Ótt Knútdr 2I
Matthew Townend (ed.) 2012, ‘Óttarr svarti, Knútsdrápa 2’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 770.
Út ‘abroad’
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út (adv.): out(side)
fylgðu ‘accompanied’
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2. fylgja (verb): follow, accompany
Jótar ‘The Jótar’
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Jóti (noun m.; °; -ar): one of the Jótar
auð ‘wealth’
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1. auðr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-): wealth < auðmildr (adj.): wealth-generous
notes
[2] auðmildr ‘wealth-generous one’: This is assumed here to be a substantival use of the adj., and a direct address to Knútr (as in Skald, and see NN §721A for Kock’s proposed parallels including Ótt Hfl 1/1). Skj B and ÍF 35 take auðmildr rather as an attributive adj. qualifying skreytir ‘adorner’.
mildr ‘generous one’
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mildr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -astr): mild, gentle, gracious, generous < auðmildr (adj.): wealth-generous
notes
[2] auðmildr ‘wealth-generous one’: This is assumed here to be a substantival use of the adj., and a direct address to Knútr (as in Skald, and see NN §721A for Kock’s proposed parallels including Ótt Hfl 1/1). Skj B and ÍF 35 take auðmildr rather as an attributive adj. qualifying skreytir ‘adorner’.
flugar ‘to flee’
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2. flug (noun n.): flight, ?precipice
notes
[2] trauðir flugar ‘reluctant to flee’: Lit. ‘reluctant of flight’.
trauðir ‘reluctant’
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trauðr (adj.): reluctant
notes
[2] trauðir flugar ‘reluctant to flee’: Lit. ‘reluctant of flight’.
skaut ‘of sail’
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skaut (noun n.; °; -): sail < skauthreinn (noun m.): [sail-reindeer]
kennings
skreytir skauthreina‘the adorner of sail-reindeer ’
= SEAFARER
sail-reindeer → SHIPS
the adorner of SHIPS → SEAFARER
notes
[3] skauthreina ‘of sail-reindeer [SHIPS]’: Skaut- is used by Óttarr here and in Ótt Hfl 5/2 as a pars pro toto term (‘corner’ for ‘sail’); see Jesch (2001a, 163-4).
skaut ‘of sail’
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skaut (noun n.; °; -): sail < skauthreinn (noun m.): [sail-reindeer]
kennings
skreytir skauthreina‘the adorner of sail-reindeer ’
= SEAFARER
sail-reindeer → SHIPS
the adorner of SHIPS → SEAFARER
notes
[3] skauthreina ‘of sail-reindeer [SHIPS]’: Skaut- is used by Óttarr here and in Ótt Hfl 5/2 as a pars pro toto term (‘corner’ for ‘sail’); see Jesch (2001a, 163-4).
hreina ‘reindeer’
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1. hreinn (noun m.; °; hreinar): reindeer < skauthreinn (noun m.): [sail-reindeer]
kennings
skreytir skauthreina‘the adorner of sail-reindeer ’
= SEAFARER
sail-reindeer → SHIPS
the adorner of SHIPS → SEAFARER
notes
[3] skauthreina ‘of sail-reindeer [SHIPS]’: Skaut- is used by Óttarr here and in Ótt Hfl 5/2 as a pars pro toto term (‘corner’ for ‘sail’); see Jesch (2001a, 163-4).
hreina ‘reindeer’
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1. hreinn (noun m.; °; hreinar): reindeer < skauthreinn (noun m.): [sail-reindeer]
kennings
skreytir skauthreina‘the adorner of sail-reindeer ’
= SEAFARER
sail-reindeer → SHIPS
the adorner of SHIPS → SEAFARER
notes
[3] skauthreina ‘of sail-reindeer [SHIPS]’: Skaut- is used by Óttarr here and in Ótt Hfl 5/2 as a pars pro toto term (‘corner’ for ‘sail’); see Jesch (2001a, 163-4).
bjó ‘prepared’
notes
[3] bjó ‘prepared’: An example of the use of the 3rd pers. in a stanza of otherwise 2nd pers. narration. The reading of the mss gives acceptable sense, and so is retained here, although one may speculate that the original reading was 2nd pers. bjótt (as in st. 1/5; cf. st. 8/1, where emendation to 2nd pers. is required).
skreytir ‘the adorner’
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skreytir (noun m.): adorner
kennings
skreytir skauthreina‘the adorner of sail-reindeer ’
= SEAFARER
sail-reindeer → SHIPS
the adorner of SHIPS → SEAFARER
Skônunga ‘of the Skánungar’
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Skánungr (noun m.; °; -ar): one of the Skánungar
notes
[4] Skônunga ‘of the Skánungar’: The people of Skáney (Skåne), now south-west Sweden but then Danish territory, which Knútr may have been defending in the battle of Á in helga (Helgeå): see Note to st. 11/3.
liðvánir ‘the expected troops’
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liðván (noun f.): [expected troops]
notes
[4] liðvánir ‘the expected troops’: The interpretation followed here is that proposed in ÍF 35 (and apparently given support in Jesch 2001a, 198), whereby liðvánir is a f. acc. pl. noun ‘troop-expectations’ (i.e. ‘expected troops’, or perhaps ‘troops of whom there are high expectations’). Although the proposed cpd seems somewhat strained and hard to parallel, it agrees with the reading of the mss. Skj B, Skald, and Knýtl 1919-25, on the other hand, all emend ‑ir to ‑ar, to produce a kenning skauthreinar Vánar ‘sail-reindeer of Ván (where Ván is a river-name: see LP: 2. Vôn). However, since skauthreinn is already a kenning for ‘ship’, this emendation is not necessary or convincing.
Vôð ‘The cloth’
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váð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): clothes
notes
[5] vôð blés ‘the cloth billowed’: I.e. the sail. This is an impersonal construction, with vôð in acc. sg.
blés ‘billowed’
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2. blása (verb; °blǽss; blés, blésu; blásinn): blow
notes
[5] vôð blés ‘the cloth billowed’: I.e. the sail. This is an impersonal construction, with vôð in acc. sg.
of ‘over’
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
vísi ‘prince’
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vísi (noun m.; °-a): leader
vestr ‘westwards’
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2. vestr (adv.): west, in the west
settir ‘directed’
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setja (verb): place, set, establish
þú ‘you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
flesta ‘a great many’
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fleiri (adj. comp.; °superl. flestr): more, most
kunnt ‘known’
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kunna (verb): know, can, be able
þú ‘you’
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þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
notes
[7] þannig ‘in that way’: The mss have þenna, apparently a m. acc. sg. demonstrative, but there is no noun for þenna to agree with, as nafn is n. Emendation to þannig is therefore adopted here, as in Skj B, Skald and ÍF 35. The alternative emendation to þarna ‘there’ (e.g. Knýtl 1919-25) is closer to the ms. readings but does not supply skothending, and is doubtful since this and other applications of the suffix -na are more characteristic of later Icelandic.
þitt ‘your’
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þinn (pron.; °f. þín, n. þitt): your
nafn ‘name’
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nafn (noun n.; °-s; *-): name
í ‘across’
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í (prep.): in, into
haf ‘the sea’
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haf (noun n.; °-s; *-): sea
stafna ‘prows’
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stafn (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): prow
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Út fylgðu þér Jótar, |
The Jótar, reluctant to flee, accompanied you abroad, wealth-generous one; the adorner of sail-reindeer [SHIPS > SEAFARER] prepared the expected troops of the Skánungar. The cloth billowed over you, prince; you directed a great many prows westwards across the sea; you made your name known in that way.
This stanza is quoted directly after st. 1.
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