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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Rv Lv 3^II

Judith Jesch (ed.) 2009, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl Kali Kolsson, Lausavísur 3’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 578-9.

Rǫgnvaldr jarl Kali Kolsson Lausavísur

Hér ‘Here’

(not checked:)
hér (adv.): here

hefk ‘I have’

(not checked:)
hafa (verb): have

hávan ‘a high’

(not checked:)
3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high

reistan ‘raised’

(not checked:)
rísta (verb): carve, raise

harðgeðjuðum ‘to a strong-minded’

(not checked:)
harðgeðjaðr (adj.): strong-minded

notes

[2, 4] harðgeðjuðum draug ‘to a strong-minded ghost’: There is no mention of a ghost in the prose anecdote and it is likely that the st. describes the building of the cairn as a prophylactic and propitiatory act against a possible, rather than actual, ghost. As well as being a general term for ‘ghost’, draugr refers specifically to the dead inhabitant of a mound or cairn (LP; Fritzner; CVC).

varða ‘cairn’

(not checked:)
3. verja (verb): defend

Dolls ‘Dollsteins’

(not checked:)
Dolls (noun n.): [Dollsteins] < Dollshellir (noun m.)

notes

[3] Dollshelli ‘Dollsteinshola’: Dollshellir lit. ‘Doll’s cave’ is given as the name of the cave in the prose and is taken so here (the cave is now called Dollsteinshola, on Sandsøya). Bibire 1988 prefers to construe Dolls with draug (l. 4) and translates ‘Dolls-zomby’.

í ‘in’

(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into

døkkum ‘dark’

(not checked:)
døkkr (adj.; °-van; compar. -vari/-ari/-ri, superl. -vastr/-astr): dark

helli ‘hola’

(not checked:)
hellir (noun m.; °-s/hells, dat. -i; -ar, acc. -a/-ra): cave < Dollshellir (noun m.)

notes

[3] Dollshelli ‘Dollsteinshola’: Dollshellir lit. ‘Doll’s cave’ is given as the name of the cave in the prose and is taken so here (the cave is now called Dollsteinshola, on Sandsøya). Bibire 1988 prefers to construe Dolls with draug (l. 4) and translates ‘Dolls-zomby’.

draug ‘ghost’

(not checked:)
2. draugr (noun m.): ghost

[4] draug: draugs R702ˣ

notes

[2, 4] harðgeðjuðum draug ‘to a strong-minded ghost’: There is no mention of a ghost in the prose anecdote and it is likely that the st. describes the building of the cairn as a prophylactic and propitiatory act against a possible, rather than actual, ghost. As well as being a general term for ‘ghost’, draugr refers specifically to the dead inhabitant of a mound or cairn (LP; Fritzner; CVC). — [4] draug ‘ghost’: Masculine a-stem nouns often have no ending in the dat. sg. (ANG §358.3).

draug ‘ghost’

(not checked:)
2. draugr (noun m.): ghost

[4] draug: draugs R702ˣ

notes

[2, 4] harðgeðjuðum draug ‘to a strong-minded ghost’: There is no mention of a ghost in the prose anecdote and it is likely that the st. describes the building of the cairn as a prophylactic and propitiatory act against a possible, rather than actual, ghost. As well as being a general term for ‘ghost’, draugr refers specifically to the dead inhabitant of a mound or cairn (LP; Fritzner; CVC). — [4] draug ‘ghost’: Masculine a-stem nouns often have no ending in the dat. sg. (ANG §358.3).

leitak ‘I look for’

(not checked:)
leita (verb): seek, look for, attack

svá ‘in this way’

(not checked:)
svá (adv.): so, thus

bauga ‘rings’

(not checked:)
baugr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): ring

Eigi ‘do not’

(not checked:)
3. eigi (adv.): not

veit ‘know’

(not checked:)
1. vita (verb): know

[5] veitk (‘veit ec’): veit Flat, R702ˣ

k ‘I’

(not checked:)
ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me

[5] veitk (‘veit ec’): veit Flat, R702ˣ

hverr ‘who’

(not checked:)
2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every

[5] hverr: hvé Flat

ýta ‘the pushers’

(not checked:)
ýtir (noun m.): giver

[5] ýta: ýtir R702ˣ

kennings

ýta unnskíða
‘the pushers of wave-skis ’
= SEAFARERS
wave-skis → SHIPS
the pushers of SHIPS → SEAFARERS

unn ‘of wave’

(not checked:)
2. unnr (noun f.): wave < unnskíð (noun n.)

[6] unn‑: so Flat, R702ˣ, und 325I

kennings

ýta unnskíða
‘the pushers of wave-skis ’
= SEAFARERS
wave-skis → SHIPS
the pushers of SHIPS → SEAFARERS

unn ‘of wave’

(not checked:)
2. unnr (noun f.): wave < unnskíð (noun n.)

[6] unn‑: so Flat, R702ˣ, und 325I

kennings

ýta unnskíða
‘the pushers of wave-skis ’
= SEAFARERS
wave-skis → SHIPS
the pushers of SHIPS → SEAFARERS

skíða ‘skis’

(not checked:)
skíð (noun n.; °; -): ski < unnskíð (noun n.)

kennings

ýta unnskíða
‘the pushers of wave-skis ’
= SEAFARERS
wave-skis → SHIPS
the pushers of SHIPS → SEAFARERS

skíða ‘skis’

(not checked:)
skíð (noun n.; °; -): ski < unnskíð (noun n.)

kennings

ýta unnskíða
‘the pushers of wave-skis ’
= SEAFARERS
wave-skis → SHIPS
the pushers of SHIPS → SEAFARERS

ferr ‘will go’

(not checked:)
fara (verb; ferr, fór, fóru, farinn): go, travel

síðan ‘later’

(not checked:)
síðan (adv.): later, then

langa ‘the long’

(not checked:)
langr (adj.; °compar. lengri, superl. lengstr): long

notes

[7-8] langa braut ok ljóta, leið of it breiða vatn ‘the long and ugly way, the route across the broad lake’: The punctuation and interpretation of these ll. follow Kock (NN §2060). Skj B and ÍF 34 construe ljóta with leið.

braut ‘way’

(not checked:)
1. braut (noun f.; °dat. -/-u; -ir): path, way; away

notes

[7-8] langa braut ok ljóta, leið of it breiða vatn ‘the long and ugly way, the route across the broad lake’: The punctuation and interpretation of these ll. follow Kock (NN §2060). Skj B and ÍF 34 construe ljóta with leið.

ok ‘and’

(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

notes

[7-8] langa braut ok ljóta, leið of it breiða vatn ‘the long and ugly way, the route across the broad lake’: The punctuation and interpretation of these ll. follow Kock (NN §2060). Skj B and ÍF 34 construe ljóta with leið.

ljóta ‘ugly’

(not checked:)
ljótr (adj.): ugly

notes

[7-8] langa braut ok ljóta, leið of it breiða vatn ‘the long and ugly way, the route across the broad lake’: The punctuation and interpretation of these ll. follow Kock (NN §2060). Skj B and ÍF 34 construe ljóta with leið.

leið ‘the route’

(not checked:)
leið (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir/-ar): path, way

notes

[7-8] langa braut ok ljóta, leið of it breiða vatn ‘the long and ugly way, the route across the broad lake’: The punctuation and interpretation of these ll. follow Kock (NN §2060). Skj B and ÍF 34 construe ljóta with leið.

of ‘across’

(not checked:)
3. of (prep.): around, from; too

notes

[7-8] langa braut ok ljóta, leið of it breiða vatn ‘the long and ugly way, the route across the broad lake’: The punctuation and interpretation of these ll. follow Kock (NN §2060). Skj B and ÍF 34 construe ljóta with leið.

vatn ‘lake’

(not checked:)
vatn (noun n.; °-s; -*): water, lake

notes

[7-8] langa braut ok ljóta, leið of it breiða vatn ‘the long and ugly way, the route across the broad lake’: The punctuation and interpretation of these ll. follow Kock (NN §2060). Skj B and ÍF 34 construe ljóta with leið.

it ‘the’

(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the

notes

[7-8] langa braut ok ljóta, leið of it breiða vatn ‘the long and ugly way, the route across the broad lake’: The punctuation and interpretation of these ll. follow Kock (NN §2060). Skj B and ÍF 34 construe ljóta with leið.

breiða ‘broad’

(not checked:)
breiðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): broad, wide

notes

[7-8] langa braut ok ljóta, leið of it breiða vatn ‘the long and ugly way, the route across the broad lake’: The punctuation and interpretation of these ll. follow Kock (NN §2060). Skj B and ÍF 34 construe ljóta with leið.

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verse
prose

Ch. 61 of Orkn describes an adventure Kali had when his ship was caught by the weather and had to anchor off the island of Dolls (now Sandsøya in Sunnmøre, Norway). The travellers entered a large cave on the island in expectation of much treasure (féván mikil), but only Kali and a companion dared to cross the large lake in the cave, which they did roped together, Kali holding a torch in his hand and with a strike-a-light on his back. Having crossed the lake, they had trouble lighting the torch and decided to go no further, but made a cairn to commemorate their visit.

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