Rv Lv 5II
Judith Jesch (ed.) 2009, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl Kali Kolsson, Lausavísur 5’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 580-1.
Liggja ‘lying’
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liggja (verb): lie
sé ‘I see’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
k ‘’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
leggjum ‘the legs’
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leggr (noun m.; °-jar, dat. -; -ir): limb
notes
[1] leggjum ‘legs’: While the normal ON meaning of leggr includes all four limbs, it is used to mean ‘leg’ in st. 32/8 and the context here suggests that only the legs were shackled (cf. l. 2).
láss ‘the lock’
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láss (noun m.; °láss, dat. lási/lás; lásar): lock
bannar ‘prevents’
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2. banna (verb; °-að-): forbid, refuse
þér ‘you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
rásir ‘from running’
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rás (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): running, course, company
kveld ‘who was out and about most in the evening’
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kveld (noun n.; °-s): evening < kveldfǫrull (adj.)
fǫrlustum ‘’
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fǫrull (adj.): [by night] < kveldfǫrull (adj.)
karli ‘old man’
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karl (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): (old) man
notes
[4] Kúgi ‘Kúgi’: The variant Kúga in R702ˣ could be construed as in apposition to l. 3, but the vocative seems preferable given the 2nd pers. pron. in l. 2. This Kúgi appears to be the only person recorded with this name (Lind 1905-15, 722); although it also appears in Anon KúgdrIII, this probably refers to the same person. It is conceivable that the name arose as a nickname after the fact of his submission to Rǫgnvaldr (cf. the verb kúga ‘intimidate, force into submission’, and the C12th nickname kúgaðr, Lind 1920-1, 224), in which case the st. may not be contemporary with the event.
járn ‘irons’
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járn (noun n.; °-s; -): iron, weapon
notes
[4] in bjúgu járn ‘the curved irons’: This phrase seems to describe iron shackles, which usually have a semicircular shape, rather than the ‘twisted fetters’ envisaged by Bibire 1988.
in ‘the’
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2. inn (art.): the
notes
[4] in bjúgu járn ‘the curved irons’: This phrase seems to describe iron shackles, which usually have a semicircular shape, rather than the ‘twisted fetters’ envisaged by Bibire 1988.
bjúgu ‘curved’
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bjúgr (adj.; °compar. -ari): bent
notes
[4] in bjúgu járn ‘the curved irons’: This phrase seems to describe iron shackles, which usually have a semicircular shape, rather than the ‘twisted fetters’ envisaged by Bibire 1988.
Eiguð ‘hold’
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2. eiga (verb; °á/eigr (præs. pl. 3. pers. eigu/eiga); átti, áttu; átt): own, have
[5] Eiguð: so R702ˣ, ‘ægit’ Flat
aldri ‘Never’
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aldri (adv.): never
Kúgi ‘Kúgi’
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Kúgi (noun m.; °-a): Kúgi
aptr ‘be hindered’
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aptr (adv.; °compar. -ar): back
munt ‘you will’
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munu (verb): will, must
settr ‘’
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setja (verb): place, set, establish
af ‘from’
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af (prep.): from
prettum ‘treacherous deeds’
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prettr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ir/-ar, acc. -u/-i/-a): fraud, deceit
[6] prettum: ‘fietrum’ R702ˣ
nauðr ‘necessary’
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neyð (noun f.; °dat. -): need, distress
s ‘it is’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
at ‘to’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
nýta ‘keep to’
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nýta (verb): enjoy, use
eiða ‘oaths’
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eið (noun n.; °-s; -): ?oath/headland
nátt ‘night’
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nátt (noun f.; °náttar/nǽtr, dat. -/-u; nǽtr): night < náttþing (noun n.)
þing ‘meetings’
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þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly < náttþing (noun n.)
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
halt ‘keep to’
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halda (verb): hold, keep
sáttir ‘agreements’
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sátt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): settlement
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Kúgi of Rapness (Hreppisnes) on Westray is described in Orkn ch. 56 as a vitr maðr ok auðigr ‘wise and wealthy man’ (ÍF 34, 120) who is one of the main supporters of Rǫgnvaldr’s rival, Páll jarl Hákonarson. After an unsuccessful attempt to invade Orkney in 1135, Rǫgnvaldr succeeded in the following year by sabotaging the early-warning beacon and exploiting dissension among Páll’s followers. On Rǫgnvaldr’s arrival in Westray, many of the inhabitants submitted to him, including Kúgi, who had been arrested by Rǫgnvaldr’s men on suspicion of treachery. The st. is Rǫgnvaldr’s response to Kúgi’s eloquent plea for mercy; he goes on to give ǫllum mǫnnum grið ‘a truce to everyone’.
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