Mark Eirdr 20II
Jayne Carroll (ed.) 2009, ‘Markús Skeggjason, Eiríksdrápa 20’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 449.
Heiðin ‘The heathen’
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heiðinn (adj.): heathen
vôru ‘were’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
hjǫrtu ‘hearts’
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hjarta (noun n.; °-; *-u): heart
lýða ‘of people’
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lýðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir): one of the people
hryggðar ‘sorrow’
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hryggð (noun f.; °-ar): sorrow < hryggðarfullr (adj.)
[2] hryggðar‑: hryggða‑ 180b
full ‘ful’
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2. fullr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): full, complete < hryggðarfullr (adj.)
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
Vinða ‘of the Wends’
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Vinðr (noun m.; °; vinðr/-ir): the Wends
byggðum ‘the settlements’
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byggð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): dwelling, settlement
notes
[3] eldi (dat. sg.) ‘fire’: Skald adopts the reading of 180b, eldrinn (nom. sg. with def. art) ‘the fire’, but impersonal svífa ‘sweep’ with dat. is an acceptable construction, and cf. st. 18/1, where the scribe of 180b similarly converts impersonal drífa ‘splatter’ with dat. to a personal construction.
sveif ‘swept’
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svífa (verb): sweep
of ‘around’
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3. of (prep.): around, from; too
ótal ‘an untold number’
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ótal (noun n.): countless
haulda ‘of freeholders’
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hǫlðr (noun m.; °-s; -ar): man
notes
[3] haulda (gen. pl.) ‘of freeholders’: For this form, see Note to Anon Nkt 15/2.
Eirekr ‘Eiríkr’
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Eiríkr (noun m.): Eiríkr
brenndi ‘burned’
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3. brenna (verb; (weak, transitive)): to burn (weak, intr.)
sali ‘halls’
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1. salr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; dat. sǫlum): hall
þeira ‘their’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
Eisur ‘Flames’
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1. eisa (noun f.; °; -ur): flame, ember
kyndusk ‘were kindled’
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kynda (verb): kindle
hôtt ‘high’
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3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high
[5] hôtt: ‘katt’ 873ˣ
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
húsum ‘the houses’
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hús (noun n.; °-s; -): house
hallir ‘halls’
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1. hǫll (noun f.; °hallar, dat. -u/-; hallir): hall
nôðu ‘’
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1. ná (verb): reach, get, manage
vítt ‘far and wide’
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víðr (adj.): far
at ‘’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
falla ‘fell’
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falla (verb): fall
óttu ‘night’
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1. ótta (noun f.; °-u): dawn
leið ‘passed’
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1. líða (verb): move, glide
en ‘and’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
uppi ‘up’
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uppi (adv.): up, up in
notes
[7-8] grand elris þótti ‘the harmer of the alder-tree [FIRE] seemed’: 180b offers a grammatically and metrically acceptable, but unlikely, alternative with the verb and the subject in the pl.: grǫnd elris þóttu ‘the harmers of the alder-tree seemed’.
elris ‘of the alder-tree’
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elri (noun n.): alder-tree
kennings
grand elris‘the harmer of the alder-tree ’
= FIRE
the harmer of the alder-tree → FIRE
notes
[7-8] grand elris þótti ‘the harmer of the alder-tree [FIRE] seemed’: 180b offers a grammatically and metrically acceptable, but unlikely, alternative with the verb and the subject in the pl.: grǫnd elris þóttu ‘the harmers of the alder-tree seemed’.
kennings
grand elris‘the harmer of the alder-tree ’
= FIRE
the harmer of the alder-tree → FIRE
notes
[7-8] grand elris þótti ‘the harmer of the alder-tree [FIRE] seemed’: 180b offers a grammatically and metrically acceptable, but unlikely, alternative with the verb and the subject in the pl.: grǫnd elris þóttu ‘the harmers of the alder-tree seemed’.
í ‘into’
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í (prep.): in, into
himni ‘heaven’
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himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky
[8] himni: himin 180b
standa ‘to stretch’
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standa (verb): stand
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The heathen hearts of people were sorrowful in the settlements of the Wends; fire swept around an untold number of freeholders; Eiríkr burned their halls. Flames were kindled high in the houses; halls fell far and wide; night passed, and the harmer of the alder-tree [FIRE] seemed to stretch up into heaven.
As sts 14-19. After the victory described in st. 19, Eiríkr set out with his army to punish the insubordinate Wends, burning districts far and wide.
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