Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill 31

Kari Ellen Gade

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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RvHbreiðm Hl 31^III

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill 31’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1040.

Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson Háttalykill

30 31 32

Frilleifs ‘of Friðleifr’

(not checked:)
Frilleifr (noun m.): [Friðleifr]

[1] Frilleifs: Friðleifs papp25ˣ, R683ˣ

notes

[1] Frilleifs ‘of Friðleifr’: The internal rhyme shows that -ðl- in Friðleifs had been assimilated to -ll- (see ANG §268.4; Hl 1941, 112-13).

vann ‘was able’

(not checked:)
2. vinna (verb): perform, work

notes

[1] vann (1st pers. sg. pret. indic.) ‘was able to’: Skj B emends to vinn (1st pers. sg. pres. indic.) ‘am able to’, which Finnur Jónsson believed fitted the context better.

kennings

váða randar
‘the danger of the shield-rim ’
= SWORD
the danger of the shield-rim → SWORD

váða ‘the danger’

(not checked:)
váði (noun m.; °-a): danger

kennings

váða randar
‘the danger of the shield-rim ’
= SWORD
the danger of the shield-rim → SWORD

rómu ‘of strife’

(not checked:)
róma (noun f.): battle

kennings

valdr rómu
‘the ruler of strife ’
= WARRIOR
the ruler of strife → WARRIOR

valdr ‘the ruler’

(not checked:)
valdr (noun m.): ruler

[4] valdr: ‘vallder’ papp25ˣ, ‘‑valder’ R683ˣ

kennings

valdr rómu
‘the ruler of strife ’
= WARRIOR
the ruler of strife → WARRIOR

notes

[4] valdr ‘the ruler’: Valdir ‘ruler’ has been normalised with all earlier eds to valdr ‘ruler’, because the Norwegian svarabhakti vowel [e] (‘vallder’ papp25ˣ, ‘valder’ R683ˣ) is late and violates the metre (see Hl 1941, 110-11).

í ‘in’

(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into

benja ‘of wounds’

(not checked:)
1. ben (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -; -jar , gen. -a(var. EiðKrC 402¹³: AM 77 4° D)): wound

kennings

ǫldu benja.
‘the wave of wounds. ’
= BLOOD
the wave of wounds. → BLOOD

ǫldu ‘the wave’

(not checked:)
alda (noun f.; °; *-ur): wave

kennings

ǫldu benja.
‘the wave of wounds. ’
= BLOOD
the wave of wounds. → BLOOD

Bíta ‘bit’

(not checked:)
bíta (verb; °bítr; beit, bitu; bitinn): bite

knátti ‘’

(not checked:)
knega (verb): to know, understand, be able to

brynju ‘of the byrnie’

(not checked:)
1. brynja (noun f.; °-u (dat. brynnoni Gibb 38⁹); -ur): mailcoat

kennings

Ótti brynju
‘The terror of the byrnie ’
= SWORD
The terror of the byrnie → SWORD

ótti ‘The terror’

(not checked:)
ótti (noun m.; °-a): fear

kennings

Ótti brynju
‘The terror of the byrnie ’
= SWORD
The terror of the byrnie → SWORD

brandar ‘blades’

(not checked:)
brandr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): sword, prow; fire

skôru ‘cut’

(not checked:)
skera (verb): cut

svartar ‘black’

(not checked:)
svartr (adj.): black

randir ‘shield-rims’

(not checked:)
rǫnd (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; rendr/randir): shield, shield-rim

Gera ‘Geri’

(not checked:)
Geri (noun m.): Geri

notes

[7] Gera ‘Geri <wolf>’: One of Óðinn’s wolves in Old Norse myth.

spurðik ‘I heard that’

(not checked:)
spyrja (verb; spurði): ask; hear, find out

þar ‘there’

(not checked:)
þar (adv.): there

gladdan ‘gladdened’

(not checked:)
gleðja (verb): gladden, rejoice

[7] gladdan: glaðan papp25ˣ, R683ˣ

notes

[7] gladdan ‘gladdened’: Gladdan ‘gladdened’ is preferable to glaðan ‘glad’ both from a contextual and from a metrical point of view, and it looks as though the latter was caused by the verb vera ‘be’ rather than verða ‘become, be’ in positions 7-8.

verða ‘was’

(not checked:)
1. verða (verb): become, be

[7] verða: vera papp25ˣ, R683ˣ

notes

[7] verða ‘was’: Lit. ‘become’. The mss have vera ‘be’ in positions 7-8, forming aðalhending with Gera. Because the word in the cadence must have a long root syllable, vera has been emended to verða ‘be, become’ (forming skothending with spurðak ‘I heard’). The emendation is in keeping with most earlier eds.

gunnar ‘of battle’

(not checked:)
gunnr (noun f.): battle

kennings

sól gunnar;
‘the sun of battle; ’
= SHIELD
the sun of battle; → SHIELD

sól ‘the sun’

(not checked:)
sól (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir): sun

kennings

sól gunnar;
‘the sun of battle; ’
= SHIELD
the sun of battle; → SHIELD

með ‘with’

(not checked:)
með (prep.): with

ylgjar ‘of the she-wolf’

(not checked:)
ylgr (noun f.; °acc. -i): she-wolf

kennings

brunni ylgjar.
‘the spring of the she-wolf. ’
= BLOOD
the spring of the she-wolf. → BLOOD

notes

[8] brunni ylgjar ‘the spring of the she-wolf [BLOOD]’: See st. 22/3.

brunni ‘the spring’

(not checked:)
brunnr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): spring, well

kennings

brunni ylgjar.
‘the spring of the she-wolf. ’
= BLOOD
the spring of the she-wolf. → BLOOD

notes

[8] brunni ylgjar ‘the spring of the she-wolf [BLOOD]’: See st. 22/3.

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

verse
prose

The metre is hrynhent (‘Rijnhent’) ‘flowing-rhymed’ (cf. SnSt Ht 62-4).

For this metre, see Section 4, General Introduction in SkP I. — Friðleifr Fróðason was a legendary Danish king (see ÍF 26, 48; ÍF 35, 14-16; Saxo 2005, I, 6, 1, 1-4, 14, pp. 362-79).

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RvHbreiðm Hl 31III

Frilleifs ‘of Friðleifr’

notes

vann ‘was able’

notes

ek ‘I’

sagt ‘to tell’

frá ‘about’

snilli ‘the prowess’

siklingr ‘the hero’

vakði ‘stirred up’

gunni ‘battle’

mikla ‘a great’

rjóða ‘to redden’

kunni ‘knew how’

randar ‘of the shield-rim’

kennings

váða ‘the danger’

kennings

rómu ‘of strife’

kennings

valdr ‘the ruler’

kennings

notes

í ‘in’

benja ‘of wounds’

kennings

ǫldu ‘the wave’

kennings

Bíta ‘bit’

knátti ‘’

brynju ‘of the byrnie’

kennings

ótti ‘The terror’

kennings

brandar ‘blades’

skôru ‘cut’

svartar ‘black’

randir ‘shield-rims’

Gera ‘Geri’

notes

spurðik ‘I heard that’

þar ‘there’

gladdan ‘gladdened’

notes

verða ‘was’

notes

gunnar ‘of battle’

kennings

sól ‘the sun’

kennings

með ‘with’

ylgjar ‘of the she-wolf’

kennings

notes

brunni ‘the spring’

kennings

notes

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RvHbreiðm Hl 31^III