Mark Eirdr 32II
Jayne Carroll (ed.) 2009, ‘Markús Skeggjason, Eiríksdrápa 32’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 460.
Fjarri ‘unlikely’
(not checked:)
fjarri (adv.): far, far from it, unlikely
hefr ‘It is’
(not checked:)
hafa (verb): have
at ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
fœðisk ‘might be born’
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2. fœða (verb): to feed, give food to, bring up, bear, give birth to
[1] fœðisk: finnisk B(5r/6), B(5r/19)
notes
[1] fœðisk ‘might be born’: Finnisk (subj.) ‘might be found’, the reading of B, provides an acceptable alternative reading.
dýrri ‘a more precious’
(not checked:)
dýrr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -str/-astr): precious
kennings
dýrri vǫrðr flotna‘a more precious guardian of sea-warriors ’
= RULER
a more precious guardian of sea-warriors → RULER
flotna ‘of sea-warriors’
(not checked:)
flotnar (noun m.): mariners
kennings
dýrri vǫrðr flotna‘a more precious guardian of sea-warriors ’
= RULER
a more precious guardian of sea-warriors → RULER
vǫrðr ‘guardian’
(not checked:)
vǫrðr (noun m.; °varðar, dat. verði/vǫrð; verðir, acc. vǫrðu): guardian, defender
kennings
dýrri vǫrðr flotna‘a more precious guardian of sea-warriors ’
= RULER
a more precious guardian of sea-warriors → RULER
á ‘on’
(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at
notes
[2, 4] á gjalfri kringðum botni élkers ‘on the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH]’: Cf. Sturl Hákkv 5/6-8 á víðum botni vindkers, kringðum gjálfri ‘on the wide bottom of the wind-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH], encircled by the surge’.
él ‘of the storm’
(not checked:)
él (noun n.; °; dat. -um): storm < élker (noun n.): [storm-vessel]
kennings
gjalfri kringðum botni élkers;‘the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel; ’
= EARTH
the storm-vessel; → SKY/HEAVEN
the surge-encircled bottom of the SKY/HEAVEN → EARTH
notes
[2, 4] á gjalfri kringðum botni élkers ‘on the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH]’: Cf. Sturl Hákkv 5/6-8 á víðum botni vindkers, kringðum gjálfri ‘on the wide bottom of the wind-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH], encircled by the surge’.
él ‘of the storm’
(not checked:)
él (noun n.; °; dat. -um): storm < élker (noun n.): [storm-vessel]
kennings
gjalfri kringðum botni élkers;‘the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel; ’
= EARTH
the storm-vessel; → SKY/HEAVEN
the surge-encircled bottom of the SKY/HEAVEN → EARTH
notes
[2, 4] á gjalfri kringðum botni élkers ‘on the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH]’: Cf. Sturl Hákkv 5/6-8 á víðum botni vindkers, kringðum gjálfri ‘on the wide bottom of the wind-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH], encircled by the surge’.
kers ‘vessel’
(not checked:)
ker (noun n.): vessel < élker (noun n.): [storm-vessel]
kennings
gjalfri kringðum botni élkers;‘the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel; ’
= EARTH
the storm-vessel; → SKY/HEAVEN
the surge-encircled bottom of the SKY/HEAVEN → EARTH
notes
[2, 4] á gjalfri kringðum botni élkers ‘on the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH]’: Cf. Sturl Hákkv 5/6-8 á víðum botni vindkers, kringðum gjálfri ‘on the wide bottom of the wind-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH], encircled by the surge’.
kers ‘vessel’
(not checked:)
ker (noun n.): vessel < élker (noun n.): [storm-vessel]
kennings
gjalfri kringðum botni élkers;‘the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel; ’
= EARTH
the storm-vessel; → SKY/HEAVEN
the surge-encircled bottom of the SKY/HEAVEN → EARTH
notes
[2, 4] á gjalfri kringðum botni élkers ‘on the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH]’: Cf. Sturl Hákkv 5/6-8 á víðum botni vindkers, kringðum gjálfri ‘on the wide bottom of the wind-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH], encircled by the surge’.
botni ‘bottom’
(not checked:)
botn (noun m.; °dat. -i; -ar): bottom
kennings
gjalfri kringðum botni élkers;‘the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel; ’
= EARTH
the storm-vessel; → SKY/HEAVEN
the surge-encircled bottom of the SKY/HEAVEN → EARTH
notes
[2, 4] á gjalfri kringðum botni élkers ‘on the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH]’: Cf. Sturl Hákkv 5/6-8 á víðum botni vindkers, kringðum gjálfri ‘on the wide bottom of the wind-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH], encircled by the surge’.
hôva ‘the noble’
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3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high
leyfir ‘praises’
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leyfa (verb): permit; praise
hverr ‘each’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
[3] hverr: ‘[…]verr’ B(5r/6), hverr 744ˣ
maðr ‘person’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person
ævi ‘life’
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ævi (noun f.; °-/-ar): life
hring ‘of the ring’
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1. hringr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ar): ring; sword < hringvǫrpuðr (noun m.)
kennings
hringvarpaðar.‘of the ring-thrower.’
= GENEROUS RULER
the ring-thrower. → GENEROUS RULER
varpaðar ‘thrower’
(not checked:)
varpaðr (noun m.): [thrower] < hringvǫrpuðr (noun m.)
[4] ‑varpaðar: ‑varpaðan B(5r/6)
kennings
hringvarpaðar.‘of the ring-thrower.’
= GENEROUS RULER
the ring-thrower. → GENEROUS RULER
gjalfri ‘the surge’
(not checked:)
gjalfr (noun n.; °-s): surge, waves
kennings
gjalfri kringðum botni élkers;‘the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel; ’
= EARTH
the storm-vessel; → SKY/HEAVEN
the surge-encircled bottom of the SKY/HEAVEN → EARTH
notes
[2, 4] á gjalfri kringðum botni élkers ‘on the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH]’: Cf. Sturl Hákkv 5/6-8 á víðum botni vindkers, kringðum gjálfri ‘on the wide bottom of the wind-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH], encircled by the surge’.
kringðum ‘encircled’
(not checked:)
kringja (verb): encircle, make round
kennings
gjalfri kringðum botni élkers;‘the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel; ’
= EARTH
the storm-vessel; → SKY/HEAVEN
the surge-encircled bottom of the SKY/HEAVEN → EARTH
notes
[2, 4] á gjalfri kringðum botni élkers ‘on the surge-encircled bottom of the storm-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH]’: Cf. Sturl Hákkv 5/6-8 á víðum botni vindkers, kringðum gjálfri ‘on the wide bottom of the wind-vessel [SKY/HEAVEN > EARTH], encircled by the surge’.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
This helmingr is cited in SnE (Skm) in a section illustrating kennings for ‘sky’. The first l. is repeated in the following section, on kennings for ‘earth’. In B, the half-st. is recorded in a section with kennings for ‘the world’ and l. 1 is repeated in the subsequent section with kennings for ‘earth’.
The content of the helmingr contains formulas characteristic of the conclusions of royal encomia (see Fidjestøl 1982, 153).
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