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skaldic

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Kálf Kátr 40VII

Kirsten Wolf (ed.) 2007, ‘Kálfr Hallsson, Kátrínardrápa 40’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 956.

Kálfr HallssonKátrínardrápa
394041

Hvern ‘each’

(not checked:)
2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every

kennings

hvern lund hjörva
‘each tree of swords ’
   = MAN

each tree of swords → MAN
Close

hinn ‘the’

(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the

Close

hjörva ‘of swords’

(not checked:)
hjǫrr (noun m.): sword

kennings

hvern lund hjörva
‘each tree of swords ’
   = MAN

each tree of swords → MAN
Close

lund ‘tree’

(not checked:)
1. lundr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -i/-; -ar): grove, tree

kennings

hvern lund hjörva
‘each tree of swords ’
   = MAN

each tree of swords → MAN
Close

‘that’

(not checked:)
4. at (conj.): that

Close

missa ‘shall lose’

(not checked:)
2. missa (verb): lose, lack

Close

fjörvi ‘life’

(not checked:)
fjǫr (noun n.): life

Close

veðra ‘of the winds’

(not checked:)
2. veðr (noun n.; °-s; -): weather, wind, storm

[3] veðra: so 399a‑bˣ, veðrar 713, veðrar 920ˣ

kennings

vísi hválfs veðra,
‘the king of the vault of the winds ’
   = God

the vault of the winds → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Close

veðra ‘of the winds’

(not checked:)
2. veðr (noun n.; °-s; -): weather, wind, storm

[3] veðra: so 399a‑bˣ, veðrar 713, veðrar 920ˣ

kennings

vísi hválfs veðra,
‘the king of the vault of the winds ’
   = God

the vault of the winds → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Close

hválfs ‘of the vault’

(not checked:)
hvalf (noun n.): vault, coffin

kennings

vísi hválfs veðra,
‘the king of the vault of the winds ’
   = God

the vault of the winds → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Close

hválfs ‘of the vault’

(not checked:)
hvalf (noun n.): vault, coffin

kennings

vísi hválfs veðra,
‘the king of the vault of the winds ’
   = God

the vault of the winds → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Close

‘who’

(not checked:)
4. at (conj.): that

notes

[3] ‘who’: The use of as a rel. conj. was relatively common in C14th poetry; cf. NS §259.

Close

vísi ‘the king’

(not checked:)
2. vísir (noun m.): ruler

kennings

vísi hválfs veðra,
‘the king of the vault of the winds ’
   = God

the vault of the winds → SKY/HEAVEN
the king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God
Close

heiðrar ‘honours’

(not checked:)
heiðra (verb): honour

Close

vella ‘of gold’

(not checked:)
vell (noun n.): gold

kennings

njótr vella’.
‘user of gold’. ’
   = MAN

user of gold’. → MAN
Close

njótr ‘user’

(not checked:)
njótr (noun m.): user, enjoyer

kennings

njótr vella’.
‘user of gold’. ’
   = MAN

user of gold’. → MAN
Close

en ‘and’

(not checked:)
2. en (conj.): but, and

Close

hafnar ‘abandons’

(not checked:)
1. hafna (verb): abandon, reject

[4] hafnar: hafna all

Close

blótum ‘sacrifices’

(not checked:)
blót (noun n.; °-s; -): sacrifice

Close

Ýtar ‘The launchers’

(not checked:)
ýtir (noun m.): giver

kennings

Ýtar róms jötna
‘The launchers of the speech of giants ’
   = MEN

the speech of giants → GOLD
The launchers of the GOLD → MEN
Close

eingla ‘of angels’

(not checked:)
1. engill (noun m.; °engils; englar): angel

kennings

gæti eingla;
‘the guardian of angels; ’
   = God

the guardian of angels; → God
Close

gæti ‘the guardian’

(not checked:)
gætir (noun m.): guardian

kennings

gæti eingla;
‘the guardian of angels; ’
   = God

the guardian of angels; → God
Close

jötna ‘of giants’

(not checked:)
jǫtunn (noun m.; °jǫtuns, dat. jǫtni; jǫtnar): giant

kennings

Ýtar róms jötna
‘The launchers of the speech of giants ’
   = MEN

the speech of giants → GOLD
The launchers of the GOLD → MEN
Close

jötna ‘of giants’

(not checked:)
jǫtunn (noun m.; °jǫtuns, dat. jǫtni; jǫtnar): giant

kennings

Ýtar róms jötna
‘The launchers of the speech of giants ’
   = MEN

the speech of giants → GOLD
The launchers of the GOLD → MEN
Close

róms ‘of the speech’

(not checked:)
rómr (noun m.; °dat. -): voice, applause

kennings

Ýtar róms jötna
‘The launchers of the speech of giants ’
   = MEN

the speech of giants → GOLD
The launchers of the GOLD → MEN
Close

róms ‘of the speech’

(not checked:)
rómr (noun m.; °dat. -): voice, applause

kennings

Ýtar róms jötna
‘The launchers of the speech of giants ’
   = MEN

the speech of giants → GOLD
The launchers of the GOLD → MEN
Close

hafa ‘they had’

(not checked:)
hafa (verb): have

Close

hugað ‘decided’

(not checked:)
huga (verb): consider, mind, think

Close

‘to’

(not checked:)
5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)

Close

þjóna ‘serve’

(not checked:)
þjóna (verb): serve

Close

meiðar ‘the trees’

(not checked:)
meiðr (noun m.): beam, tree

[7] meiðar: meiðir all

kennings

meiðar elds Drafnar
‘the trees of the fire of Dröfn ’
   = MEN

the fire of Dröfn → GOLD
the trees of the GOLD → MEN

notes

[7-8] meiðar elds Drafnar ‘the trees of the fire of Dröfn <wave> [GOLD > MEN]’: It is just possible that meiðar should be understood as ‘maimers’, in which case this is a kenning for generous men.

Close

tóku ‘died’

(not checked:)
2. taka (verb): take

Close

dapran ‘sad’

(not checked:)
dapr (adj.): gloomy

Close

dauða ‘death’

(not checked:)
dauði (noun m.; °-a; -ar): death

Close

Drafnar ‘of Dröfn’

(not checked:)
Drǫfn (noun f.): wave, Drǫfn

kennings

meiðar elds Drafnar
‘the trees of the fire of Dröfn ’
   = MEN

the fire of Dröfn → GOLD
the trees of the GOLD → MEN

notes

[7-8] meiðar elds Drafnar ‘the trees of the fire of Dröfn <wave> [GOLD > MEN]’: It is just possible that meiðar should be understood as ‘maimers’, in which case this is a kenning for generous men.

Close

Drafnar ‘of Dröfn’

(not checked:)
Drǫfn (noun f.): wave, Drǫfn

kennings

meiðar elds Drafnar
‘the trees of the fire of Dröfn ’
   = MEN

the fire of Dröfn → GOLD
the trees of the GOLD → MEN

notes

[7-8] meiðar elds Drafnar ‘the trees of the fire of Dröfn <wave> [GOLD > MEN]’: It is just possible that meiðar should be understood as ‘maimers’, in which case this is a kenning for generous men.

Close

elds ‘of the fire’

(not checked:)
eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹‰(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire

kennings

meiðar elds Drafnar
‘the trees of the fire of Dröfn ’
   = MEN

the fire of Dröfn → GOLD
the trees of the GOLD → MEN

notes

[7-8] meiðar elds Drafnar ‘the trees of the fire of Dröfn <wave> [GOLD > MEN]’: It is just possible that meiðar should be understood as ‘maimers’, in which case this is a kenning for generous men.

Close

elds ‘of the fire’

(not checked:)
eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹‰(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire

kennings

meiðar elds Drafnar
‘the trees of the fire of Dröfn ’
   = MEN

the fire of Dröfn → GOLD
the trees of the GOLD → MEN

notes

[7-8] meiðar elds Drafnar ‘the trees of the fire of Dröfn <wave> [GOLD > MEN]’: It is just possible that meiðar should be understood as ‘maimers’, in which case this is a kenning for generous men.

Close

í ‘in’

(not checked:)
í (prep.): in, into

Close

Jésú ‘of Jesus’

(not checked:)
Jésús (noun m.): Jesus

Close

nafni ‘the name’

(not checked:)
nafn (noun n.; °-s; *-): name

Close

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