Hfr ErfÓl 27^I

Fúrr ‘’

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fúrr (noun m.): fire

Fyrr ‘sooner’

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fyrr (adv.): before, sooner

[1] Fyrr: ‘Fvrr’ Bb

notes

[1, 4] heimr ok himnar mun fyrr bresta í tvau ‘earth and heavens will sooner split in two’: Further examples of adynaton or impossibilia appear both in skaldic poetry (e.g. Eyv Hák 20, 21; ÞKolb Eirdr 8/7-8; KormǪ Lv 18^V, 33^V, 42^V (Korm 19, 52, 61);  Arn Þorfdr 24^II; SnSt Ht 102^III) and in eddic poetry (Vsp 57), as well as on the C11th memorial runestone at Skarpåker (SRdb Sö 154): Iarð skal rifna ok upphiminn ‘the earth and sky shall be riven’; see Heusler (1923, 181), Einar Ól. Sveinsson (1966-9, 43-51), Lönnroth (1981, 319-21), and Fidjestøl (1982, 190-3) for discussion. Arn Þorfdr 24^II is clearly influenced by Hallfreðr.

mun ‘will’

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munu (verb): will, must

notes

[1] mun ‘will’: As frequently, a sg. verb has a cpd subject (heimr ok himnar ‘earth and heavens’); cf., e.g., Þorm Lv 22/3, and see NS §70a. — [1, 4] heimr ok himnar mun fyrr bresta í tvau ‘earth and heavens will sooner split in two’: Further examples of adynaton or impossibilia appear both in skaldic poetry (e.g. Eyv Hák 20, 21; ÞKolb Eirdr 8/7-8; KormǪ Lv 18^V, 33^V, 42^V (Korm 19, 52, 61);  Arn Þorfdr 24^II; SnSt Ht 102^III) and in eddic poetry (Vsp 57), as well as on the C11th memorial runestone at Skarpåker (SRdb Sö 154): Iarð skal rifna ok upphiminn ‘the earth and sky shall be riven’; see Heusler (1923, 181), Einar Ól. Sveinsson (1966-9, 43-51), Lönnroth (1981, 319-21), and Fidjestøl (1982, 190-3) for discussion. Arn Þorfdr 24^II is clearly influenced by Hallfreðr.

mun ‘will’

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munu (verb): will, must

notes

[1] mun ‘will’: As frequently, a sg. verb has a cpd subject (heimr ok himnar ‘earth and heavens’); cf., e.g., Þorm Lv 22/3, and see NS §70a. — [1, 4] heimr ok himnar mun fyrr bresta í tvau ‘earth and heavens will sooner split in two’: Further examples of adynaton or impossibilia appear both in skaldic poetry (e.g. Eyv Hák 20, 21; ÞKolb Eirdr 8/7-8; KormǪ Lv 18^V, 33^V, 42^V (Korm 19, 52, 61);  Arn Þorfdr 24^II; SnSt Ht 102^III) and in eddic poetry (Vsp 57), as well as on the C11th memorial runestone at Skarpåker (SRdb Sö 154): Iarð skal rifna ok upphiminn ‘the earth and sky shall be riven’; see Heusler (1923, 181), Einar Ól. Sveinsson (1966-9, 43-51), Lönnroth (1981, 319-21), and Fidjestøl (1982, 190-3) for discussion. Arn Þorfdr 24^II is clearly influenced by Hallfreðr.

heimr ‘Earth’

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heimr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): home, abode; world

notes

[1, 4] heimr ok himnar mun fyrr bresta í tvau ‘earth and heavens will sooner split in two’: Further examples of adynaton or impossibilia appear both in skaldic poetry (e.g. Eyv Hák 20, 21; ÞKolb Eirdr 8/7-8; KormǪ Lv 18^V, 33^V, 42^V (Korm 19, 52, 61);  Arn Þorfdr 24^II; SnSt Ht 102^III) and in eddic poetry (Vsp 57), as well as on the C11th memorial runestone at Skarpåker (SRdb Sö 154): Iarð skal rifna ok upphiminn ‘the earth and sky shall be riven’; see Heusler (1923, 181), Einar Ól. Sveinsson (1966-9, 43-51), Lönnroth (1981, 319-21), and Fidjestøl (1982, 190-3) for discussion. Arn Þorfdr 24^II is clearly influenced by Hallfreðr.

ok ‘and’

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3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

notes

[1, 4] heimr ok himnar mun fyrr bresta í tvau ‘earth and heavens will sooner split in two’: Further examples of adynaton or impossibilia appear both in skaldic poetry (e.g. Eyv Hák 20, 21; ÞKolb Eirdr 8/7-8; KormǪ Lv 18^V, 33^V, 42^V (Korm 19, 52, 61);  Arn Þorfdr 24^II; SnSt Ht 102^III) and in eddic poetry (Vsp 57), as well as on the C11th memorial runestone at Skarpåker (SRdb Sö 154): Iarð skal rifna ok upphiminn ‘the earth and sky shall be riven’; see Heusler (1923, 181), Einar Ól. Sveinsson (1966-9, 43-51), Lönnroth (1981, 319-21), and Fidjestøl (1982, 190-3) for discussion. Arn Þorfdr 24^II is clearly influenced by Hallfreðr.

himnar ‘heavens’

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himinn (noun m.; °himins, dat. himni; himnar): heaven, sky

notes

[1, 4] heimr ok himnar mun fyrr bresta í tvau ‘earth and heavens will sooner split in two’: Further examples of adynaton or impossibilia appear both in skaldic poetry (e.g. Eyv Hák 20, 21; ÞKolb Eirdr 8/7-8; KormǪ Lv 18^V, 33^V, 42^V (Korm 19, 52, 61);  Arn Þorfdr 24^II; SnSt Ht 102^III) and in eddic poetry (Vsp 57), as well as on the C11th memorial runestone at Skarpåker (SRdb Sö 154): Iarð skal rifna ok upphiminn ‘the earth and sky shall be riven’; see Heusler (1923, 181), Einar Ól. Sveinsson (1966-9, 43-51), Lönnroth (1981, 319-21), and Fidjestøl (1982, 190-3) for discussion. Arn Þorfdr 24^II is clearly influenced by Hallfreðr.

hug ‘to glad’

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hugr (noun m.): mind, thought, courage < hugreifr (adj.): glad-hearted

notes

[2] hugreifum Ôleifi ‘to glad-hearted Óláfr’: Cf. st. 11/4 folkreifum Ôleifi ‘than fight-joyful Óláfr’ and herreifum Ôleifi ‘to army-glad Óláfr’ in ÚlfrU Húsdr 1/2^III (here Óláfr pái, Húsdrápa’s dedicatee).

reifum ‘hearted’

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2. reifr (adj.): happy < hugreifr (adj.): glad-hearted

notes

[2] hugreifum Ôleifi ‘to glad-hearted Óláfr’: Cf. st. 11/4 folkreifum Ôleifi ‘than fight-joyful Óláfr’ and herreifum Ôleifi ‘to army-glad Óláfr’ in ÚlfrU Húsdr 1/2^III (here Óláfr pái, Húsdrápa’s dedicatee).

Ôleifi ‘Óláfr’

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Óláfr (noun m.): Óláfr

notes

[2] hugreifum Ôleifi ‘to glad-hearted Óláfr’: Cf. st. 11/4 folkreifum Ôleifi ‘than fight-joyful Óláfr’ and herreifum Ôleifi ‘to army-glad Óláfr’ in ÚlfrU Húsdr 1/2^III (here Óláfr pái, Húsdrápa’s dedicatee).

hans ‘’

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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...

hann ‘he’

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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...

[3] hann: hans 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb

notes

[3-4] hann vas mest gótt mennskra manna ‘he was the greatest good among human beings’: Jón Helgason (1975, 405) observes that this construction, with a predicate describing a human subject yet in the n. case (gótt ‘good’), lacks parallels in the skaldic corpus. Emendation to góðr (m. nom. sg.) is metrically possible but no ms. spelling hints at that reading. Jón suggests instead emending hann to a finite verb governing the dat. (e.g. lét ‘allowed’ or veitt ‘granted’), then construing ll. 2-4 as a unit: mest gótt mennskra manna vas hugreifum leifi veitt ‘the greatest good among human beings was granted [by God] to glad-hearted Óláfr’, possibly referring to martyrdom. However, the use of n. gótt to refer to a human finds some support in SnSt Ht 83/8^III slíkt má skǫrung kalla ‘such [a one] must be called an outstanding person’, where slíkt refers to Skúli jarl.

vas ‘was’

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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

notes

[3-4] hann vas mest gótt mennskra manna ‘he was the greatest good among human beings’: Jón Helgason (1975, 405) observes that this construction, with a predicate describing a human subject yet in the n. case (gótt ‘good’), lacks parallels in the skaldic corpus. Emendation to góðr (m. nom. sg.) is metrically possible but no ms. spelling hints at that reading. Jón suggests instead emending hann to a finite verb governing the dat. (e.g. lét ‘allowed’ or veitt ‘granted’), then construing ll. 2-4 as a unit: mest gótt mennskra manna vas hugreifum leifi veitt ‘the greatest good among human beings was granted [by God] to glad-hearted Óláfr’, possibly referring to martyrdom. However, the use of n. gótt to refer to a human finds some support in SnSt Ht 83/8^III slíkt má skǫrung kalla ‘such [a one] must be called an outstanding person’, where slíkt refers to Skúli jarl.

mennskra ‘among human’

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mennskr (adj.): [among human]

notes

[3-4] hann vas mest gótt mennskra manna ‘he was the greatest good among human beings’: Jón Helgason (1975, 405) observes that this construction, with a predicate describing a human subject yet in the n. case (gótt ‘good’), lacks parallels in the skaldic corpus. Emendation to góðr (m. nom. sg.) is metrically possible but no ms. spelling hints at that reading. Jón suggests instead emending hann to a finite verb governing the dat. (e.g. lét ‘allowed’ or veitt ‘granted’), then construing ll. 2-4 as a unit: mest gótt mennskra manna vas hugreifum leifi veitt ‘the greatest good among human beings was granted [by God] to glad-hearted Óláfr’, possibly referring to martyrdom. However, the use of n. gótt to refer to a human finds some support in SnSt Ht 83/8^III slíkt má skǫrung kalla ‘such [a one] must be called an outstanding person’, where slíkt refers to Skúli jarl.

manna ‘beings’

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maðr (noun m.): man, person

notes

[3-4] hann vas mest gótt mennskra manna ‘he was the greatest good among human beings’: Jón Helgason (1975, 405) observes that this construction, with a predicate describing a human subject yet in the n. case (gótt ‘good’), lacks parallels in the skaldic corpus. Emendation to góðr (m. nom. sg.) is metrically possible but no ms. spelling hints at that reading. Jón suggests instead emending hann to a finite verb governing the dat. (e.g. lét ‘allowed’ or veitt ‘granted’), then construing ll. 2-4 as a unit: mest gótt mennskra manna vas hugreifum leifi veitt ‘the greatest good among human beings was granted [by God] to glad-hearted Óláfr’, possibly referring to martyrdom. However, the use of n. gótt to refer to a human finds some support in SnSt Ht 83/8^III slíkt má skǫrung kalla ‘such [a one] must be called an outstanding person’, where slíkt refers to Skúli jarl.

mestr ‘’

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meiri (adj. comp.; °meiran; superl. mestr): more, most

mest ‘the greatest’

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meiri (adj. comp.; °meiran; superl. mestr): more, most

[4] mest gótt: mestr fljótt Flat

notes

[3-4] hann vas mest gótt mennskra manna ‘he was the greatest good among human beings’: Jón Helgason (1975, 405) observes that this construction, with a predicate describing a human subject yet in the n. case (gótt ‘good’), lacks parallels in the skaldic corpus. Emendation to góðr (m. nom. sg.) is metrically possible but no ms. spelling hints at that reading. Jón suggests instead emending hann to a finite verb governing the dat. (e.g. lét ‘allowed’ or veitt ‘granted’), then construing ll. 2-4 as a unit: mest gótt mennskra manna vas hugreifum leifi veitt ‘the greatest good among human beings was granted [by God] to glad-hearted Óláfr’, possibly referring to martyrdom. However, the use of n. gótt to refer to a human finds some support in SnSt Ht 83/8^III slíkt má skǫrung kalla ‘such [a one] must be called an outstanding person’, where slíkt refers to Skúli jarl.

fljótt ‘’

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2. fljótr (adj.): quick

gótt ‘good’

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góðr (adj.): good

[4] mest gótt: mestr fljótt Flat

notes

[3-4] hann vas mest gótt mennskra manna ‘he was the greatest good among human beings’: Jón Helgason (1975, 405) observes that this construction, with a predicate describing a human subject yet in the n. case (gótt ‘good’), lacks parallels in the skaldic corpus. Emendation to góðr (m. nom. sg.) is metrically possible but no ms. spelling hints at that reading. Jón suggests instead emending hann to a finite verb governing the dat. (e.g. lét ‘allowed’ or veitt ‘granted’), then construing ll. 2-4 as a unit: mest gótt mennskra manna vas hugreifum leifi veitt ‘the greatest good among human beings was granted [by God] to glad-hearted Óláfr’, possibly referring to martyrdom. However, the use of n. gótt to refer to a human finds some support in SnSt Ht 83/8^III slíkt má skǫrung kalla ‘such [a one] must be called an outstanding person’, where slíkt refers to Skúli jarl.

í ‘in’

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í (prep.): in, into

notes

[1, 4] heimr ok himnar mun fyrr bresta í tvau ‘earth and heavens will sooner split in two’: Further examples of adynaton or impossibilia appear both in skaldic poetry (e.g. Eyv Hák 20, 21; ÞKolb Eirdr 8/7-8; KormǪ Lv 18^V, 33^V, 42^V (Korm 19, 52, 61);  Arn Þorfdr 24^II; SnSt Ht 102^III) and in eddic poetry (Vsp 57), as well as on the C11th memorial runestone at Skarpåker (SRdb Sö 154): Iarð skal rifna ok upphiminn ‘the earth and sky shall be riven’; see Heusler (1923, 181), Einar Ól. Sveinsson (1966-9, 43-51), Lönnroth (1981, 319-21), and Fidjestøl (1982, 190-3) for discussion. Arn Þorfdr 24^II is clearly influenced by Hallfreðr.

tvo ‘’

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tveir (num. cardinal): two

tvau ‘two’

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tveir (num. cardinal): two

[4] tvau: ‘tuo’ Flat

notes

[1, 4] heimr ok himnar mun fyrr bresta í tvau ‘earth and heavens will sooner split in two’: Further examples of adynaton or impossibilia appear both in skaldic poetry (e.g. Eyv Hák 20, 21; ÞKolb Eirdr 8/7-8; KormǪ Lv 18^V, 33^V, 42^V (Korm 19, 52, 61);  Arn Þorfdr 24^II; SnSt Ht 102^III) and in eddic poetry (Vsp 57), as well as on the C11th memorial runestone at Skarpåker (SRdb Sö 154): Iarð skal rifna ok upphiminn ‘the earth and sky shall be riven’; see Heusler (1923, 181), Einar Ól. Sveinsson (1966-9, 43-51), Lönnroth (1981, 319-21), and Fidjestøl (1982, 190-3) for discussion. Arn Þorfdr 24^II is clearly influenced by Hallfreðr.

bresta ‘split’

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1. bresta (verb; °brestr; brast, brustu; brostinn): burst, split

notes

[1, 4] heimr ok himnar mun fyrr bresta í tvau ‘earth and heavens will sooner split in two’: Further examples of adynaton or impossibilia appear both in skaldic poetry (e.g. Eyv Hák 20, 21; ÞKolb Eirdr 8/7-8; KormǪ Lv 18^V, 33^V, 42^V (Korm 19, 52, 61);  Arn Þorfdr 24^II; SnSt Ht 102^III) and in eddic poetry (Vsp 57), as well as on the C11th memorial runestone at Skarpåker (SRdb Sö 154): Iarð skal rifna ok upphiminn ‘the earth and sky shall be riven’; see Heusler (1923, 181), Einar Ól. Sveinsson (1966-9, 43-51), Lönnroth (1981, 319-21), and Fidjestøl (1982, 190-3) for discussion. Arn Þorfdr 24^II is clearly influenced by Hallfreðr.

at ‘’

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4. at (conj.): that

áðr ‘before’

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áðr (adv.; °//): before

[5] áðr: at 325VIII 2 g, Bb

an ‘a’

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2. an (conj.): than

glíkr ‘equal’

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glíkr (adj.; °-jan/-an; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): like, alike

á ‘’

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3. á (prep.): on, at

at ‘in’

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3. at (prep.): at, to

[5] at góðu: á góða 53

góða ‘’

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góðr (adj.): good

góðu ‘goodness’

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góðr (adj.): good

[5] at góðu: á góða 53

gœðingr ‘chieftain’

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gœðingr (noun m.): chieftain

notes

[6]: The same line occurs (as a variant reading) as Arn Þorfdr 24/8^II.

muni ‘might’

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munu (verb): will, must

notes

[6]: The same line occurs (as a variant reading) as Arn Þorfdr 24/8^II.

fœðask ‘be born’

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2. fœða (verb): to feed, give food to, bring up, bear, give birth to

notes

[6]: The same line occurs (as a variant reading) as Arn Þorfdr 24/8^II.

kíęnst ‘’

kœnn ‘’

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2. kœnn (adj.; °superl. kǿnstr/kǿnastr): wise, skilful

kœns ‘of the wise’

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2. kœnn (adj.; °superl. kǿnstr/kǿnastr): wise, skilful

[7] kœns: ‘kíęnst’ 53, kœnn Flat

hafi ‘may’

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hafa (verb): have

Kristr ‘Christ’

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Kristr (noun m.; °-s/-, dat. -i; -ar): Christ

inn ‘the’

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2. inn (art.): the

hreini ‘pure’

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2. hreinn (adj.; °compar. hreinari/hreinni, superl. hreinastr/hreinstr): pure

konungs ‘king’

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konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king

ǫnd ‘the soul’

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2. ǫnd (noun f.; °andar, dat. ǫnd/ǫndu; andir): soul, breath

ofar ‘high above’

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ofar (adv.): [high above]

lǫndum ‘the lands’

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land (noun n.; °-s; *-): land