Mark Eirdr 5II
Jayne Carroll (ed.) 2009, ‘Markús Skeggjason, Eiríksdrápa 5’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 437-8.
Drengir ‘The warriors’
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drengr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir, gen. -ja): man, warrior
notes
[1] drengir ‘warriors’: For this meaning of the word, see Goetting 2006.
þôgu ‘received’
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þiggja (verb): receive, get
auð ‘wealth’
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1. auðr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-): wealth
yngva ‘the king’
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Yngvi (noun m.): Yngvi, prince
ǫrr ‘the generous’
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ǫrr (adj.): generous, brave
fylkir ‘leader’
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fylkir (noun m.): leader
gaf ‘gave’
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gefa (verb): give
sverð ‘swords’
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sverð (noun n.; °-s; -): sword
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
knǫrru ‘merchantships’
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knǫrr (noun m.; °knarrar, dat. knerri; knerrir, acc. knǫrru/knerri): (a kind of) ship
notes
[2] knǫrru ‘merchantships’: See Note to Steinn Óldr 13/2.
Eirekr ‘Eiríkr’
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Eiríkr (noun m.): Eiríkr
veitti ‘granted’
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2. veita (verb): grant, give
opt ‘often’
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opt (adv.): often
ok ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
stórum ‘freely’
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stórr (adj.): large, great
armleggjar ‘of the arm’
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armleggr (noun m.; °dat. -/-i; -ir, gen. -ja, dat. -jum/-um(var. ÆvMið² 76⁴ Æv AM 240XV fol 1r¹)): upper arm
kennings
rǫf armleggjar.‘the amber of the arm. ’
= GOLD
the amber of the arm. → GOLD
rǫf ‘the amber’
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rǫf (noun f.): amber
kennings
rǫf armleggjar.‘the amber of the arm. ’
= GOLD
the amber of the arm. → GOLD
dýrðar ‘glorious’
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dýrð (noun f.; °-ar/-a(NoDipl(1279) 44²); -ir): glory
[4] dýrðar: dýrum 180b
notes
[4] dýrðarseggjum ‘glorious men’: Dýrum seggjum ‘precious men’ (so 180b) is also possible but clearly a later simplification. The cpd dýrðarseggjum is a hap. leg. See also Note to st. 3/1 above.
seggjum ‘men’
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seggr (noun m.; °; -ir): man
notes
[4] dýrðarseggjum ‘glorious men’: Dýrum seggjum ‘precious men’ (so 180b) is also possible but clearly a later simplification. The cpd dýrðarseggjum is a hap. leg. See also Note to st. 3/1 above.
Hringum ‘rings’
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1. hringr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ar): ring; sword
notes
[5] eyddi hringum ‘destroyed rings’: I.e. he distributed treasures.
eyddi ‘destroyed’
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2. eyða (verb; °-dd-): destroy
notes
[5] eyddi hringum ‘destroyed rings’: I.e. he distributed treasures.
harra ‘of lords’
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1. harri (noun m.; °-a): lord
kennings
Hildarramr sløngvir harra‘The battle-mighty disperser of lords ’
= RULER
The battle-mighty disperser of lords → RULER
notes
[5] harra (m. gen. pl.) ‘of lords’: Earlier eds follow Skj B in emending harra to hodda ‘treasures’ (sløngvir hodda ‘the distributor of treasures’, i.e. ‘generous king’), presumably because sløngvir ‘disperser’ is normally qualified by inanimate determinants, especially ones referring to ‘treasure’. Given the ring-distributing context, this is appropriate if tautologous. However, all mss agree on harra, and LP: sløngvir offers a feasible extended meaning for the base-word sløngvir, coupled with harra: som fælder konger (jager dem bort) ‘who fells kings (drives them away)’.
sløngvir ‘disperser’
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sløngvir (noun m.): slinger
[5] sløngvir: so 20b I, 180b, sløngvit JÓ, 873ˣ
kennings
Hildarramr sløngvir harra‘The battle-mighty disperser of lords ’
= RULER
The battle-mighty disperser of lords → RULER
hildar ‘The battle’
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1. hildr (noun f.): battle
kennings
Hildarramr sløngvir harra‘The battle-mighty disperser of lords ’
= RULER
The battle-mighty disperser of lords → RULER
ramr ‘mighty’
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rammr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): mighty
kennings
Hildarramr sløngvir harra‘The battle-mighty disperser of lords ’
= RULER
The battle-mighty disperser of lords → RULER
en ‘and’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
stillir ‘the controller’
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stillir (noun m.): ruler
kennings
stillir stóls Fróða‘the controller of Fróði’s seat ’
= Eiríkr
Fróði’s seat → Denmark
the controller of DENMARK → Eiríkr
framði ‘advanced’
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fremja (verb): advance, perform
fyrða ‘of men’
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2. fyrðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -): man
flestir ‘most’
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fleiri (adj. comp.; °superl. flestr): more, most
urðu ‘became’
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1. verða (verb): become, be
Fróða ‘of Fróði’s’
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Fróði (noun m.): Fróði
kennings
stillir stóls Fróða‘the controller of Fróði’s seat ’
= Eiríkr
Fróði’s seat → Denmark
the controller of DENMARK → Eiríkr
notes
[8] stóls Fróða ‘of Fróði’s seat [= Denmark]’: There are several legendary kings named Fróði (see SnE 1998, II, 460). Here two are most likely alluded to: the Fróði I (inn friðgóði ‘the peaceful’) of the Dan. Skjǫldungr dynasty (ÍF 35, liv-lv, 14) and the legendary figure associated with Fróði’s mill, who sets the two giantesses Fenja and Menja to grind gold for him, as told in Grottasǫngr (Grott, see SnE 1998, I, 51-7). Thus stóls Fróða not only refers to Eiríkr’s Dan. realm, but also to the wealth which is his to disperse. It is possible, although less satisfactory, to take this phrase as qualifying fyrða kyn: kyn fyrða stóls Fróða ‘the kin of men of Fróði’s seat’ i.e. ‘Danes’.
Fróða ‘of Fróði’s’
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Fróði (noun m.): Fróði
kennings
stillir stóls Fróða‘the controller of Fróði’s seat ’
= Eiríkr
Fróði’s seat → Denmark
the controller of DENMARK → Eiríkr
notes
[8] stóls Fróða ‘of Fróði’s seat [= Denmark]’: There are several legendary kings named Fróði (see SnE 1998, II, 460). Here two are most likely alluded to: the Fróði I (inn friðgóði ‘the peaceful’) of the Dan. Skjǫldungr dynasty (ÍF 35, liv-lv, 14) and the legendary figure associated with Fróði’s mill, who sets the two giantesses Fenja and Menja to grind gold for him, as told in Grottasǫngr (Grott, see SnE 1998, I, 51-7). Thus stóls Fróða not only refers to Eiríkr’s Dan. realm, but also to the wealth which is his to disperse. It is possible, although less satisfactory, to take this phrase as qualifying fyrða kyn: kyn fyrða stóls Fróða ‘the kin of men of Fróði’s seat’ i.e. ‘Danes’.
stóls ‘seat’
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1. stóll (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): seat, throne
kennings
stillir stóls Fróða‘the controller of Fróði’s seat ’
= Eiríkr
Fróði’s seat → Denmark
the controller of DENMARK → Eiríkr
notes
[8] stóls Fróða ‘of Fróði’s seat [= Denmark]’: There are several legendary kings named Fróði (see SnE 1998, II, 460). Here two are most likely alluded to: the Fróði I (inn friðgóði ‘the peaceful’) of the Dan. Skjǫldungr dynasty (ÍF 35, liv-lv, 14) and the legendary figure associated with Fróði’s mill, who sets the two giantesses Fenja and Menja to grind gold for him, as told in Grottasǫngr (Grott, see SnE 1998, I, 51-7). Thus stóls Fróða not only refers to Eiríkr’s Dan. realm, but also to the wealth which is his to disperse. It is possible, although less satisfactory, to take this phrase as qualifying fyrða kyn: kyn fyrða stóls Fróða ‘the kin of men of Fróði’s seat’ i.e. ‘Danes’.
stóls ‘seat’
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1. stóll (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): seat, throne
kennings
stillir stóls Fróða‘the controller of Fróði’s seat ’
= Eiríkr
Fróði’s seat → Denmark
the controller of DENMARK → Eiríkr
notes
[8] stóls Fróða ‘of Fróði’s seat [= Denmark]’: There are several legendary kings named Fróði (see SnE 1998, II, 460). Here two are most likely alluded to: the Fróði I (inn friðgóði ‘the peaceful’) of the Dan. Skjǫldungr dynasty (ÍF 35, liv-lv, 14) and the legendary figure associated with Fróði’s mill, who sets the two giantesses Fenja and Menja to grind gold for him, as told in Grottasǫngr (Grott, see SnE 1998, I, 51-7). Thus stóls Fróða not only refers to Eiríkr’s Dan. realm, but also to the wealth which is his to disperse. It is possible, although less satisfactory, to take this phrase as qualifying fyrða kyn: kyn fyrða stóls Fróða ‘the kin of men of Fróði’s seat’ i.e. ‘Danes’.
af ‘through’
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af (prep.): from
hônum ‘him’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
góðir ‘wealthy’
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góðr (adj.): good
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The warriors received wealth from the king; the generous leader gave swords and merchantships; Eiríkr granted glorious men often and freely the amber of the arm [GOLD]. The battle-mighty disperser of lords [RULER] destroyed rings, and the controller of Fróði’s seat [= Denmark > = Eiríkr] advanced the kin of men, so that most became wealthy through him.
The st. illustrates Eiríkr’s munificence.
For a similar display of royal generosity, see Steinn Óldr 13-16.
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