Kálf Kátr 32VII
Kirsten Wolf (ed.) 2007, ‘Kálfr Hallsson, Kátrínardrápa 32’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 951.
Kátrín ‘Catherine’
(not checked:)
Katrín (noun f.): [Catherine]
gjörðiz ‘became’
(not checked:)
1. gera (verb): do, make
hress ‘cheerful’
(not checked:)
hress (adj.; °superl. -astr): hearty
af ‘from’
(not checked:)
af (prep.): from
heitum ‘promises’
(not checked:)
heitr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): hot, ardent
hildings ‘prince’
(not checked:)
hildingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
er ‘who’
(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when
veitir ‘grants’
(not checked:)
2. veita (verb): grant, give
mildi ‘mercy’
(not checked:)
mildi (noun f.): generosity, mercy
bæði ‘both’
(not checked:)
báðir (pron.; °gen. beggja (báðra), nom./acc. n. bǽði): both
girntiz ‘desired’
(not checked:)
girna (verb): desire
[3] girntiz: ‘’ corrected from ‘giordizt’ in margin 713
bauga ‘of rings’
(not checked:)
baugr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): ring
kennings
tróða bauga‘the stick of rings ’
= WOMAN
the stick of rings → WOMAN
tróða ‘the stick’
(not checked:)
tróða (noun f.; °-u): stick
kennings
tróða bauga‘the stick of rings ’
= WOMAN
the stick of rings → WOMAN
beiska ‘dire’
(not checked:)
beiskr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): bitter
nauð ‘suffering’
(not checked:)
neyð (noun f.; °dat. -): need, distress
[4] nauð og: so 920ˣ, ‘[...]avd ok’ 713, (nauð og)(?) 399a‑bˣ
og ‘and’
(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also
[4] nauð og: so 920ˣ, ‘[...]avd ok’ 713, (nauð og)(?) 399a‑bˣ
sáran ‘painful’
(not checked:)
sárr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): sore, painful; wounded
dauða ‘death’
(not checked:)
dauði (noun m.; °-a; -ar): death
Siklingr ‘prince’
(not checked:)
siklingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
bauð ‘requested’
(not checked:)
bjóða (verb; °býðr; bauð, buðu; boðinn (buð- Thom¹ 5²n.)): offer, order, invite
til ‘before’
(not checked:)
til (prep.): to
sín ‘him’
(not checked:)
sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)
að ‘be’
(not checked:)
5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
leiða ‘brought’
(not checked:)
2. leiða (verb; -dd): lead; (-sk) grow tired
sæta ‘the sweet’
(not checked:)
2. sæta (verb): mean, signify
kennings
sæta ambátt gætis veraldar‘the sweet handmaid of the guardian of the world ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the guardian of the world → God
the sweet handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
ambátt ‘handmaid’
(not checked:)
ambátt (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -u/-; -ir/-ar (ambottor EiðKrA 391²²)): handmaid
kennings
sæta ambátt gætis veraldar‘the sweet handmaid of the guardian of the world ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the guardian of the world → God
the sweet handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
veraldar ‘of the world’
(not checked:)
verǫld (noun f.; °-aldar, dat. -/-u; -aldir): world, age
[6] veraldar: ‘v[...]’ 713, (himna)(?) 399a‑bˣ, ‘[...]’ 920ˣ
kennings
sæta ambátt gætis veraldar‘the sweet handmaid of the guardian of the world ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the guardian of the world → God
the sweet handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
notes
[6] veraldar (f. gen. sg.) ‘of the world’: Finnur Jónsson (Skj B), to whom the v was not visible, suggests veraldar; Kahle (1898, 107) suggests himna ‘of heaven’ (the reading of 399a-bˣ) or eingla ‘of the angels’; Sperber (1911, 81) himna, eingla, hlýrna ‘of heavenly bodies’, or sunnu ‘of the sun’; Kock (Skald) tungla ‘of heavenly bodies’.
veraldar ‘of the world’
(not checked:)
verǫld (noun f.; °-aldar, dat. -/-u; -aldir): world, age
[6] veraldar: ‘v[...]’ 713, (himna)(?) 399a‑bˣ, ‘[...]’ 920ˣ
kennings
sæta ambátt gætis veraldar‘the sweet handmaid of the guardian of the world ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the guardian of the world → God
the sweet handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
notes
[6] veraldar (f. gen. sg.) ‘of the world’: Finnur Jónsson (Skj B), to whom the v was not visible, suggests veraldar; Kahle (1898, 107) suggests himna ‘of heaven’ (the reading of 399a-bˣ) or eingla ‘of the angels’; Sperber (1911, 81) himna, eingla, hlýrna ‘of heavenly bodies’, or sunnu ‘of the sun’; Kock (Skald) tungla ‘of heavenly bodies’.
gætis ‘of the guardian’
(not checked:)
gætir (noun m.): guardian
kennings
sæta ambátt gætis veraldar‘the sweet handmaid of the guardian of the world ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the guardian of the world → God
the sweet handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
gætis ‘of the guardian’
(not checked:)
gætir (noun m.): guardian
kennings
sæta ambátt gætis veraldar‘the sweet handmaid of the guardian of the world ’
= HOLY WOMAN
the guardian of the world → God
the sweet handmaid of GOD → HOLY WOMAN
bjartur ‘bright’
(not checked:)
bjartr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): bright
skein ‘shone’
(not checked:)
skína (verb): shine
sem ‘as’
(not checked:)
sem (conj.): as, which
brynni ‘was burning’
(not checked:)
2. brenna (verb; °brennr/brenn; brann, brunnu; brunninn): (strong, intransitive)
af ‘if’
(not checked:)
af (prep.): from
kerti ‘candle’
(not checked:)
kerti (noun n.; °-s; -): candle
bauga ‘of rings’
(not checked:)
baugr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): ring
kennings
þellu bauga,‘of the young pine of rings ’
= WOMAN
the young pine of rings → WOMAN
þellu ‘of the young pine’
(not checked:)
þella (noun f.): fir, young pine
kennings
þellu bauga,‘of the young pine of rings ’
= WOMAN
the young pine of rings → WOMAN
geisli ‘ray’
(not checked:)
geisli (noun m.): beam of light
af ‘from’
(not checked:)
af (prep.): from
augum ‘eyes’
(not checked:)
auga (noun n.; °auga; augu/augun, gen. augna): eye
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Catherine became cheerful from the promises of the prince, who grants mercy; the stick of rings [WOMAN] desired both dire suffering and a painful death. The prince requested the sweet handmaid of the guardian of the world [= God > HOLY WOMAN] be brought before him; a bright ray shone from the eyes of the young pine of rings [WOMAN] as if a candle was burning.
Stanza/chapter/text segment
Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.
Information tab
- text: if the stanza has been published, the edited text of the stanza and translation are here; if it hasn't been published an old edition (usually Skj) is given for reference
- sources: a list of the manuscripts or inscriptions containing this stanza, with page and line references and links (eye button) to images where available, and transcription where available
- readings: a list of variant manuscript readings of words in the main text
- editions and texts: a list of editions of the stanza with links to the bibliography; and a list of prose works in which the stanza occurs, allowing you to navigate within the prose context
- notes and context: notes not linked to individual words are given here, along with the account of the prose context for the stanza, where relevant
Interactive tab
The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.
Full text tab
This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.
Chapter/text segment
This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.