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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Ólhv Hryn 1II

Lauren Goetting (ed.) 2009, ‘Óláfr hvítaskáld Þórðarson, Hrynhenda 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 658-9.

Óláfr hvítaskáld ÞórðarsonHrynhenda
12

Mærir ‘Illustrious’

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2. mærr (adj.): famous

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glǫddusk ‘were gladdened’

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gleðja (verb): gladden, rejoice

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miklu ‘by the great’

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mikill (adj.; °mikinn): great, large

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menn ‘men’

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maðr (noun m.): man, person

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báru ‘produced’

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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry

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[2] báru tvennan ávǫxt ‘produced offspring twice’: Lit. ‘bore two offspring’.

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þá ‘then’

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2. þá (adv.): then

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ávǫxt ‘offspring’

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ávǫxtr (noun m.; °·vaxtar (auoxtar DN IV (1342) 223¹), dat. ·vexti; acc. ·vǫxtu): fruit; offspring

notes

[2] báru tvennan ávǫxt ‘produced offspring twice’: Lit. ‘bore two offspring’.

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tvennan ‘twice’

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tvennr (adj.): two

[2] tvennan: ‘uennan’ 42ˣ

notes

[2] báru tvennan ávǫxt ‘produced offspring twice’: Lit. ‘bore two offspring’.

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veglig ‘magnificent’

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vegligr (adj.): magnificent

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sýndisk ‘appeared’

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sýna (verb): show, seem

[3] sýndisk: sýndr Flat

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viðr ‘trees’

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1. viðr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ir, acc. -u/-i): wood, tree

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[3] viðr (m. nom. sg.) ‘trees’: The sg. form can be used collectively to denote ‘trees’.

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ok ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

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fuglar ‘birds’

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fugl (noun m.): bird

[3] fuglar: fugla 325VIII 5 a

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vísa ‘the ruler’s’

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vísi (noun m.; °-a): leader

[4] vísa grein: ‘vísis rein’ 42ˣ

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[4] grein vísa ‘the ruler’s circumstances’: A pun is made on grein in its meanings ‘circumstances’ and ‘branch’, the latter of which includes the literal sense ‘branch of a tree’ and the metaphorical sense ‘branch of a family, royal line’ (see Fritzner: grein 2, 4). Grein vísa simultaneously denotes ‘the ruler’s circumstances’ and ‘the ruler’s branch’, i.e. ‘royal line’. On a literal level, grein vísa sýndisk veglig ‘the ruler’s branch appeared magnificent’ (ll. 3, 4) echoes the blossoming trees mentioned in ll. 2, 3, and metaphorically it refers to the royal dynasty from which Hákon descended.

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grein ‘circumstances’

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grein (noun f.): reason, period, branch

[4] vísa grein: ‘vísis rein’ 42ˣ

notes

[4] grein vísa ‘the ruler’s circumstances’: A pun is made on grein in its meanings ‘circumstances’ and ‘branch’, the latter of which includes the literal sense ‘branch of a tree’ and the metaphorical sense ‘branch of a family, royal line’ (see Fritzner: grein 2, 4). Grein vísa simultaneously denotes ‘the ruler’s circumstances’ and ‘the ruler’s branch’, i.e. ‘royal line’. On a literal level, grein vísa sýndisk veglig ‘the ruler’s branch appeared magnificent’ (ll. 3, 4) echoes the blossoming trees mentioned in ll. 2, 3, and metaphorically it refers to the royal dynasty from which Hákon descended.

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á ‘in’

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3. á (prep.): on, at

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sumri ‘summer’

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sumar (noun n.; °-s; sumur/sumar): summer

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Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

The st. documents the agricultural abundance in Norway during the summer after Hákon was elected king in 1217.

The prosperity in Norway around the time of Hákon’s election as king is described in very similar terms in Sturl Hákkv 4.

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