Hfr Hákdr 3^III

Ok ‘And’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

geir ‘of spear’

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geirr (noun m.): spear < geirróta (noun f.): [spear-downpour]

[1] geirrotu: ‘geir ǫtv’ W, ‘gæira tó’ corrected from ‘gæiro tó’ in scribal hand A

kennings

notes

[1] gǫtvar geirrotu ‘garments of spear-downpour [BATTLE > MAIL-SHIRTS]’: The same kenning occurs in Egill Lv 17/5^V (Eg 24). The second element of the cpd could alternatively be Róta (or Rota), a valkyrie-name, so ‘spear-Róta’ (cf. geir-Skǫgul; LP: geir-Róta); ‘garments of Róta’ is then an armour-kenning. The valkyrie-name is only attested once outside kennings, in a context where Rota/Róta is portrayed acting together with the valkyrie Guðr/Gunnr, whose name means ‘battle’, in Gylf (SnE 2005, 30), while rota f. ‘rainshower’ is better attested, appearing e.g. in a list of missile-heiti in Skm’s prose (SnE 1998, I, 67). The common noun -rotu ‘of downpour’ is more in keeping with the extended ‘weather’ metaphor; most previous eds, however, print -Rótu. The length of the root vowel, [o] or [o:], cannot be determined, and both forms are possible metrically. 

geir ‘of spear’

(not checked:)
geirr (noun m.): spear < geirróta (noun f.): [spear-downpour]

[1] geirrotu: ‘geir ǫtv’ W, ‘gæira tó’ corrected from ‘gæiro tó’ in scribal hand A

kennings

notes

[1] gǫtvar geirrotu ‘garments of spear-downpour [BATTLE > MAIL-SHIRTS]’: The same kenning occurs in Egill Lv 17/5^V (Eg 24). The second element of the cpd could alternatively be Róta (or Rota), a valkyrie-name, so ‘spear-Róta’ (cf. geir-Skǫgul; LP: geir-Róta); ‘garments of Róta’ is then an armour-kenning. The valkyrie-name is only attested once outside kennings, in a context where Rota/Róta is portrayed acting together with the valkyrie Guðr/Gunnr, whose name means ‘battle’, in Gylf (SnE 2005, 30), while rota f. ‘rainshower’ is better attested, appearing e.g. in a list of missile-heiti in Skm’s prose (SnE 1998, I, 67). The common noun -rotu ‘of downpour’ is more in keeping with the extended ‘weather’ metaphor; most previous eds, however, print -Rótu. The length of the root vowel, [o] or [o:], cannot be determined, and both forms are possible metrically. 

rotu ‘downpour’

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rota (noun f.; °-u): rainstorm, roaring < geirróta (noun f.): [spear-downpour]

[1] geirrotu: ‘geir ǫtv’ W, ‘gæira tó’ corrected from ‘gæiro tó’ in scribal hand A

kennings

notes

[1] gǫtvar geirrotu ‘garments of spear-downpour [BATTLE > MAIL-SHIRTS]’: The same kenning occurs in Egill Lv 17/5^V (Eg 24). The second element of the cpd could alternatively be Róta (or Rota), a valkyrie-name, so ‘spear-Róta’ (cf. geir-Skǫgul; LP: geir-Róta); ‘garments of Róta’ is then an armour-kenning. The valkyrie-name is only attested once outside kennings, in a context where Rota/Róta is portrayed acting together with the valkyrie Guðr/Gunnr, whose name means ‘battle’, in Gylf (SnE 2005, 30), while rota f. ‘rainshower’ is better attested, appearing e.g. in a list of missile-heiti in Skm’s prose (SnE 1998, I, 67). The common noun -rotu ‘of downpour’ is more in keeping with the extended ‘weather’ metaphor; most previous eds, however, print -Rótu. The length of the root vowel, [o] or [o:], cannot be determined, and both forms are possible metrically. 

rotu ‘downpour’

(not checked:)
rota (noun f.; °-u): rainstorm, roaring < geirróta (noun f.): [spear-downpour]

[1] geirrotu: ‘geir ǫtv’ W, ‘gæira tó’ corrected from ‘gæiro tó’ in scribal hand A

kennings

notes

[1] gǫtvar geirrotu ‘garments of spear-downpour [BATTLE > MAIL-SHIRTS]’: The same kenning occurs in Egill Lv 17/5^V (Eg 24). The second element of the cpd could alternatively be Róta (or Rota), a valkyrie-name, so ‘spear-Róta’ (cf. geir-Skǫgul; LP: geir-Róta); ‘garments of Róta’ is then an armour-kenning. The valkyrie-name is only attested once outside kennings, in a context where Rota/Róta is portrayed acting together with the valkyrie Guðr/Gunnr, whose name means ‘battle’, in Gylf (SnE 2005, 30), while rota f. ‘rainshower’ is better attested, appearing e.g. in a list of missile-heiti in Skm’s prose (SnE 1998, I, 67). The common noun -rotu ‘of downpour’ is more in keeping with the extended ‘weather’ metaphor; most previous eds, however, print -Rótu. The length of the root vowel, [o] or [o:], cannot be determined, and both forms are possible metrically. 

gǫtvar ‘garments’

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gǫtvar (noun f.): [garments]

kennings

notes

[1] gǫtvar geirrotu ‘garments of spear-downpour [BATTLE > MAIL-SHIRTS]’: The same kenning occurs in Egill Lv 17/5^V (Eg 24). The second element of the cpd could alternatively be Róta (or Rota), a valkyrie-name, so ‘spear-Róta’ (cf. geir-Skǫgul; LP: geir-Róta); ‘garments of Róta’ is then an armour-kenning. The valkyrie-name is only attested once outside kennings, in a context where Rota/Róta is portrayed acting together with the valkyrie Guðr/Gunnr, whose name means ‘battle’, in Gylf (SnE 2005, 30), while rota f. ‘rainshower’ is better attested, appearing e.g. in a list of missile-heiti in Skm’s prose (SnE 1998, I, 67). The common noun -rotu ‘of downpour’ is more in keeping with the extended ‘weather’ metaphor; most previous eds, however, print -Rótu. The length of the root vowel, [o] or [o:], cannot be determined, and both forms are possible metrically. 

gagls ‘of the gosling ’

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gagl (noun n.): gosling

kennings

notes

[2, 3] gagls Hanga ‘of the gosling of Hangi <= Óðinn> [RAVEN]’: Alternatively, hangi m. ‘hanged man, corpse’, and so ‘gosling of the corpse [RAVEN]’. Meissner 121 favours the former interpretation, LP: hangi the latter.

gagls ‘of the gosling ’

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gagl (noun n.): gosling

kennings

notes

[2, 3] gagls Hanga ‘of the gosling of Hangi <= Óðinn> [RAVEN]’: Alternatively, hangi m. ‘hanged man, corpse’, and so ‘gosling of the corpse [RAVEN]’. Meissner 121 favours the former interpretation, LP: hangi the latter.

við ‘from’

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2. við (prep.): with, against

strengjar ‘of the bowstring’

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strengr (noun m.; °-jar; -ir): string, rope, bow-string

[2] strengjar: strengja W

kennings

hagli ‘the hailstone’

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hagl (noun n.; °-s; dat. *-um): hail

kennings

hungreyðǫndum ‘hunger-assuagers’

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hungreyðandi (noun m.): [hunger-assuagers]

kennings

Hanga ‘of Hangi’

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Hangi (noun m.; °-a): Hangi

kennings

notes

[2, 3] gagls Hanga ‘of the gosling of Hangi <= Óðinn> [RAVEN]’: Alternatively, hangi m. ‘hanged man, corpse’, and so ‘gosling of the corpse [RAVEN]’. Meissner 121 favours the former interpretation, LP: hangi the latter.

Hanga ‘of Hangi’

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Hangi (noun m.; °-a): Hangi

kennings

notes

[2, 3] gagls Hanga ‘of the gosling of Hangi <= Óðinn> [RAVEN]’: Alternatively, hangi m. ‘hanged man, corpse’, and so ‘gosling of the corpse [RAVEN]’. Meissner 121 favours the former interpretation, LP: hangi the latter.

hléðut ‘did not protect’

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hlýja (verb): protect

[4] hléðut: ‘hlóþvt’ R, ‘hlodut’ Tˣ, ‘hlǫðvt’ W, ‘hlæðvr’ A

notes

[4] hléðut ‘did not protect’: 3rd pers. pl. pret. indic. of the verb hlýja ‘protect’, plus the negative suffix -t. The mss disagree on the stem vowel, and Noreen (ANG §513.2) describes the form with [e:] as old and rare. Emendation to hléðut, adopted by most previous eds, is supported by A’s reading ‘hlæðvr’, and Eskál Vell 34/4^I has the same rhyming words, where R reads ‘hleþvt’.

járni ‘with iron’

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járn (noun n.; °-s; -): iron, weapon

séðar ‘seamed’

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séðr (adj./verb p.p.): [seamed, sewn]

[4] séðar: ‘sǫðar’ W