Kolb Jónv 4VII
Beatrice La Farge (ed.) 2007, ‘Kolbeinn Tumason, Jónsvísur 4’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 226.
Kœnn ‘Wise’
(not checked:)
2. kœnn (adj.; °superl. kǿnstr/kǿnastr): wise, skilful
notes
[1, 2, 4] þú lézt hag hreinnar drótningar hugat blíðliga síðan ‘you let the circumstances of the pure queen be attended to kindly thereafter’: The ms. reading ‘leitz’ could be interpreted as the 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb líta ‘to look’, leizt ‘looked’ or as the corresponding m.v. form ‘looked at yourself/for yourself’. Neither verb form makes sense in the passage at hand and all eds follow Bugge’s emendation to lézt (= 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb láta ‘let’; Jón4 1874, 935). Bugge’s emendation of hugat ‘attended to’ to huggat ‘comforted’ (Jón4 1874, 935 n. 2) makes the l. too long by introducing a long plus a short syllable (= 2 syllables).
þú ‘you’
(not checked:)
þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
notes
[1, 2, 4] þú lézt hag hreinnar drótningar hugat blíðliga síðan ‘you let the circumstances of the pure queen be attended to kindly thereafter’: The ms. reading ‘leitz’ could be interpreted as the 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb líta ‘to look’, leizt ‘looked’ or as the corresponding m.v. form ‘looked at yourself/for yourself’. Neither verb form makes sense in the passage at hand and all eds follow Bugge’s emendation to lézt (= 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb láta ‘let’; Jón4 1874, 935). Bugge’s emendation of hugat ‘attended to’ to huggat ‘comforted’ (Jón4 1874, 935 n. 2) makes the l. too long by introducing a long plus a short syllable (= 2 syllables).
hag ‘the circumstances’
(not checked:)
1. hagr (noun m.; °-s; -ir): situation, condition
notes
[1, 2, 4] þú lézt hag hreinnar drótningar hugat blíðliga síðan ‘you let the circumstances of the pure queen be attended to kindly thereafter’: The ms. reading ‘leitz’ could be interpreted as the 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb líta ‘to look’, leizt ‘looked’ or as the corresponding m.v. form ‘looked at yourself/for yourself’. Neither verb form makes sense in the passage at hand and all eds follow Bugge’s emendation to lézt (= 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb láta ‘let’; Jón4 1874, 935). Bugge’s emendation of hugat ‘attended to’ to huggat ‘comforted’ (Jón4 1874, 935 n. 2) makes the l. too long by introducing a long plus a short syllable (= 2 syllables).
hreinnar ‘of the pure’
(not checked:)
2. hreinn (adj.; °compar. hreinari/hreinni, superl. hreinastr/hreinstr): pure
notes
[1, 2, 4] þú lézt hag hreinnar drótningar hugat blíðliga síðan ‘you let the circumstances of the pure queen be attended to kindly thereafter’: The ms. reading ‘leitz’ could be interpreted as the 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb líta ‘to look’, leizt ‘looked’ or as the corresponding m.v. form ‘looked at yourself/for yourself’. Neither verb form makes sense in the passage at hand and all eds follow Bugge’s emendation to lézt (= 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb láta ‘let’; Jón4 1874, 935). Bugge’s emendation of hugat ‘attended to’ to huggat ‘comforted’ (Jón4 1874, 935 n. 2) makes the l. too long by introducing a long plus a short syllable (= 2 syllables).
hǫfðingi ‘chieftain’
(not checked:)
hǫfðingi (noun m.; °-ja; -jar): chieftain
drótningar ‘queen’
(not checked:)
dróttning (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-, acc. -u/-; -ar): queen
notes
[1, 2, 4] þú lézt hag hreinnar drótningar hugat blíðliga síðan ‘you let the circumstances of the pure queen be attended to kindly thereafter’: The ms. reading ‘leitz’ could be interpreted as the 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb líta ‘to look’, leizt ‘looked’ or as the corresponding m.v. form ‘looked at yourself/for yourself’. Neither verb form makes sense in the passage at hand and all eds follow Bugge’s emendation to lézt (= 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb láta ‘let’; Jón4 1874, 935). Bugge’s emendation of hugat ‘attended to’ to huggat ‘comforted’ (Jón4 1874, 935 n. 2) makes the l. too long by introducing a long plus a short syllable (= 2 syllables).
hafs ‘of the sea’
(not checked:)
haf (noun n.; °-s; *-): sea
kennings
hafs hyrþǫll‘sea’s fire-fir sapling’
= WOMAN = Mary
the fire of the sea → GOLD
the fir sapling of the GOLD → WOMAN = Mary
notes
[3] meðan hafs hyr þǫll lifði ‘as long as the fir-sapling of the fire of the sea [GOLD > WOMAN = Mary] lived’: The first element of the cpd hyrþǫll (hyrr ‘fire’) is the base-word of a kenning for GOLD: hyrr ... hafs ‘fire of the sea’; this kenning for GOLD is the determinant of a kenning for WOMAN whose base-word is þǫllr ‘fir-sapling, young fir’, the second element of the cpd hyrþǫll: hafs hyrþǫll ‘fir-sapling of the sea’, ‘one who distributes gold’ [GOLD > WOMAN], the whole of this inverted kenning referring to the Virgin Mary.
hafs ‘of the sea’
(not checked:)
haf (noun n.; °-s; *-): sea
kennings
hafs hyrþǫll‘sea’s fire-fir sapling’
= WOMAN = Mary
the fire of the sea → GOLD
the fir sapling of the GOLD → WOMAN = Mary
notes
[3] meðan hafs hyr þǫll lifði ‘as long as the fir-sapling of the fire of the sea [GOLD > WOMAN = Mary] lived’: The first element of the cpd hyrþǫll (hyrr ‘fire’) is the base-word of a kenning for GOLD: hyrr ... hafs ‘fire of the sea’; this kenning for GOLD is the determinant of a kenning for WOMAN whose base-word is þǫllr ‘fir-sapling, young fir’, the second element of the cpd hyrþǫll: hafs hyrþǫll ‘fir-sapling of the sea’, ‘one who distributes gold’ [GOLD > WOMAN], the whole of this inverted kenning referring to the Virgin Mary.
meðan ‘as long as’
(not checked:)
meðan (conj.): while
notes
[3] meðan hafs hyr þǫll lifði ‘as long as the fir-sapling of the fire of the sea [GOLD > WOMAN = Mary] lived’: The first element of the cpd hyrþǫll (hyrr ‘fire’) is the base-word of a kenning for GOLD: hyrr ... hafs ‘fire of the sea’; this kenning for GOLD is the determinant of a kenning for WOMAN whose base-word is þǫllr ‘fir-sapling, young fir’, the second element of the cpd hyrþǫll: hafs hyrþǫll ‘fir-sapling of the sea’, ‘one who distributes gold’ [GOLD > WOMAN], the whole of this inverted kenning referring to the Virgin Mary.
hyr ‘of the fire’
(not checked:)
hyrr (noun m.): fire < hyrþǫll (noun f.)
kennings
hafs hyrþǫll‘sea’s fire-fir sapling’
= WOMAN = Mary
the fire of the sea → GOLD
the fir sapling of the GOLD → WOMAN = Mary
notes
[3] meðan hafs hyr þǫll lifði ‘as long as the fir-sapling of the fire of the sea [GOLD > WOMAN = Mary] lived’: The first element of the cpd hyrþǫll (hyrr ‘fire’) is the base-word of a kenning for GOLD: hyrr ... hafs ‘fire of the sea’; this kenning for GOLD is the determinant of a kenning for WOMAN whose base-word is þǫllr ‘fir-sapling, young fir’, the second element of the cpd hyrþǫll: hafs hyrþǫll ‘fir-sapling of the sea’, ‘one who distributes gold’ [GOLD > WOMAN], the whole of this inverted kenning referring to the Virgin Mary.
hyr ‘of the fire’
(not checked:)
hyrr (noun m.): fire < hyrþǫll (noun f.)
kennings
hafs hyrþǫll‘sea’s fire-fir sapling’
= WOMAN = Mary
the fire of the sea → GOLD
the fir sapling of the GOLD → WOMAN = Mary
notes
[3] meðan hafs hyr þǫll lifði ‘as long as the fir-sapling of the fire of the sea [GOLD > WOMAN = Mary] lived’: The first element of the cpd hyrþǫll (hyrr ‘fire’) is the base-word of a kenning for GOLD: hyrr ... hafs ‘fire of the sea’; this kenning for GOLD is the determinant of a kenning for WOMAN whose base-word is þǫllr ‘fir-sapling, young fir’, the second element of the cpd hyrþǫll: hafs hyrþǫll ‘fir-sapling of the sea’, ‘one who distributes gold’ [GOLD > WOMAN], the whole of this inverted kenning referring to the Virgin Mary.
þǫll ‘the fir sapling’
(not checked:)
þǫll (noun f.): fir-tree < hyrþǫll (noun f.)
kennings
hafs hyrþǫll‘sea’s fire-fir sapling’
= WOMAN = Mary
the fire of the sea → GOLD
the fir sapling of the GOLD → WOMAN = Mary
notes
[3] meðan hafs hyr þǫll lifði ‘as long as the fir-sapling of the fire of the sea [GOLD > WOMAN = Mary] lived’: The first element of the cpd hyrþǫll (hyrr ‘fire’) is the base-word of a kenning for GOLD: hyrr ... hafs ‘fire of the sea’; this kenning for GOLD is the determinant of a kenning for WOMAN whose base-word is þǫllr ‘fir-sapling, young fir’, the second element of the cpd hyrþǫll: hafs hyrþǫll ‘fir-sapling of the sea’, ‘one who distributes gold’ [GOLD > WOMAN], the whole of this inverted kenning referring to the Virgin Mary.
lifði ‘lived’
(not checked:)
lifa (verb): live
notes
[3] meðan hafs hyr þǫll lifði ‘as long as the fir-sapling of the fire of the sea [GOLD > WOMAN = Mary] lived’: The first element of the cpd hyrþǫll (hyrr ‘fire’) is the base-word of a kenning for GOLD: hyrr ... hafs ‘fire of the sea’; this kenning for GOLD is the determinant of a kenning for WOMAN whose base-word is þǫllr ‘fir-sapling, young fir’, the second element of the cpd hyrþǫll: hafs hyrþǫll ‘fir-sapling of the sea’, ‘one who distributes gold’ [GOLD > WOMAN], the whole of this inverted kenning referring to the Virgin Mary.
hugat ‘be attended to’
(not checked:)
huga (verb): consider, mind, think
notes
[1, 2, 4] þú lézt hag hreinnar drótningar hugat blíðliga síðan ‘you let the circumstances of the pure queen be attended to kindly thereafter’: The ms. reading ‘leitz’ could be interpreted as the 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb líta ‘to look’, leizt ‘looked’ or as the corresponding m.v. form ‘looked at yourself/for yourself’. Neither verb form makes sense in the passage at hand and all eds follow Bugge’s emendation to lézt (= 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb láta ‘let’; Jón4 1874, 935). Bugge’s emendation of hugat ‘attended to’ to huggat ‘comforted’ (Jón4 1874, 935 n. 2) makes the l. too long by introducing a long plus a short syllable (= 2 syllables).
blíðliga ‘kindly’
(not checked:)
blíðliga (adv.; °superl. -ast): [kindly]
notes
[1, 2, 4] þú lézt hag hreinnar drótningar hugat blíðliga síðan ‘you let the circumstances of the pure queen be attended to kindly thereafter’: The ms. reading ‘leitz’ could be interpreted as the 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb líta ‘to look’, leizt ‘looked’ or as the corresponding m.v. form ‘looked at yourself/for yourself’. Neither verb form makes sense in the passage at hand and all eds follow Bugge’s emendation to lézt (= 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb láta ‘let’; Jón4 1874, 935). Bugge’s emendation of hugat ‘attended to’ to huggat ‘comforted’ (Jón4 1874, 935 n. 2) makes the l. too long by introducing a long plus a short syllable (= 2 syllables).
síðan ‘thereafter’
(not checked:)
síðan (adv.): later, then
notes
[1, 2, 4] þú lézt hag hreinnar drótningar hugat blíðliga síðan ‘you let the circumstances of the pure queen be attended to kindly thereafter’: The ms. reading ‘leitz’ could be interpreted as the 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb líta ‘to look’, leizt ‘looked’ or as the corresponding m.v. form ‘looked at yourself/for yourself’. Neither verb form makes sense in the passage at hand and all eds follow Bugge’s emendation to lézt (= 2nd pers. sg. pret. indic. form of the verb láta ‘let’; Jón4 1874, 935). Bugge’s emendation of hugat ‘attended to’ to huggat ‘comforted’ (Jón4 1874, 935 n. 2) makes the l. too long by introducing a long plus a short syllable (= 2 syllables).
Þér ‘to you’
(not checked:)
þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
var ‘was’
(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
hón ‘She’
(not checked:)
hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
sem ‘as’
(not checked:)
sem (conj.): as, which
hárar ‘of the high’
(not checked:)
3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high
kennings
hildingr hárar þekju éla‘the warlord of the high thatch of snowstorms ’
= God
the high thatch of snowstorms → SKY/HEAVEN
the warlord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
notes
[5, 6, 7] hildingr hárar þekju éla ‘{the warlord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ]’: The ms. reading is ‘harar’, which could be normalised to harrar (nom. pl. of harri ‘lord’) or to harar (f. gen. sg. or f. nom./acc. pl. of the adj. hár ‘high’; r appears in mss as a grapheme for rr or for r, cf. Lindblad 1954, 73, 206-7). Here it is evidently the f. gen. sg. of hár ‘high’ and modifies the base-word (þekju ‘thatch, roof’) of the kenning for ‘heaven’ þekju éla ‘thatch of snow-storms’, which in turn is the determinant of a sannkenning for Christ: hárar hildingr ... éla þekiu ‘{(war)lord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ].
hárar ‘of the high’
(not checked:)
3. hár (adj.; °-van; compar. hǽrri, superl. hǽstr): high
kennings
hildingr hárar þekju éla‘the warlord of the high thatch of snowstorms ’
= God
the high thatch of snowstorms → SKY/HEAVEN
the warlord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
notes
[5, 6, 7] hildingr hárar þekju éla ‘{the warlord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ]’: The ms. reading is ‘harar’, which could be normalised to harrar (nom. pl. of harri ‘lord’) or to harar (f. gen. sg. or f. nom./acc. pl. of the adj. hár ‘high’; r appears in mss as a grapheme for rr or for r, cf. Lindblad 1954, 73, 206-7). Here it is evidently the f. gen. sg. of hár ‘high’ and modifies the base-word (þekju ‘thatch, roof’) of the kenning for ‘heaven’ þekju éla ‘thatch of snow-storms’, which in turn is the determinant of a sannkenning for Christ: hárar hildingr ... éla þekiu ‘{(war)lord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ].
hildingr ‘the warlord’
(not checked:)
hildingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
kennings
hildingr hárar þekju éla‘the warlord of the high thatch of snowstorms ’
= God
the high thatch of snowstorms → SKY/HEAVEN
the warlord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
notes
[5, 6, 7] hildingr hárar þekju éla ‘{the warlord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ]’: The ms. reading is ‘harar’, which could be normalised to harrar (nom. pl. of harri ‘lord’) or to harar (f. gen. sg. or f. nom./acc. pl. of the adj. hár ‘high’; r appears in mss as a grapheme for rr or for r, cf. Lindblad 1954, 73, 206-7). Here it is evidently the f. gen. sg. of hár ‘high’ and modifies the base-word (þekju ‘thatch, roof’) of the kenning for ‘heaven’ þekju éla ‘thatch of snow-storms’, which in turn is the determinant of a sannkenning for Christ: hárar hildingr ... éla þekiu ‘{(war)lord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ].
skipa ‘arranged’
(not checked:)
1. skipa (verb): change, place
vildi ‘wanted’
(not checked:)
vilja (verb): want, intend
ykr ‘you’
(not checked:)
þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you
lofar ‘praise’
(not checked:)
lof (noun n.; °-s; -): praise, leave, permission
éla ‘of snowstorms’
(not checked:)
él (noun n.; °; dat. -um): storm
kennings
hildingr hárar þekju éla‘the warlord of the high thatch of snowstorms ’
= God
the high thatch of snowstorms → SKY/HEAVEN
the warlord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
notes
[5, 6, 7] hildingr hárar þekju éla ‘{the warlord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ]’: The ms. reading is ‘harar’, which could be normalised to harrar (nom. pl. of harri ‘lord’) or to harar (f. gen. sg. or f. nom./acc. pl. of the adj. hár ‘high’; r appears in mss as a grapheme for rr or for r, cf. Lindblad 1954, 73, 206-7). Here it is evidently the f. gen. sg. of hár ‘high’ and modifies the base-word (þekju ‘thatch, roof’) of the kenning for ‘heaven’ þekju éla ‘thatch of snow-storms’, which in turn is the determinant of a sannkenning for Christ: hárar hildingr ... éla þekiu ‘{(war)lord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ].
éla ‘of snowstorms’
(not checked:)
él (noun n.; °; dat. -um): storm
kennings
hildingr hárar þekju éla‘the warlord of the high thatch of snowstorms ’
= God
the high thatch of snowstorms → SKY/HEAVEN
the warlord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
notes
[5, 6, 7] hildingr hárar þekju éla ‘{the warlord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ]’: The ms. reading is ‘harar’, which could be normalised to harrar (nom. pl. of harri ‘lord’) or to harar (f. gen. sg. or f. nom./acc. pl. of the adj. hár ‘high’; r appears in mss as a grapheme for rr or for r, cf. Lindblad 1954, 73, 206-7). Here it is evidently the f. gen. sg. of hár ‘high’ and modifies the base-word (þekju ‘thatch, roof’) of the kenning for ‘heaven’ þekju éla ‘thatch of snow-storms’, which in turn is the determinant of a sannkenning for Christ: hárar hildingr ... éla þekiu ‘{(war)lord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ].
þekju ‘thatch’
(not checked:)
1. þekja (noun f.; °-u; -ur): [thatch]
kennings
hildingr hárar þekju éla‘the warlord of the high thatch of snowstorms ’
= God
the high thatch of snowstorms → SKY/HEAVEN
the warlord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
notes
[5, 6, 7] hildingr hárar þekju éla ‘{the warlord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ]’: The ms. reading is ‘harar’, which could be normalised to harrar (nom. pl. of harri ‘lord’) or to harar (f. gen. sg. or f. nom./acc. pl. of the adj. hár ‘high’; r appears in mss as a grapheme for rr or for r, cf. Lindblad 1954, 73, 206-7). Here it is evidently the f. gen. sg. of hár ‘high’ and modifies the base-word (þekju ‘thatch, roof’) of the kenning for ‘heaven’ þekju éla ‘thatch of snow-storms’, which in turn is the determinant of a sannkenning for Christ: hárar hildingr ... éla þekiu ‘{(war)lord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ].
þekju ‘thatch’
(not checked:)
1. þekja (noun f.; °-u; -ur): [thatch]
kennings
hildingr hárar þekju éla‘the warlord of the high thatch of snowstorms ’
= God
the high thatch of snowstorms → SKY/HEAVEN
the warlord of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
notes
[5, 6, 7] hildingr hárar þekju éla ‘{the warlord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ]’: The ms. reading is ‘harar’, which could be normalised to harrar (nom. pl. of harri ‘lord’) or to harar (f. gen. sg. or f. nom./acc. pl. of the adj. hár ‘high’; r appears in mss as a grapheme for rr or for r, cf. Lindblad 1954, 73, 206-7). Here it is evidently the f. gen. sg. of hár ‘high’ and modifies the base-word (þekju ‘thatch, roof’) of the kenning for ‘heaven’ þekju éla ‘thatch of snow-storms’, which in turn is the determinant of a sannkenning for Christ: hárar hildingr ... éla þekiu ‘{(war)lord {of the high thatch of snow-storms}} [SKY/HEAVEN > = Christ].
ǫll ‘all’
(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all
þjóð ‘people’
(not checked:)
þjóð (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): people
í ‘in’
(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into
stað ‘the position’
(not checked:)
1. staðr (noun m.; °-ar/-s; -ir): place
móður ‘of a mother’
(not checked:)
móðir (noun f.): mother
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Kœnn, lé*zt þú hag hreinnar |
Wise chieftain, you let the circumstances of the pure queen be attended to kindly thereafter, as long as the fir sapling of the fire of the sea [(lit. ‘sea’s fire-fir sapling’) GOLD > WOMAN = Mary] lived. She was in the position of a mother to you, as the warlord of the high thatch of snowstorms [SKY/HEAVEN > = God (= Christ)] wanted it arranged; all people praise you.
See Introduction.
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