Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill 17’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1024.
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2. Bjǫrn (noun m.): Bjǫrn
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1. ǫrn (noun m.; °arnar, dat. erni; ernir, acc. ǫrnu): eagle
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1. bræða (verb; °-dd-): feed
[1] bræddi ‘fed’: See also Anon Krm 9/3VIII.
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bíta (verb; °bítr; beit, bitu; bitinn): bite
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reitr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ar/-ir, acc. -a/-u): path, land
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hneitir (noun m.): sword
[2] hneitir ‘the sword’: Lit. ‘cutter’. A heiti for ‘sword’ (Þul Sverða 2/7) and the name of Óláfr Haraldsson’s sword (see ESk Geisl 43/1VII and Note to [All]).
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bjóða (verb; °býðr; bauð, buðu; boðinn (buð- Thom¹ 5²n.)): offer, order, invite
[3] bauðsk: baugs papp25ˣ, braut by later correction in the hand of Rugman R683ˣ
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rjóða (verb): to redden
[3] rauðsk: rautt papp25ˣ, þaut by later correction in the hand of Rugman R683ˣ
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1. brynja (noun f.; °-u (dat. brynnoni Gibb 38⁹); -ur): mailcoat
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váði (noun m.; °-a): danger
[3] váði: ‘…’ papp25ˣ, ‘nautur’ or ‘nauti’ by later correction in the hand of Rugman R683ˣ
[3] váði ‘the danger’: This reconstruction, which follows Hl 1941, is conjectural, which is also the case with bauðsk ‘was offered’ and rauðsk ‘was reddened’, but with more support from the ms. witnesses. The original reading of this line in papp25ˣ and R683ˣ, baugs rautt brynju ... ‘of the ring you reddened the byrnie’ (?), provides no internal rhyme and cannot be construed to make any sense in the context.
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bjǫrg (noun f.; °bjargar; bjargir): help, deliverance
[4] bjǫrg mǫrg: bjarg marg by later correction in the hand of Rugman R683ˣ
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2. margr (adj.; °-an): many
[4] bjǫrg mǫrg: bjarg marg by later correction in the hand of Rugman R683ˣ
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2. frekr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): greedy
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vargr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): wolf
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2. eiga (verb; °á/eigr (præs. pl. 3. pers. eigu/eiga); átti, áttu; átt): own, have
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
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skipta (verb): share, divide, exchange
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1. egg (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -ju/-): edge, blade
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leggr (noun m.; °-jar, dat. -; -ir): limb
[6] legg ‘legs’: Lit. ‘leg’ (sg.).
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í (prep.): in, into
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tveir (num. cardinal): two
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seggr (noun m.; °; -ir): man
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hrár (adj.): raw
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bráðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): quick(ly)
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hafa (verb): have
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
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slíta (verb): to tear
[7] slíta: slátra by later correction in the hand of Rugman R683ˣ
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hrafn (noun m.; °hrafns; dat. hrafni; hrafnar): raven
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tafn (noun n.; °-s; *-): carrion
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af (prep.): from
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jafnan (adv.): always
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The metre is called inn dýri háttr (‘hinn Dijri hattʀ’) ‘the ornate form’ (cf. SnSt Ht 37). It is a variant of dróttkvætt, not attested outside the two claves metricae, in which all lines have three internal rhymes in positions 1, 2 and 5. The even lines have three aðalhendingar, and the odd lines two aðalhendingar in positions 1 and 3, which can form either aðalhending or skothending with the syllable in position 5 (see Hl 1941, 129). In Ht 37, all internal rhymes are aðalhendingar.
Rugman’s later corrections in R683ˣ represent attempts to create aðalhendingar and must be disregarded. — The hero commemorated is Bjǫrn járnsíða ‘Ironside’, another of Ragnarr loðbrók’s sons (see sts 11-16). — [3-4]: (a) In the present edn, which follows Hl 1941, váði ‘danger’ (l. 3) is taken as the base-word in a kenning for ‘sword’ (váði brynju ‘danger of the byrnie’), which functions as the subject in a passive construction with rauðsk ‘was reddened’ (l. 3). Bauðsk ‘was offered’ is taken as the verb in a passive construction with mǫrg bjǫrg (f. nom. sg.) ‘much nourishment’ as the subject. (b) The texts in Skj B and Skald are based on Rugman’s later corrections in R683ˣ and they provide the following reading: brátt, þrátt, brynju neytir | barg margfrekum vargi. Skj B places the adv. þrátt ‘often, persistently’ (l. 3) in the first clause of the helmingr (bræddi þrátt ‘fed often’) and the second adv. brátt ‘quickly’ (l. 3) in the second clause (beit brátt ‘bit quickly’. Kock (NN §1159) objected to that tortuous syntax and construed brátt, þrátt, brynju neytir barg margfrekum vargi, translated as snabbt, beständigt brynjebärarn räddade den glupske varj ‘quickly, stubbornly, the byrnie’s wearer (i.e. warrior) saved the greedy wolf’.
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