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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Ólhv Lv 2II

Lauren Goetting (ed.) 2009, ‘Óláfr hvítaskáld Þórðarson, Lausavísur 2’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 671-2.

Óláfr hvítaskáld ÞórðarsonLausavísur
12

Tjón ‘about the destruction’

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2. tjón (noun n.; °-s; -): loss

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hǫfum ‘We have’

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hafa (verb): have

[1] hǫfum: hafa Flat

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Birkibeina ‘of the Birkibeinar’

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birkibeinn (noun m.; °·beins, dat. ·bein; ·beinar): [Birkibeinar]

[1] Birkibeina: Birkibeinar Flat

notes

[1] Birkibeina ‘of the Birkibeinar’: See Note to Nefari Lv 1/1.

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bǫð ‘the battle’

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bǫð (noun f.; °-s; -): battle < bǫðhraustr (adj.)

notes

[2] bǫðhraustr ‘battle-daring’: Cf. Sturl Hákfl 6/6.

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hraustr ‘daring’

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hraustr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): strong, valiant < bǫðhraustr (adj.)

[2] ‑hraustr: hraustir F, ‑hraustir Flat

notes

[2] bǫðhraustr ‘battle-daring’: Cf. Sturl Hákfl 6/6.

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fregit ‘learned’

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1. fregna (verb): hear of

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austan ‘from the east’

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austan (adv.): from the east

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brátt ‘soon’

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bráðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): quick(ly)

[3] brátt: so F, 8, Flat, ‘brat’ E, betra 42ˣ, ‘batt’ 81a

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mun ‘will’

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munu (verb): will, must

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bug ‘’

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bugr (noun m.; °dat. -/-i): hollow, bend

notes

[3] rétta þann bug ‘set that right’: Lit. ‘straighten the bend’. Bǫðhraustr bragningr mun brátt rétta þann bug ‘the battle-daring king will soon set that right’ (ll. 2-4) foreshadows the battle of Oslo (21 April 1240), in which Skúli Bárðarson was defeated by Hákon and his men.

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þann ‘’

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1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

notes

[3] rétta þann bug ‘set that right’: Lit. ‘straighten the bend’. Bǫðhraustr bragningr mun brátt rétta þann bug ‘the battle-daring king will soon set that right’ (ll. 2-4) foreshadows the battle of Oslo (21 April 1240), in which Skúli Bárðarson was defeated by Hákon and his men.

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rétta ‘set that right’

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4. rétta (verb): set right

notes

[3] rétta þann bug ‘set that right’: Lit. ‘straighten the bend’. Bǫðhraustr bragningr mun brátt rétta þann bug ‘the battle-daring king will soon set that right’ (ll. 2-4) foreshadows the battle of Oslo (21 April 1240), in which Skúli Bárðarson was defeated by Hákon and his men.

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bragningr ‘king’

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bragningr (noun m.; °; -ar): prince, ruler

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ef ‘if’

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3. ef (conj.): if

notes

[4] ef vel hagnar ‘if all goes well’: The verb hagna ‘be suitable, advantageous’ is impersonal.

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vel ‘well’

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vel (adv.): well, very

[4] vel: ‘ve’ 81a

notes

[4] ef vel hagnar ‘if all goes well’: The verb hagna ‘be suitable, advantageous’ is impersonal.

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hagnar ‘goes’

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hagna (verb): turn out

notes

[4] ef vel hagnar ‘if all goes well’: The verb hagna ‘be suitable, advantageous’ is impersonal.

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Virðendr ‘The esteemers’

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virðandi (noun m.; °; -endr): guardian, appraiser

[5] Virðendr: ‘við þendr’ 42ˣ

kennings

Virðendr funa vápnglyms
‘The esteemers of the flame of weapon-noise ’
   = WARRIORS

weapon-noise → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
The esteemers of the SWORD → WARRIORS
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munu ‘will’

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munu (verb): will, must

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verða ‘be’

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1. verða (verb): become, be

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vápn ‘of weapon’

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vápn (noun n.; °-s; -): weapon < vápnglymr (noun m.)

kennings

Virðendr funa vápnglyms
‘The esteemers of the flame of weapon-noise ’
   = WARRIORS

weapon-noise → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
The esteemers of the SWORD → WARRIORS
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vápn ‘of weapon’

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vápn (noun n.; °-s; -): weapon < vápnglymr (noun m.)

kennings

Virðendr funa vápnglyms
‘The esteemers of the flame of weapon-noise ’
   = WARRIORS

weapon-noise → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
The esteemers of the SWORD → WARRIORS
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vápn ‘of weapon’

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vápn (noun n.; °-s; -): weapon < vápnglymr (noun m.)

kennings

Virðendr funa vápnglyms
‘The esteemers of the flame of weapon-noise ’
   = WARRIORS

weapon-noise → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
The esteemers of the SWORD → WARRIORS
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glyms ‘noise’

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glymr (noun m.): noise < vápnglymr (noun m.)

[6] ‑glyms: ‑glymir 8

kennings

Virðendr funa vápnglyms
‘The esteemers of the flame of weapon-noise ’
   = WARRIORS

weapon-noise → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
The esteemers of the SWORD → WARRIORS
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glyms ‘noise’

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glymr (noun m.): noise < vápnglymr (noun m.)

[6] ‑glyms: ‑glymir 8

kennings

Virðendr funa vápnglyms
‘The esteemers of the flame of weapon-noise ’
   = WARRIORS

weapon-noise → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
The esteemers of the SWORD → WARRIORS
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glyms ‘noise’

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glymr (noun m.): noise < vápnglymr (noun m.)

[6] ‑glyms: ‑glymir 8

kennings

Virðendr funa vápnglyms
‘The esteemers of the flame of weapon-noise ’
   = WARRIORS

weapon-noise → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
The esteemers of the SWORD → WARRIORS
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funa ‘of the flame’

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funi (noun m.): fire

[6] funa: vina E, ‘fíma’ F, Flat, vini(?) 42ˣ, finna 81a

kennings

Virðendr funa vápnglyms
‘The esteemers of the flame of weapon-noise ’
   = WARRIORS

weapon-noise → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
The esteemers of the SWORD → WARRIORS

notes

[6] funa ‘of the flame’: None of the mss variants makes sense in the present context. The emendation funa ‘of the flame’ (so Skj B, Skald) has been chosen because it yields good meaning in the warrior-kenning virðendr funa vápnglyms ‘the esteemers of the flame of weapon-noise’ (ll. 5, 6) (see Meissner 343).

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funa ‘of the flame’

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funi (noun m.): fire

[6] funa: vina E, ‘fíma’ F, Flat, vini(?) 42ˣ, finna 81a

kennings

Virðendr funa vápnglyms
‘The esteemers of the flame of weapon-noise ’
   = WARRIORS

weapon-noise → BATTLE
the flame of the BATTLE → SWORD
The esteemers of the SWORD → WARRIORS

notes

[6] funa ‘of the flame’: None of the mss variants makes sense in the present context. The emendation funa ‘of the flame’ (so Skj B, Skald) has been chosen because it yields good meaning in the warrior-kenning virðendr funa vápnglyms ‘the esteemers of the flame of weapon-noise’ (ll. 5, 6) (see Meissner 343).

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ymsir ‘in turn’

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veitk ‘I know’

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1. vita (verb): know

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at ‘that’

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4. at (conj.): that

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vart ‘badly’

[7] vart: ‘vort’ 42ˣ

notes

[7-8] hefr vegnat vart Knúti ‘it has gone badly for Knútr’: The verb vegna ‘proceed’ is used impersonally with a dat. object (see LP: vegna).

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hefr ‘it has’

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hafa (verb): have

notes

[7-8] hefr vegnat vart Knúti ‘it has gone badly for Knútr’: The verb vegna ‘proceed’ is used impersonally with a dat. object (see LP: vegna).

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Knúti ‘for Knútr’

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Knútr (noun m.): Knútr

notes

[7] Knúti ‘Knútr’: Jarl Knútr Hákonarson (d. 1261) became the royal pretender of the Ribbungar party in 1226, after the death of the previous leader Sigurðr ribbungr ‘Rabble’ Erlingsson. In 1227 Knútr was routed in battle by the Birkibeinar and subsequently transferred his allegiance to Hákon. See also Sturl Hákfl 6 and Note to 6/5. — [7-8] hefr vegnat vart Knúti ‘it has gone badly for Knútr’: The verb vegna ‘proceed’ is used impersonally with a dat. object (see LP: vegna).

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Knúti ‘for Knútr’

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Knútr (noun m.): Knútr

notes

[7] Knúti ‘Knútr’: Jarl Knútr Hákonarson (d. 1261) became the royal pretender of the Ribbungar party in 1226, after the death of the previous leader Sigurðr ribbungr ‘Rabble’ Erlingsson. In 1227 Knútr was routed in battle by the Birkibeinar and subsequently transferred his allegiance to Hákon. See also Sturl Hákfl 6 and Note to 6/5. — [7-8] hefr vegnat vart Knúti ‘it has gone badly for Knútr’: The verb vegna ‘proceed’ is used impersonally with a dat. object (see LP: vegna).

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vegnat ‘gone’

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1. vegna (verb): [turns out, gone]

[8] vegnat: verðat 42ˣ, vegnar 81a, ‘negn att’ 8

notes

[7-8] hefr vegnat vart Knúti ‘it has gone badly for Knútr’: The verb vegna ‘proceed’ is used impersonally with a dat. object (see LP: vegna).

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brǫgðum ‘by the exploits’

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bragð (noun n.; °-s; *-): action, movement, trick

[8] brǫgðum: so F, Flat, brǫgnum E, 42ˣ, 8, bragning 81a

notes

[8] brǫgðum (n. dat. pl.) ‘cunning exploits’: So F, Flat. Bragð (n. nom. sg.) can denote either ‘deeds, actions, exploits’ or more specifically ‘(cunning) deeds, tricks, schemes’ (see CVC: bragð III). The variant brǫgnum ‘men’ (so E, 42ˣ, 8) makes little sense in this context and would create a l. with three internal rhymes.

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

King Hákon was informed that the Birkibeinar, under the leadership of Jarl Knútr Hákonarson, were routed at the battle of Låke (9 March 1240) by the forces of Skúli Bárðarson.

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