtless the sense here, though it came to refer to lesser servants (see also Note to Okík Magn 2/6II).
karla ‘’
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karl (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): (old) man
karl ‘carl’
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karl (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): (old) man < húskarl (noun m.): retainer
[4] ‑karl: ‑karla Flat
notes
[4] húskarl ‘housecarl’: Húskarl (cf. OE husceorl) originally referred to a member of the bodyguard or household troop of a ruler or nobleman, and that is doubtless the sense here, though it came to refer to lesser servants (see also Note to Okík Magn 2/6II).
nefi ‘The kinsman’
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nefi (noun m.; °-a): nephew
kennings
Nefi jarla‘The kinsman of jarls ’
= JARL = ? Rǫgnvaldr
The kinsman of jarls → JARL = ? Rǫgnvaldr
jarlar ‘’
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jarl (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): poet, earl
jarla ‘of jarls’
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jarl (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): poet, earl
[4] jarla: jarlar 75a, 73aˣ, Flat
kennings
Nefi jarla‘The kinsman of jarls ’
= JARL = ? Rǫgnvaldr
The kinsman of jarls → JARL = ? Rǫgnvaldr
hvern ‘’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
hverr ‘each’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
[5] hverrs (‘hverr er’): hvern er R686ˣ, 75a, hverr 73aˣ, Holm4, Flat
s ‘who’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
[5] hverrs (‘hverr er’): hvern er R686ˣ, 75a, hverr 73aˣ, Holm4, Flat
austr ‘east’
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3. austr (adv.; °compar. -ar, superl. -ast): east, in the east
vill ‘wishes’
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vilja (verb): want, intend
nenna ‘’
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nenna (verb): strive, be inclined
sína ‘’
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3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
sinna ‘to travel’
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2. sinna (verb): travel
[5] sinna: sína 325V, R686ˣ, Flat, Tóm, nenna 73aˣ
allvíst ‘’
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allvíss (adj.): [altogether true]
jam ‘’
jafn ‘’
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jafn (adj.; °comp. -ari, superl. -astr): even, just
jafnvíst ‘equally certain’
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jafnvíss (adj.): [equally certain]
[6] jafnvíst es (‘iafnvist er’): allvíst er 75a, 73aˣ, jafn vistir Flat, jafnmælt er FskBˣ, ‘jam mætt er’ FskAˣ
notes
[6] jafnvíst ‘equally certain’: Although the comparison is not obvious (since the first helmingr contains a petition rather than a statement), the sense appears to be that if Óláfr grants the request for good treatment in the first helmingr, the promise of the second is assured. The normal long vowel in víst is retained here. Alternatively, short vist could be indicated by the aðalhending on List- (see further LP: víss and cf. Kuhn 1983, 80-2).
mætt ‘’
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mætr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -astr): honoured, respected
vistir ‘’
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vist (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): abode, lodging, provisions
es ‘is’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
[6] jafnvíst es (‘iafnvist er’): allvíst er 75a, 73aˣ, jafn vistir Flat, jafnmælt er FskBˣ, ‘jam mætt er’ FskAˣ
þar ‘’
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þar (adv.): there
þat ‘that’
[6] þat: þar R686ˣ
stafni ‘’
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stafn (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): prow
kennings
þengill Lista,‘prince of Lista, ’
= NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
prince of Lista, → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
notes
[6] Lista ‘of Lista’: Gen. sg. of ON Listi, ModNorw Lista, the name of a peninsula in Vest-Agder (cf. st. 9/6). Noreen (1923, 41) suggested instead gen. pl. of an unattested *Listir ‘resident of Lista’.
þengill ‘prince’
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þengill (noun m.): prince, ruler
kennings
þengill Lista,‘prince of Lista, ’
= NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
prince of Lista, → NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr
himna ‘’
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himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky
þínna ‘of your’
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þinn (pron.; °f. þín, n. þitt): your
[7] þínna: þínna or þenna Holm2, himna 325VI
drenþar ‘’
drengja ‘good fellows’
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drengr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir, gen. -ja): man, warrior
[7, 8] drengja þar: ‘drenþar’ R686ˣ
er ‘’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
á ‘will have’
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2. eiga (verb; °á/eigr (præs. pl. 3. pers. eigu/eiga); átti, áttu; átt): own, have
[8] á: er 75a, 73aˣ
hald ‘support’
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hald (noun n.; °-s; *-): support
undir ‘’
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undir (prep.): under
með ‘’
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með (prep.): with
Rǫgn ‘Rǫgn’
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rǫgn (noun n.): the gods (in names) < Rǫgnvaldr (noun m.): Rǫgnvaldr
valdi ‘valdr’
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valdr (noun m.): ruler < Rǫgnvaldr (noun m.): Rǫgnvaldr
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
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Þik bað, sólar søkkvir, |
The kinsman of jarls [JARL = ? Rǫgnvaldr] bade you, sinker of the sun of the Rhine [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN], treat well each housecarl of his who wanders this way. And each of your good fellows who wishes to travel east, prince of Lista [NORWEGIAN KING = Óláfr], will have support there from Rǫgnvaldr; that is equally certain.
In ÓH and Hkr, as for st. 17. In Fsk (where sts 18/1-4 and 21/5-8 comprise a stanza), Sigvatr is said to have composed the vísa upon his return from a visit, commissioned by King Óláfr, with Rǫgnvaldr jarl in Garðar (north-west Russia).
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