Kálf Kátr 4VII
Kirsten Wolf (ed.) 2007, ‘Kálfr Hallsson, Kátrínardrápa 4’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 934-5.
Kæna ‘skilful’
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2. kœnn (adj.; °superl. kǿnstr/kǿnastr): wise, skilful
kennings
kæna dóttur Kosti‘Kostus’s skilful daughter ’
= Catherine
Kostus’s skilful daughter → Catherine
setti ‘set’
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setja (verb): place, set, establish
Kosti ‘Kostus’s’
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Kostus (noun m.): Kostus
kennings
kæna dóttur Kosti‘Kostus’s skilful daughter ’
= Catherine
Kostus’s skilful daughter → Catherine
dóttur ‘daughter’
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dóttir (noun f.; °dóttur, dat. dóttur/dǿtr/dóttir, acc. dóttur/dóttir, nom. dóttir/dóttur; dǿtr, gen. dǿtra (cf. [$1592$])): daughter
kennings
kæna dóttur Kosti‘Kostus’s skilful daughter ’
= Catherine
Kostus’s skilful daughter → Catherine
kunni ‘could’
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kunna (verb): know, can, be able
hun ‘she’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
ung ‘at a young age’
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ungr (adj.): young
að ‘’
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
mæla ‘speak’
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1. mæla (verb): speak, say
tungur ‘languages’
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tunga (noun f.; °-u; -ur): tongue, language
allar ‘all’
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allr (adj.): all
til ‘to’
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til (prep.): to
náms ‘learning’
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nám (noun n.; °-s): learning < bóknám (noun n.): °learning to read and understand books, study of books, book-learning
báru ‘of the wave’
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1. bára (noun f.; °-u; -ur): wave
[3] báru: so 399a‑bˣ, 920ˣ, ‘brau’ 713
kennings
Baldur eims báru‘The Baldur of the fire of the wave ’
= MAN
the fire of the wave → GOLD
The Baldur of the GOLD → MAN
báru ‘of the wave’
(not checked:)
1. bára (noun f.; °-u; -ur): wave
[3] báru: so 399a‑bˣ, 920ˣ, ‘brau’ 713
kennings
Baldur eims báru‘The Baldur of the fire of the wave ’
= MAN
the fire of the wave → GOLD
The Baldur of the GOLD → MAN
Baldur ‘Baldur’
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Baldr (noun m.): [Baldr, Baldur]
kennings
Baldur eims báru‘The Baldur of the fire of the wave ’
= MAN
the fire of the wave → GOLD
The Baldur of the GOLD → MAN
eims ‘of the fire’
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eimr (noun m.): fire, smoke
kennings
Baldur eims báru‘The Baldur of the fire of the wave ’
= MAN
the fire of the wave → GOLD
The Baldur of the GOLD → MAN
eims ‘of the fire’
(not checked:)
eimr (noun m.): fire, smoke
kennings
Baldur eims báru‘The Baldur of the fire of the wave ’
= MAN
the fire of the wave → GOLD
The Baldur of the GOLD → MAN
er ‘were’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
geingu ‘current’
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2. ganga (verb; geng, gekk, gengu, genginn): walk, go
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
heimi ‘world’
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heimr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): home, abode; world
Ástar ‘The loving’
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ást (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): love < ástargjarn (adj.)
kennings
Ástargjörn ambátt drottins himna‘The loving handmaid of the Lord of the heavens ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the Lord of the heavens → God
The loving handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
gjörn ‘’
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gjarn (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): eager < ástargjarn (adj.)
kennings
Ástargjörn ambátt drottins himna‘The loving handmaid of the Lord of the heavens ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the Lord of the heavens → God
The loving handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
hefir ‘has’
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hafa (verb): have
allar ‘all’
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allr (adj.): all
listir ‘arts’
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list (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): skill, art, virtue
ambátt ‘handmaid’
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ambátt (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir/-ar (ambottor EiðKrA 391²²)): handmaid
kennings
Ástargjörn ambátt drottins himna‘The loving handmaid of the Lord of the heavens ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the Lord of the heavens → God
The loving handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
himna ‘of the heavens’
(not checked:)
himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky
kennings
Ástargjörn ambátt drottins himna‘The loving handmaid of the Lord of the heavens ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the Lord of the heavens → God
The loving handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
himna ‘of the heavens’
(not checked:)
himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky
kennings
Ástargjörn ambátt drottins himna‘The loving handmaid of the Lord of the heavens ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the Lord of the heavens → God
The loving handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
drottins ‘of the Lord’
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dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master
kennings
Ástargjörn ambátt drottins himna‘The loving handmaid of the Lord of the heavens ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the Lord of the heavens → God
The loving handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
drottins ‘of the Lord’
(not checked:)
dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master
kennings
Ástargjörn ambátt drottins himna‘The loving handmaid of the Lord of the heavens ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the Lord of the heavens → God
The loving handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
framdar ‘performed’
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fremja (verb): advance, perform
fegri ‘more beautiful’
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fagr (adj.; °fagran; compar. fegri, superl. fegrstr): fair, beautiful
var ‘was’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
sjá ‘that’
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1. sjá (pron.; °gen. þessa dat. þessum/þeima, acc. þenna; f. sjá/þessi; n. þetta, dat. þessu/þvísa; pl. þessir): this
kennings
sjá Þrúðr falda‘that Þrúðr of headdresses ’
= WOMAN
that Þrúðr of headdresses → WOMAN
en ‘than’
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4. en (conj.): than
flestar ‘most’
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fleiri (adj. comp.; °superl. flestr): more, most
meyjar ‘maidens’
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mær (noun f.; °meyjar, dat. meyju; meyjar): maiden
falda ‘of headdresses’
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faldr (noun m.; °; -ar): headdress
kennings
sjá Þrúðr falda‘that Þrúðr of headdresses ’
= WOMAN
that Þrúðr of headdresses → WOMAN
Þrúðr ‘Þrúðr’
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Þrúðr (noun f.): Þrúðr
kennings
sjá Þrúðr falda‘that Þrúðr of headdresses ’
= WOMAN
that Þrúðr of headdresses → WOMAN
og ‘and’
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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
hátta ‘mannered’
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1. háttr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. hætti; hættir, acc. háttu): behaviour, measure, verse-form
prúðust ‘best’
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prúðr (adj.; °superl. -astr): magnificent, proud
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
The Baldur <god> of the fire of the wave [GOLD > MAN] set Kostus’s skilful daughter [= Catherine] to book-learning; at a young age she could speak all the languages that were current in the world. The loving handmaid of the Lord of the heavens [= God > HOLY WOMAN] has performed all arts; that Þrúðr <goddess> of headdresses [WOMAN] was more beautiful than most maidens and the best mannered.
Cf. the prose legend (Unger 1877, I, 401; Wolf 2003, 124): Þessi mær svo sem hun var ættgo᷎fug, svo var hun ok agæt at speki sinni, numit hafdi hun allar þær iþrottir a bokum, er liberalis heita. Hun kunni margar tungur at skilia ok spakliga allar spurningar at leysa, þær er fyrir hana voro bornar ‘This maiden, to the extent that she was of noble birth, was equally noble in her wisdom, and had learnt all those arts from books, that are called the liberal arts. She could understand many languages and could wisely solve all questions that were brought before her’.
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