Sigv Austv 11I
R. D. Fulk (ed.) 2012, ‘Sigvatr Þórðarson, Austrfararvísur 11’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 599.
Jór ‘steed’
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jór (noun m.): stallion, steed
rinnir ‘’
skioro ‘’
skætu ‘’
skœrur ‘’
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1. skœra (noun f.; °; -ur): fight, conflict < aftanskæra (noun f.)
skœru ‘’
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1. skœra (noun f.; °; -ur): fight, conflict
[1] ‑skœru: ‘skioro’ R686ˣ, ‑skœrur 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 61, Holm4, ‘skætu’ Tóm
all ‘[My] famished’
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all- ((prefix)): very < allsvangr (adj.)all- ((prefix)): very < allstrangr (adj.): [very strong]
strangr ‘’
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strangr (adj.): strong < allstrangr (adj.): [very strong]
gǫtur ‘tracks’
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gata (noun f.): path, road
langar ‘on the long’
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langr (adj.; °compar. lengri, superl. lengstr): long
uollka ‘’
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volka (verb; vb. )
vǫll ‘the ground’
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vǫllr (noun m.; °vallar, dat. velli; vellir acc. vǫllu/velli): plain, field
[3] vǫll kná: ‘uollka’ corrected from ‘uollkar’ R686ˣ
kná ‘can’
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knega (verb): to know, understand, be able to
[3] vǫll kná: ‘uollka’ corrected from ‘uollkar’ R686ˣ
hóf ‘’
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1. hóf (noun n.; °-s; -): court, temple
ho᷎fr ‘’
hófr ‘the hoof’
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hófr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): hoof
[3] hófr: hóf 325VI, 75a, 78aˣ, ‘ho᷎fr’ 73aˣ
til ‘on the way to’
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til (prep.): to
hallar ‘the hall’
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1. hǫll (noun f.; °hallar, dat. -u/-; hallir): hall
hǫfum ‘we have’
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hafa (verb): have
lítin ‘’
lítinn ‘little’
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lítill (adj.; °lítinn): little
[4] lítinn: so 325V, 325VI, 75a, 73aˣ, 78aˣ, 68, 61, Holm4, 75c, 325VII, Flat, Kˣ, lítin Holm2, 972ˣ, Tóm, Bb, ‘litt[…]’ R686ˣ
dag ‘daylight’
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dagr (noun m.; °-s, dat. degi/dag/dagi(Thom¹ 332¹n.); -ar): day
slíta ‘tear’
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slíta (verb): to tear
Nús ‘Now’
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nú (adv.): now
þats ‘it is that’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
[5] þats (‘þat er’): þat 325VI, 78aˣ, Tóm
blakr ‘’
enn ‘’
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2. enn (adv.): still, yet, again
bleki ‘’
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blek (noun n.; °-s, dat. -i/-): °ink
bælki ‘’
bekki ‘streams’
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2. bekkr (noun m.; °-jar/-s, dat. -/-i; -ir): spring
[5] bekki: bleki R686ˣ, ‘bælki’ Tóm
berer ‘’
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berir (noun m.)
bar ‘’
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
berr ‘carries’
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
[6] berr: ‘berer’ R686ˣ, bar 78aˣ
mik ‘me’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
Dǫnum ‘from the Danes’
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Danr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ir): Dane
notes
[6] ferri Dǫnum ‘farther from Danes’: There is no universally agreed explanation for this phrase. Beckman (1923, 331, but cf. Beckman 1934, 212-13) explains it as meaning ‘along the way from the Danes’, i.e. after passing Stora Hov, Sigvatr took the road from Lödöse and Halland, which was then Danish territory. Barði Guðmundsson (1927, 549-50) supposes that Sigvatr composed this stanza on the return journey from Västergötland, which, he argues, was then under Danish control. Sahlgren (1927-8, I, 187-8; similarly Turville-Petre, 1976, 80) suggests that the import of the remark is that the political situation of the day was such that it would have been dangerous for Sigvatr to travel anywhere near Danish territory. Schreiner (1927-9c, 42-3) imagines that an earlier phase of the journey took Sigvatr sailing through Øresund, with Danish territory on both sides. The eds of Hkr 1991 suggest that Sigvatr may have had in mind that the Swedes and their king would turn out to be more effective opponents to King Óláfr than the Danes had been. Frank (1978, 74) interprets the phrase to mean ‘inland’, i.e. ‘away from the seaboard which was largely Danish territory’. See also Toll (1925, 157-8).
fœrri ‘’
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fœrr (adj.): capable
notes
[6] ferri Dǫnum ‘farther from Danes’: There is no universally agreed explanation for this phrase. Beckman (1923, 331, but cf. Beckman 1934, 212-13) explains it as meaning ‘along the way from the Danes’, i.e. after passing Stora Hov, Sigvatr took the road from Lödöse and Halland, which was then Danish territory. Barði Guðmundsson (1927, 549-50) supposes that Sigvatr composed this stanza on the return journey from Västergötland, which, he argues, was then under Danish control. Sahlgren (1927-8, I, 187-8; similarly Turville-Petre, 1976, 80) suggests that the import of the remark is that the political situation of the day was such that it would have been dangerous for Sigvatr to travel anywhere near Danish territory. Schreiner (1927-9c, 42-3) imagines that an earlier phase of the journey took Sigvatr sailing through Øresund, with Danish territory on both sides. The eds of Hkr 1991 suggest that Sigvatr may have had in mind that the Swedes and their king would turn out to be more effective opponents to King Óláfr than the Danes had been. Frank (1978, 74) interprets the phrase to mean ‘inland’, i.e. ‘away from the seaboard which was largely Danish territory’. See also Toll (1925, 157-8).
notes
[7, 8] fákr drengs laust fœti í díki ‘the good fellow’s [my] charger struck with its foot [stumbled] in a ditch’: Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) supposes that díki refers to a brook (bækken). To the horse’s stumbling, Frank (1978, 73) cites parallels in the sagas that bear connotations of bad luck and fate. The use of drengr ‘good fellow, warrior’ is probably ironic or mock-heroic here; cf. Note to st. 5/2.
lystr ‘’
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lystr (adj.): eager
notes
[7, 8] fákr drengs laust fœti í díki ‘the good fellow’s [my] charger struck with its foot [stumbled] in a ditch’: Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) supposes that díki refers to a brook (bækken). To the horse’s stumbling, Frank (1978, 73) cites parallels in the sagas that bear connotations of bad luck and fate. The use of drengr ‘good fellow, warrior’ is probably ironic or mock-heroic here; cf. Note to st. 5/2.
drengs ‘the good fellow’s [my]’
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drengr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir, gen. -ja): man, warrior
notes
[7, 8] fákr drengs laust fœti í díki ‘the good fellow’s [my] charger struck with its foot [stumbled] in a ditch’: Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) supposes that díki refers to a brook (bækken). To the horse’s stumbling, Frank (1978, 73) cites parallels in the sagas that bear connotations of bad luck and fate. The use of drengr ‘good fellow, warrior’ is probably ironic or mock-heroic here; cf. Note to st. 5/2.
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
notes
[7, 8] fákr drengs laust fœti í díki ‘the good fellow’s [my] charger struck with its foot [stumbled] in a ditch’: Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) supposes that díki refers to a brook (bækken). To the horse’s stumbling, Frank (1978, 73) cites parallels in the sagas that bear connotations of bad luck and fate. The use of drengr ‘good fellow, warrior’ is probably ironic or mock-heroic here; cf. Note to st. 5/2.
díki ‘a ditch’
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díki (noun n.; °; -): ditch
notes
[7, 8] fákr drengs laust fœti í díki ‘the good fellow’s [my] charger struck with its foot [stumbled] in a ditch’: Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) supposes that díki refers to a brook (bækken). To the horse’s stumbling, Frank (1978, 73) cites parallels in the sagas that bear connotations of bad luck and fate. The use of drengr ‘good fellow, warrior’ is probably ironic or mock-heroic here; cf. Note to st. 5/2.
dœgr ‘night and day’
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dœgr (noun n.; °-s; -): day and night; 24h period
notes
[8] dœgr mœtask nú ‘night and day meet now’: Edqvist (1943, 69) suggests this may mean not simply that it is now twilight but that now morning and evening twilight meet, with the implication that it is now midsummer (since he supposes the journey to have begun in the spring). Dœgr, here pl., more strictly refers to a period of either twelve or twenty-four hours.
mœtask ‘meet’
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mœta (verb): meet
notes
[8] dœgr mœtask nú ‘night and day meet now’: Edqvist (1943, 69) suggests this may mean not simply that it is now twilight but that now morning and evening twilight meet, with the implication that it is now midsummer (since he supposes the journey to have begun in the spring). Dœgr, here pl., more strictly refers to a period of either twelve or twenty-four hours.
svá ‘’
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svá (adv.): so, thus
hér ‘’
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hér (adv.): here
notes
[8] dœgr mœtask nú ‘night and day meet now’: Edqvist (1943, 69) suggests this may mean not simply that it is now twilight but that now morning and evening twilight meet, with the implication that it is now midsummer (since he supposes the journey to have begun in the spring). Dœgr, here pl., more strictly refers to a period of either twelve or twenty-four hours.
fœti ‘with its foot’
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1. fótr (noun m.): foot, leg
notes
[7, 8] fákr drengs laust fœti í díki ‘the good fellow’s [my] charger struck with its foot [stumbled] in a ditch’: Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) supposes that díki refers to a brook (bækken). To the horse’s stumbling, Frank (1978, 73) cites parallels in the sagas that bear connotations of bad luck and fate. The use of drengr ‘good fellow, warrior’ is probably ironic or mock-heroic here; cf. Note to st. 5/2.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
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Jór rinnr aptanskœru |
[My] famished steed runs on the long tracks in the twilight; the hoof can tear the ground on the way to the hall; we have little daylight. Now it is that [my] dark mount carries me over streams far from the Danes; the good fellow’s [my] charger struck with its foot [stumbled] in a ditch; night and day meet now.
As for sts 9-10, though it is now evening.
[3] vǫll : hallar: Frank (1978, 74) points out the rhyme of ǫ with a in this odd line, where skothending is expected, though ǫ : a and ô : á occur elsewhere in the poem as aðalhendingar (see the Note to st. 3/8). However, aðalhending in place of skothending is by no means rare in Sigvatr’s works: Höskuldur Þráinsson (1970, 25-7) identifies fifty-four examples, exclusive of fourteen examples of a : ǫ .
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