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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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RvHbreiðm Hl 24III

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2017, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr Þórarinsson, Háttalykill 24’ in Kari Ellen Gade and Edith Marold (eds), Poetry from Treatises on Poetics. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 3. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 1032.

Rǫgnvaldr jarl and Hallr ÞórarinssonHáttalykill
232425

Hildi ‘battle’

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1. hildr (noun f.): battle

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vakði ‘stirred up’

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4. vaka (verb): awaken

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‘…’

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(non-lexical)

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hildar ‘with battle’

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1. hildr (noun f.): battle

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gramr ‘hero’

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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler

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þvít ‘because’

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þvít (conj.): because, since

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hildi ‘battle’

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1. hildr (noun f.): battle

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‘…’

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(non-lexical)

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hildfrœkn ‘the battle-brave’

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hildifrœkn (adj.): [battle-brave]

[4] hildfrœkn: ‘… fræen’ or ‘… frærn’ papp25ˣ, ‘… fræ en’ R683ˣ

notes

[4] hildfrœkn ‘the battle-brave’: The cpd can be restored with a fair amount of certainty because of the metre, and the word is the subject (or part of the subject) of vildi ‘wanted’ (l. 4).

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vildi ‘wanted’

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vilja (verb): want, intend

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Hjalmar ‘Helmets’

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1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet

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kenndu ‘felt’

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kenna (verb): know, teach

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hjalms ‘of the helmet’

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1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet

kennings

vǫnd hjalms;
‘the rod of the helmet; ’
   = SWORD

the rod of the helmet; → SWORD
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vǫnd ‘the rod’

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vǫndr (noun m.; °vandar, dat. vendi/vǫnd; vendir, acc. vǫndu/vendi): rod, want, mast

kennings

vǫnd hjalms;
‘the rod of the helmet; ’
   = SWORD

the rod of the helmet; → SWORD
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hjalm ‘the helmet’

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1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet

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snarpr ‘the sharp’

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snarpr (adj.): sharp, keen

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malmr ‘sword’

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malmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): metal

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en ‘and’

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2. en (conj.): but, and

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hjalmr ‘the helmet’

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1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet

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hjalms ‘helmet’s’

(not checked:)
1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet

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‘…’

(not checked:)
(non-lexical)

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hjalmr ‘the helmet’

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1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet

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framði ‘advanced’

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fremja (verb): advance, perform

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

As st. 23 above. In this stanza, l. 2 is structured as hálfhnept, l. 4 is hnugghent ‘deprived-rhymed’ (SnSt Ht 76) with aðalhending rather than skothending, and l. 6 is alhnept ‘completely curtailed’ (Ht 78) with the first hending in position 1 rather than in position 2. Line 5 is irregular (hálfhnept) because the second internal rhyme falls on the penultimate rather than on the ultimate syllable.

[1]: The missing word(s) in this line must have contained the subject of the verb vakði ‘stirred up’. Skj B supplies hildingr ‘lord’, whereas Jón Helgason (Hl 1941) conjectures her-Baldr ‘battle-Baldr’ to have the rhyme fall on the ultimate rather than on the penultimate syllable. — [3]: The line cannot be reconstructed. Jón Helgason (Hl 1941) suggests þvít hildar hyrgaldr ‘because the incantation of battle’s fire [(lit. ‘fire-incantation of battle’) SWORD > BATTLE]’ as the object of vildi ‘wanted’ (l. 4). — [6]: There is no lacuna in this line, but Skj B and Skald emend hjalm (m. acc. sg.) ‘helmet’ to hjalma (m. acc. pl.) ‘helmets’, which is unnecessary. — [7-8]: These lines are too fragmentary to be restored. There is no indication in Rugman’s transcriptions that anything is missing before or after framði ‘advanced’ in l. 8, but the line is too short, and hjalmr ‘helmet’ carries the alliteration and must stand in line-initial position.

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