Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill 60

Kari Ellen Gade

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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RvHbreiðm Hl 60^III

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill 60’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1069.

Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson Háttalykill

59 60 61

kennings

gný bendags;
‘clamour of the wound-daylight; ’
= BATTLE
the wound-daylight; → SWORD
clamour of the SWORD → BATTLE

gerva ‘create’

(not checked:)
1. gera (verb): do, make

glaðr ‘cheerful’

(not checked:)
2. glaðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): cheerful, glad

vas ‘was’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

hrafn ‘the raven’

(not checked:)
hrafn (noun m.; °hrafns; dat. hrafni; hrafnar): raven

fyr ‘off’

(not checked:)
fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.

notes

[2] fyr Jaðri ‘off Jæren’: Jæren is located in Rogaland, on the south-western coast of Norway. The line recalls Ólhelg Lv 6/4^I.

Jaðri ‘Jæren’

(not checked:)
2. Jaðarr (noun m.): Jæren

notes

[2] fyr Jaðri ‘off Jæren’: Jæren is located in Rogaland, on the south-western coast of Norway. The line recalls Ólhelg Lv 6/4^I.

þars ‘there’

(not checked:)
þars (conj.): where

notes

[3] þars svát ‘there where’: For this construction, see NN §1161C.

svát ‘where’

(not checked:)
svát (conj.): so that, so as

notes

[3] þars svát ‘there where’: For this construction, see NN §1161C.

víg ‘a battle’

(not checked:)
víg (noun n.; °-s; -): battle

[3] víg: so R683ˣ, viggs papp25ˣ

á ‘in’

(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at

vági ‘the bay’

(not checked:)
vágr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): sea, wave

vargs ‘of the wolf’

(not checked:)
vargr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): wolf

kennings

gráðtapaðr vargs
‘the greed-terminator of the wolf ’
= WARRIOR
the greed-terminator of the wolf → WARRIOR

gráð ‘the greed’

(not checked:)
gráðr (noun m.; °dat. -): greed, hunger < gráðtǫpuðr (noun m.)

kennings

gráðtapaðr vargs
‘the greed-terminator of the wolf ’
= WARRIOR
the greed-terminator of the wolf → WARRIOR

gráð ‘the greed’

(not checked:)
gráðr (noun m.; °dat. -): greed, hunger < gráðtǫpuðr (noun m.)

kennings

gráðtapaðr vargs
‘the greed-terminator of the wolf ’
= WARRIOR
the greed-terminator of the wolf → WARRIOR

tapaðr ‘terminator’

(not checked:)
tǫpuðr (noun m.): destroyer < gráðtǫpuðr (noun m.)

[4] ‑tapaðr: tapað papp25ˣ, R683ˣ

kennings

gráðtapaðr vargs
‘the greed-terminator of the wolf ’
= WARRIOR
the greed-terminator of the wolf → WARRIOR

notes

[4] -tapaðr (m. nom. sg.) ‘-terminator’: Skj B and Skald emend to -tǫpuðr ‘-terminator’, but both forms of this nomen agentis are possible (see Hl 1941). Both mss read -tapað (m. acc. sg.), but the nom. is required by the syntax. For the possible loss of final -r, see Note to st. 5/2.

tapaðr ‘terminator’

(not checked:)
tǫpuðr (noun m.): destroyer < gráðtǫpuðr (noun m.)

[4] ‑tapaðr: tapað papp25ˣ, R683ˣ

kennings

gráðtapaðr vargs
‘the greed-terminator of the wolf ’
= WARRIOR
the greed-terminator of the wolf → WARRIOR

notes

háði ‘held’

(not checked:)
2. heyja (verb): fight, wage (battle)

þvít ‘because’

(not checked:)
þvít (conj.): because, since

við ‘against’

(not checked:)
2. við (prep.): with, against

hodda ‘of treasures’

(not checked:)
1. hodd (noun f.): gold, treasure

kennings

hvatráðan hneiti hodda.
‘the quick-witted cutter of treasures. ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the quick-witted cutter of treasures. → GENEROUS MAN

hneiti ‘cutter’

(not checked:)
hneitir (noun m.): sword

[5] hneiti: hneitir R683ˣ

kennings

hvatráðan hneiti hodda.
‘the quick-witted cutter of treasures. ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the quick-witted cutter of treasures. → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[5] hneiti ‘cutter’: Jón Helgason (Hl 1941) suggests an emendation to hreyti ‘scatterer’. Hneitir does, however, occur as the base-word in man-kennings (LP: hneitir 2), and there is no reason why the ms. reading should not be retained.

hvatráðan ‘the quick-witted’

(not checked:)
hvatráðr (adj.): quick-witted, resourceful

[6] hvatráðan: ‘hijrradan’ papp25ˣ, hiarradan R683ˣ

kennings

hvatráðan hneiti hodda.
‘the quick-witted cutter of treasures. ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the quick-witted cutter of treasures. → GENEROUS MAN

burr ‘the son’

(not checked:)
burr (noun m.; °; -ir): son

[6] burr: bur papp25ˣ, R683ˣ

kennings

burr Kjǫtva
‘the son of Kjǫtvi ’
= Þórir
the son of Kjǫtvi → Þórir

notes

[6] burr (m. nom. sg.) ‘son’: Bur (m. acc. sg.) ‘son’ has been emended to the nom. sg. If the acc. form is kept (so SnE 1848, 245; Hl 1941), the subject (Haraldr) must be inferred from the previous helmingr, and bur Kjǫtva ‘the son of Kjǫtvi’ must be taken as an apposition to the prepositional phrase in l. 5. That reading is less preferable from a syntactic point of view, and there are numerous examples of loss of final ‑r in Rugman’s transcriptions (see Note to st. 5/2). The acc. case could also have been caused by the adj. hvatráðan m. acc. sg. ‘quick-witted’ (l. 6) which precedes the noun. The son of Kjǫtvi inn auðgi ‘the Wealthy’ was Þórir haklangr, probably ‘Long-chin’, or ‘one having a long chin’ (see ÍF 26, 114-15 and Notes to Þhorn Harkv 7/4^I, 9/8^I). For the spelling <tt> for <t> (‘krattva’ both mss), see Note to st. 38/5.

Kjǫtva ‘of Kjǫtvi’

(not checked:)
2. Kjǫtvi (noun m.): Kjǫtvi

[6] Kjǫtva: ‘krattva’ papp25ˣ, R683ˣ

kennings

burr Kjǫtva
‘the son of Kjǫtvi ’
= Þórir
the son of Kjǫtvi → Þórir

barðisk ‘fought’

(not checked:)
2. berja (verb; °barði; barðr/bariðr/barinn): fight

Bokks ‘the Billy-goat’s’

(not checked:)
bukkr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ar): buck, billy-goat

[7] Bokks (‘Bocx’): so R683ˣ, ‘boex’ papp25ˣ

notes

[7] í Bokksfirði ‘in the Billy-goat’s fjord’: This is an onomastic pun on Hafrsfjǫrðr ‘Hafrsfjorden’ (bokkr ‘billy-goat’ = hafr ‘billy-goat’) in Norway, the location of Haraldr’s epic battle (see Note to Þhorn Harkv 7/1^I). Hafrsfjorden is located northwest of Stavanger, Rogaland, on the south-western coast of Norway.

í ‘in’

(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into

notes

firði ‘fjord’

(not checked:)
fjǫrðr (noun m.): fjord

notes

ben ‘of the wound’

(not checked:)
1. ben (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -; -jar , gen. -a(var. EiðKrC 402¹³: AM 77 4° D)): wound < bendagr (noun m.): [wound-daylight]

kennings

gný bendags;
‘clamour of the wound-daylight; ’
= BATTLE
the wound-daylight; → SWORD
clamour of the SWORD → BATTLE

ben ‘of the wound’

(not checked:)
1. ben (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -; -jar , gen. -a(var. EiðKrC 402¹³: AM 77 4° D)): wound < bendagr (noun m.): [wound-daylight]

kennings

gný bendags;
‘clamour of the wound-daylight; ’
= BATTLE
the wound-daylight; → SWORD
clamour of the SWORD → BATTLE

dags ‘daylight’

(not checked:)
dagr (noun m.; °-s, dat. degi/dag/dagi(Thom¹ 332¹n.); -ar): day < bendagr (noun m.): [wound-daylight]

kennings

gný bendags;
‘clamour of the wound-daylight; ’
= BATTLE
the wound-daylight; → SWORD
clamour of the SWORD → BATTLE

dags ‘daylight’

(not checked:)
dagr (noun m.; °-s, dat. degi/dag/dagi(Thom¹ 332¹n.); -ar): day < bendagr (noun m.): [wound-daylight]

kennings

gný bendags;
‘clamour of the wound-daylight; ’
= BATTLE
the wound-daylight; → SWORD
clamour of the SWORD → BATTLE

inn ‘inn’

(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the

hár ‘hár’

(not checked:)
3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high < hárfagr (adj.): fine-haired

fagri ‘fagri’

(not checked:)
fagr (adj.; °fagran; compar. fegri, superl. fegrstr): fair, beautiful < hárfagr (adj.): fine-haired

[8] ‑fagri: ‑fagra R683ˣ

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verse
prose

As st. 59 above.

[1, 8]: See st. 59/1, 8 above. — [3]: The line recalls Eskál Vell 19/3^I.

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RvHbreiðm Hl 60III

Haraldr ‘Haraldr’

kunni ‘could’

gný ‘clamour’

kennings

gerva ‘create’

glaðr ‘cheerful’

vas ‘was’

hrafn ‘the raven’

fyr ‘off’

notes

Jaðri ‘Jæren’

notes

þars ‘there’

notes

svát ‘where’

notes

víg ‘a battle’

á ‘in’

vági ‘the bay’

vargs ‘of the wolf’

kennings

gráð ‘the greed’

kennings

gráð ‘the greed’

kennings

tapaðr ‘terminator’

kennings

notes

tapaðr ‘terminator’

kennings

notes

háði ‘held’

þvít ‘because’

við ‘against’

hodda ‘of treasures’

kennings

hneiti ‘cutter’

kennings

notes

hvatráðan ‘the quick-witted’

kennings

burr ‘the son’

kennings

notes

Kjǫtva ‘of Kjǫtvi’

kennings

barðisk ‘fought’

Bokks ‘the Billy-goat’s’

notes

í ‘in’

notes

firði ‘fjord’

notes

ben ‘of the wound’

kennings

ben ‘of the wound’

kennings

dags ‘daylight’

kennings

dags ‘daylight’

kennings

inn ‘inn’

hár ‘hár’

fagri ‘fagri’

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RvHbreiðm Hl 60^III