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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Rv Lv 24II

Judith Jesch (ed.) 2009, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl Kali Kolsson, Lausavísur 24’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 602.

Rǫgnvaldr jarl Kali KolssonLausavísur
232425

Erlingr ‘Erlingr’

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Erlingr (noun m.): Erlingr

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þars ‘where’

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þars (conj.): where

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okkur ‘our’

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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our

notes

[1, 5] okkur; vér ‘our; we’: The contrast between the dual pron. in l. 1 and the pl. in l. 5 may not be significant (the dual form is required in l. 1 for the skothending). If it is, then the first helmingr refers to Rǫgnvaldr and Erlingr leading the attack, while the second helmingr refers more generally to the valour of the whole company.

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ógn ‘threateningly’

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ógn (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): terror, battle < ógnsterkr (adj.)

notes

[2] ógnsterkr ‘threateningly strong’: This could also be translated as ‘strong in battle’.

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sterkr ‘strong’

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sterkr (adj.): strong < ógnsterkr (adj.)

[2] ‑sterkr: ‑sterk R702ˣ

notes

[2] ógnsterkr ‘threateningly strong’: This could also be translated as ‘strong in battle’.

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ruðusk ‘were reddened’

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rjóða (verb): to redden

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merki ‘standards’

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1. merki (noun n.; °-s: -): banner, sign

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með ‘with’

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með (prep.): with

notes

[3] með fremð ok sigri ‘with success and victory’: Cf. HSn Lv 2/5.

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fremð ‘success’

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fremð (noun f.): honour

notes

[3] með fremð ok sigri ‘with success and victory’: Cf. HSn Lv 2/5.

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ok ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

notes

[3] með fremð ok sigri ‘with success and victory’: Cf. HSn Lv 2/5.

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sigri ‘victory’

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sigr (noun m.; °sigrs/sigrar, dat. sigri; sigrar): victory

notes

[3] með fremð ok sigri ‘with success and victory’: Cf. HSn Lv 2/5.

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at ‘towards’

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3. at (prep.): at, to

notes

[4] at drómundi ‘towards the dromon’: For an alternative poetical account of this episode, see Þskakk Erldr 1 and the Notes there for discussion of what actually happened.

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drómundi ‘the dromon’

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drómundr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): dromon

notes

[4] drómundi ‘the dromon’: This was a Byzantine warship or merchantman, though see Note to Þskakk Erldr 1, where it is suggested that the ship being attacked was actually a large sailing ship rather than a dromon. — [4] at drómundi ‘towards the dromon’: For an alternative poetical account of this episode, see Þskakk Erldr 1 and the Notes there for discussion of what actually happened.

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drómundi ‘the dromon’

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drómundr (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): dromon

notes

[4] drómundi ‘the dromon’: This was a Byzantine warship or merchantman, though see Note to Þskakk Erldr 1, where it is suggested that the ship being attacked was actually a large sailing ship rather than a dromon. — [4] at drómundi ‘towards the dromon’: For an alternative poetical account of this episode, see Þskakk Erldr 1 and the Notes there for discussion of what actually happened.

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Hlóðum ‘piled up’

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2. hlaða (verb): heap, pile

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vér ‘We’

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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our

notes

[1, 5] okkur; vér ‘our; we’: The contrast between the dual pron. in l. 1 and the pl. in l. 5 may not be significant (the dual form is required in l. 1 for the skothending). If it is, then the first helmingr refers to Rǫgnvaldr and Erlingr leading the attack, while the second helmingr refers more generally to the valour of the whole company.

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en ‘and’

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2. en (conj.): but, and

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víða ‘widely’

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1. víða (adv.): widely

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vas ‘was’

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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

[6] vas (‘var’): varð R702ˣ

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blóð ‘blood’

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blóð (noun n.; °-s): blood

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numit ‘taken’

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1. nema (verb): to take

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þjóðum ‘from the people’

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þjóð (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): people

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sverð ‘swords’

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sverð (noun n.; °-s; -): sword

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ruðu ‘reddened’

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rjóða (verb): to redden

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snjallir ‘valiant’

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snjallr (adj.): quick, resourceful, bold

[7] snjallir: snarpir R702ˣ

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fyrðar ‘men’

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2. fyrðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -): man

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snǫrp ‘sharp’

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snarpr (adj.): sharp, keen

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blámanna ‘of the black men’

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blámaðr (noun m.; °·manns; ·menn): dark man

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gǫrpum ‘the heroes’

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garpr (noun m.): champion

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

The crusaders successfully attack a large dromon, killing everyone on board and acquiring a large amount of treasure.

Ch. 87 of Orkn describes how Rǫgnvaldr consults both his bishop and Erlingr skakki about the feasibility of attacking the dromon; the bishop is cautious, but Erlingr’s optimism and eloquence win the day. This episode happened somewhere in the Mediterranean, not far from Sardinia, in early 1152.

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