Rv Lv 11II
Judith Jesch (ed.) 2009, ‘Rǫgnvaldr jarl Kali Kolsson, Lausavísur 11’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 588-9.
Ala ‘to entertain’
(not checked:)
ala (verb; °elr; ól, ólu; alinn): to beget, produce, procreate
kvezk ‘said that he’
(not checked:)
2. kveðja (verb; kvaddi): (dd) request, address, greet
Einarr ‘Einarr’
(not checked:)
Einarr (noun m.): Einarr
vilja ‘wished’
(not checked:)
vilja (verb): want, intend
engan ‘none’
(not checked:)
2. engi (pron.): no, none
Rǫgnvalds ‘of Rǫgnvaldr’
(not checked:)
Rǫgnvaldr (noun m.): Rǫgnvaldr
drengja ‘of the followers’
(not checked:)
drengr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir, gen. -ja): man, warrior
mér ‘my’
(not checked:)
ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
Gauts ‘of Gautr’
(not checked:)
2. Gautr (noun m.): Gautr, Óðinn
kennings
gjalfr Gauts‘the roaring sea of Gautr ’
= POETRY
the roaring sea of Gautr → POETRY
á ‘to’
(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at
góma ‘palate’
(not checked:)
gómr (noun m.): gum, gums
gjalfr ‘the roaring sea’
(not checked:)
gjalfr (noun n.; °-s): surge, waves
[4] gjalfr: so R702ˣ, gjalfrs Flat
kennings
gjalfr Gauts‘the roaring sea of Gautr ’
= POETRY
the roaring sea of Gautr → POETRY
nema ‘except’
(not checked:)
2. nema (conj.): unless
jarlinn ‘the jarl’
(not checked:)
jarl (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): poet, earl
[4] jarlinn: jarl R702ˣ
sjalfan ‘himself’
(not checked:)
sjalfr (adj.): self
Veitk ‘I know’
(not checked:)
1. vita (verb): know
at ‘that’
(not checked:)
5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
hratzk ‘overturned’
(not checked:)
1. hrinda (verb): launch, propell
[5] hratzk: ‘hrꜳz’ Flat, ‘vazt’ R702ˣ
notes
[5] hratzk ‘overturned’: This emendation, first suggested in ÍF 34, assumes a m. v. form of the verb hrinda ‘push, shove, overturn’. As this verb is rarely if ever recorded in the m. v. form, its exact meaning is hard to deduce, though ‘he overturned himself in his promises’ would give the sense of someone who has gone back on his word.
í ‘’
(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into
heitum ‘promises’
(not checked:)
heit (noun n.; °; -): promise
hug ‘amiable’
(not checked:)
hugr (noun m.): mind, thought, courage < hugþekkr (adj.): beloved
[6] hug‑: var hann R702ˣ
þekkr ‘’
(not checked:)
þekkr (adj.): pleasing < hugþekkr (adj.): beloved
firum ‘to men’
(not checked:)
firar (noun m.): men
ekki ‘not’
(not checked:)
2. ekki (adv.): not
inn ‘in’
(not checked:)
1. inn (adv.): in, inside
gekk ‘I went’
(not checked:)
2. ganga (verb; geng, gekk, gengu, genginn): walk, go
notes
[7] gekk ‘I went’: Gekk must represent gekk ek ‘I went’: the 1st pers. sg. pron. is needed, but the alternative of inn gekk ek, þars brunnu eldar (as in R702ˣ, followed by Skj B) would require the pron. to bear the alliteration and would remove the kenning which indicates the menace felt by Rǫgnvaldr (see next Note). The mention of Óðinn in the first helmingr suggests that a parallel mention in the second helmingr is appropriate.
kennings
eldar Yggs‘the fires of Yggr ’
= SWORDS
the fires of Yggr → SWORDS
notes
[7, 8] eldar Yggs ‘the fires of Yggr <= Óðinn> [SWORDS]’: The same kenning is used in Bjbp Jóms 26/1I, where the context (e.g. the verb kljúfa ‘cleave’) suggests that it refers to a ‘sword’ rather than more generically to a ‘weapon’, hence the translation adopted here. The implication is that Rǫgnvaldr is being received with swords rather than a welcoming hearth. The same kenning, with other names for Óðinn, occurs in earlier and contemporary poetry in GSúrs Lv 27/3V, KormǪ Sigdr 4/2III and HaukrV Ísldr 8/3IV. Bibire 1988 sees Odinic imagery and motifs throughout the st.
þars ‘where’
(not checked:)
þars (conj.): where
brunnu ‘burned’
(not checked:)
2. brenna (verb; °brennr/brenn; brann, brunnu; brunninn): (strong, intransitive)
eldar ‘the fires’
(not checked:)
eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
kennings
eldar Yggs‘the fires of Yggr ’
= SWORDS
the fires of Yggr → SWORDS
notes
[7, 8] eldar Yggs ‘the fires of Yggr <= Óðinn> [SWORDS]’: The same kenning is used in Bjbp Jóms 26/1I, where the context (e.g. the verb kljúfa ‘cleave’) suggests that it refers to a ‘sword’ rather than more generically to a ‘weapon’, hence the translation adopted here. The implication is that Rǫgnvaldr is being received with swords rather than a welcoming hearth. The same kenning, with other names for Óðinn, occurs in earlier and contemporary poetry in GSúrs Lv 27/3V, KormǪ Sigdr 4/2III and HaukrV Ísldr 8/3IV. Bibire 1988 sees Odinic imagery and motifs throughout the st.
síð ‘late’
(not checked:)
2. síð (adv.): late
á ‘in’
(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Ala kvezk Einarr vilja |
Einarr said that he wished to entertain none of the followers of Rǫgnvaldr except the jarl himself; the roaring sea of Gautr <= Óðinn> [POETRY] comes to my palate. I know that [the one] not amiable to men overturned his promises; I went in where the fires of Yggr <= Óðinn> [SWORDS] burned late in the evening.
After the shipwreck, Rǫgnvaldr sent twelve of his men to stay with Einarr in Gulberwick (Gullberuvík), either at the present farm called Wick (ÍF 34, 198 n. 1) or ‘the old farm of Trebister’ (Taylor 1938, 391 n. 4).
In contrast to the st., which states that Einarr was only willing to offer hospitality to the jarl, the saga says that Einarr would only accept these men if the jarl came too (the translation of the st. in Skj B seems to have been influenced by the prose). The prose context also implies that Rǫgnvaldr spoke this st. before going in to Einarr’s farm, while l. 7 of the st. suggests the opposite. — [5-6]: Skj B (followed by Orkn 1913-16) adopts R702ˣ’s readings throughout these ll., giving veitk at vatzk í heitum; hann var ekki firum þekkr, interpreted more or less as ‘I know that he got entangled in threats; he was not beloved of men’. This makes good enough sense in itself but it is not clear how it relates to the rest of the st. The reading adopted here (largely following ÍF 34) is admittedly awkward and also hard to reconcile with the rest of the st., but is chosen in an attempt to make sense of the main ms. Ultimately, the lack of a detailed and unambiguous context for the st. makes it difficult to arrive at a definitive interpretation.
Stanza/chapter/text segment
Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.
Information tab
- text: if the stanza has been published, the edited text of the stanza and translation are here; if it hasn't been published an old edition (usually Skj) is given for reference
- sources: a list of the manuscripts or inscriptions containing this stanza, with page and line references and links (eye button) to images where available, and transcription where available
- readings: a list of variant manuscript readings of words in the main text
- editions and texts: a list of editions of the stanza with links to the bibliography; and a list of prose works in which the stanza occurs, allowing you to navigate within the prose context
- notes and context: notes not linked to individual words are given here, along with the account of the prose context for the stanza, where relevant
Interactive tab
The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.
Full text tab
This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.
Chapter/text segment
This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.