Halldórr ókristni, Eiríksflokkr 8

Kari Ellen Gade

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Hókr Eirfl 8^I

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2012, ‘Halldórr ókristni, Eiríksflokkr 8’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 484.

Halldórr ókristni Eiríksflokkr

7 8

hjal ‘’

(not checked:)
hjal (noun n.; °-s): [talk, chatter] < hjalfaldinn (adj./verb p.p.): chatter-clad(?)

Hjalm ‘the helmet’

(not checked:)
1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet < hjalmfaldinn (adj./verb p.p.): helmet-clad

[1] Hjalm‑: hjal‑ J1ˣ

[1] hilmi: hilmis 53, hilmir 325VIII 2 g, Bb, FskBˣ

hrings ‘of the sword’

(not checked:)
1. hringr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ar): ring; sword

kennings

miklu þingi hrings;
‘the mighty assembly of the sword; ’
= BATTLE
the mighty assembly of the sword; → BATTLE

notes

[2] hrings ‘of the sword’: On hringr as a sword-heiti, see Notes to Þhorn Harkv 1/1 and Þul Sverða 7/7^III.

á ‘’

(not checked:)
3. á (prep.): on, at

af ‘’

(not checked:)
af (prep.): from

at ‘to’

(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to

[2] at: af F, 61, 53, 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat, á FskBˣ

notes

[2] at ‘to’: The variant af ‘from’ (so F, 61, 53, 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat) must have been caused by the prose context, i.e. Eiríkr steering away from the battle on Ormr inn langi, rather than Óláfr arriving at Svǫlðr on that ship, or possibly by the fact that a reference to sailing into battle is unexpected at this point in the poem.

miklu ‘the mighty’

(not checked:)
mikill (adj.; °mikinn): great, large

kennings

miklu þingi hrings;
‘the mighty assembly of the sword; ’
= BATTLE
the mighty assembly of the sword; → BATTLE

þingi ‘assembly’

(not checked:)
þing (noun n.; °-s; -): meeting, assembly

kennings

miklu þingi hrings;
‘the mighty assembly of the sword; ’
= BATTLE
the mighty assembly of the sword; → BATTLE

skeið ‘’

(not checked:)
1. skeið (noun f.; °-ar; -r/-ar/-ir): ship

skeiðr ‘the ships’

(not checked:)
1. skeið (noun f.; °-ar; -r/-ar/-ir): ship

[3] skeiðr: skeið FskBˣ, FskAˣ

notes

[3] þjóðir glæstu þá skeiðr ‘troops then adorned the ships’: The sense is that the well-equipped warriors lent glory to Óláfr’s fleet. The Fsk variant, skeið (f. acc. sg.) ‘ship’, which is adopted in Skj B, Skald and ÍF 29, focuses the attention on Ormr inn langi and its crew, but it is the minority reading.

glæstu ‘adorned’

(not checked:)
glæsa (verb): adorn

[3] glæstu: om. Bb

notes

því ‘’

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því (adv.): therefore, because

þar ‘’

(not checked:)
þar (adv.): there

þá ‘then’

(not checked:)
2. þá (adv.): then

[3] þá: þar 54, 325VIII 2 g, því Bb

notes

þjóðir ‘troops’

(not checked:)
þjóð (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): people

notes

þingat ‘’

þengat ‘’

(not checked:)
þangat (adv.): there, thither

at ‘’

(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to

þang ‘’

(not checked:)
þang (noun n.; °-s): seaweed, kelp

þangat ‘there’

(not checked:)
þangat (adv.): there, thither

[4] þangat: þang at J1ˣ, J2ˣ, þingat FskBˣ, þengat FskAˣ

ormin ‘’

(not checked:)
ormr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): serpent

ormrin ‘’

orminn ‘’

(not checked:)
ormr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): serpent

Ormr ‘Ormr’

(not checked:)
ormr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): serpent

[4] Ormr inn: orminn J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VIII 2 g, Flat, FskAˣ, ‘ormrín’ Bb, ‘ormin’ FskBˣ

notes

[4] Ormr inn langi (‘the Long Serpent’): See Note to st. 3/4 above.

inn ‘inn’

(not checked:)
2. inn (art.): the

[4] Ormr inn: orminn J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 325VIII 2 g, Flat, FskAˣ, ‘ormrín’ Bb, ‘ormin’ FskBˣ

notes

[4] Ormr inn langi (‘the Long Serpent’): See Note to st. 3/4 above.

langa ‘’

(not checked:)
langr (adj.; °compar. lengri, superl. lengstr): long

langi ‘langi (‘the Long Serpent’)’

(not checked:)
langr (adj.; °compar. lengri, superl. lengstr): long

[4] langi: langa 325VIII 2 g, Bb, FskBˣ, FskAˣ

notes

[4] Ormr inn langi (‘the Long Serpent’): See Note to st. 3/4 above.

En ‘But’

(not checked:)
2. en (conj.): but, and

sneri ‘’

(not checked:)
snúa (verb): turn

suðr ‘’

(not checked:)
2. suðr (adv.): south, in the south

sunnr ‘south’

(not checked:)
sunnr (adv.): south

[5] sunnr: so 61, 53, 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, suðr Kˣ, F, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, sneri Flat

notes

[5] sunnr ‘south’: So 61, 53, 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb. The Hkr and Fsk mss have the variant suðr ‘south’, which has been adopted in ÍF 26. It is doubtful, however, whether the conj. en ‘but’ could have been stressed strongly enough to carry the internal rhyme in this line (en : ‑unn- rather than ‑unn- : ‑unn-).

at ‘at’

(not checked:)
3. at (prep.): at, to

gný ‘the din’

(not checked:)
gnýr (noun m.): din, tumult

kennings

gný Gunnar;
‘the din of Gunnr; ’
= BATTLE
the din of Gunnr; → BATTLE

gumnar ‘’

(not checked:)
gumi (noun m.; °-a; gumar/gumnar): man

Gunnar ‘of Gunnr’

(not checked:)
Gunnr (noun f.): Gunnr

[5] Gunnar: gumnar FskAˣ

kennings

gný Gunnar;
‘the din of Gunnr; ’
= BATTLE
the din of Gunnr; → BATTLE

glaðr ‘the cheerful’

(not checked:)
2. glaðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): cheerful, glad

tók ‘received’

(not checked:)
2. taka (verb): take

jarl ‘jarl’

(not checked:)
jarl (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): poet, earl

viðr ‘’

(not checked:)
2. við (prep.): with, against

við ‘’

(not checked:)
2. við (prep.): with, against

[6] við: viðr FskAˣ

Naðri ‘Naðr (‘Adder’)’

(not checked:)
naðr (noun m.): snake

notes

[6] Naðri ‘Naðr (“Adder”)’: Another play on synonyms for ormr ‘serpent’ (see Note to st. 3/8 Fáfnis).

áðr ‘earlier’

(not checked:)
áðr (adv.; °//): before

var ‘’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

varð ‘had’

(not checked:)
1. verða (verb): become, be

[7] varð: var Bb

eg ‘’

(not checked:)
ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me

egg ‘the blade’

(not checked:)
1. egg (noun f.; °-jar, dat. -ju/-): edge, blade

[7] egg: ‘eg’ J1ˣ

at ‘to’

(not checked:)
5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)

hrjóða ‘redden’

(not checked:)
1. hrjóða (verb): clear, destroy

ottꜹðr ‘’

ótrauðr ‘’

(not checked:)
ótrauðr (adj.): not reluctant

ætt ‘the high’

(not checked:)
1. ætt (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): family < ættgóðr (adj.): high-born

[8] ættgóðr: ‘ottꜹðr’ J1ˣ, ótrauðr J2ˣ, 61, 53, 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat

kennings

ættgóðr bróðir Hemings
‘the high-born brother of Hemingr ’
= Eiríkr
the high-born brother of Hemingr → Eiríkr

notes

[8] ættgóðr ‘high-born’: The variant ótrauðr ‘not reluctant’ (J2ˣ, 61, 53, 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat), which appears to have entered the ÓT redaction from a Hkr ms. of the Jöfraskinna (y) group, leaves the line with skothending (-auð- : -óð-) rather than aðalhending (-óð- : -óð-).

góðr ‘born’

(not checked:)
góðr (adj.): good < ættgóðr (adj.): high-born

[8] ættgóðr: ‘ottꜹðr’ J1ˣ, ótrauðr J2ˣ, 61, 53, 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat

kennings

ættgóðr bróðir Hemings
‘the high-born brother of Hemingr ’
= Eiríkr
the high-born brother of Hemingr → Eiríkr

notes

heímngs ‘’

Hemings ‘of Hemingr’

(not checked:)
Hemingr (noun m.): [Heming, Hemingr]

[8] Hemings: ‘heímngs’ Bb

kennings

ættgóðr bróðir Hemings
‘the high-born brother of Hemingr ’
= Eiríkr
the high-born brother of Hemingr → Eiríkr

notes

[8] Hemings ‘of Hemingr’: Hemingr Hákonarson was Eiríkr’s half-brother and very little is known about him (see ÍF 26, 248; ÍF 29, 138).

bróðir ‘brother’

(not checked:)
bróðir (noun m.; °bróður/brǿðr/bróðurs, dat. bróður/brǿðr/breðr, acc. bróður/brǿðr; brǿðr/bróðr/breðr (brǿðrirnir Jvs291 75¹⁴), gen. brǿ---): brother

kennings

ættgóðr bróðir Hemings
‘the high-born brother of Hemingr ’
= Eiríkr
the high-born brother of Hemingr → Eiríkr

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

verse
prose

After the battle of Svǫlðr, the victorious Eiríkr jarl takes possession of Ormr inn langi along with much booty. He commands the ship himself as he steers away from the battle (so Hkr and ÓT). Fsk relates that Eiríkr and his brother Sveinn go back to Norway, and Eiríkr takes possession of Ormr inn langi.

The stanza contrasts Óláfr arriving confidently in Ormr, and the exultant Eiríkr departing in command of it. More common in skaldic poetry is a stanza depicting two fleets approaching each other from different directions; see Note to Sigv Tryggfl 1/1-4. — In 54, 325VIII 2 g and Bb the stanza is attributed to Hallfreðr. — [1]: The line recalls Eskál Vell 33/1 hjalmfaldinn bauð hildi. — [5]: The line recalls Eskál Vell 33/3 hinns fór í gný Gunnar. — [6]: The line recalls Hfr ErfÓl 16/4 glaðr ok báða Naðra.

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Hókr Eirfl 8I

hjal ‘’

Hjalm ‘the helmet’

faldinn ‘clad’

bar ‘carried’

hilmir ‘’

hilmis ‘’

hilmi ‘ruler’

hrings ‘of the sword’

kennings

notes

á ‘’

af ‘’

at ‘to’

notes

miklu ‘the mighty’

kennings

þingi ‘assembly’

kennings

skeið ‘’

skeiðr ‘the ships’

notes

glæstu ‘adorned’

notes

því ‘’

þar ‘’

þá ‘then’

notes

þjóðir ‘troops’

notes

þingat ‘’

þengat ‘’

at ‘’

þang ‘’

þangat ‘there’

ormin ‘’

ormrin ‘’

orminn ‘’

Ormr ‘Ormr’

notes

inn ‘inn’

notes

langa ‘’

langi ‘langi (‘the Long Serpent’)’

notes

En ‘But’

sneri ‘’

suðr ‘’

sunnr ‘south’

notes

at ‘at’

gný ‘the din’

kennings

gumnar ‘’

Gunnar ‘of Gunnr’

kennings

glaðr ‘the cheerful’

tók ‘received’

jarl ‘jarl’

viðr ‘’

við ‘’

Naðri ‘Naðr (‘Adder’)’

notes

áðr ‘earlier’

var ‘’

varð ‘had’

eg ‘’

egg ‘the blade’

at ‘to’

hrjóða ‘redden’

ottꜹðr ‘’

ótrauðr ‘’

ætt ‘the high’

kennings

notes

góðr ‘born’

kennings

notes

heímngs ‘’

Hókr Eirfl 8^I