Kate Heslop (ed.) 2012, ‘Hallfreðr vandræðaskáld Óttarsson, Erfidrápa Óláfs Tryggvasonar 18’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 425.
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1. vita (verb): know
[1] Veitkat (‘Veit ec eighi’): ‘Væitat ec’ 310, ‘Vættkaþa ek’ 54, 325VIII 2 g, ‘Vattkada ek’ Bb
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2. inn (art.): the
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4. at (conj.): that
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þó (adv.): though
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hvar (adv.): where
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áðr (adv.; °//): before
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
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hvé (adv.): how
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
[1] hvárt: so 310, F, J2ˣ, 61, 53, hvar FskAˣ, hvé Holm18, Flat, þó at 4‑7, áðr Kˣ, hvert J1ˣ, Flat
[1] hvárt ‘whether’: The extreme variation in the mss perhaps reflects the unexpectedness of the statement in the first helmingr, but only hvárt completes the syntax. It also has the strongest ms. support.
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hreytir (noun m.): flinger
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hættr (adj.; °compar. -ari/-ri, superl. -astr): dangerous
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Heiti (noun m.): Heiti
[1] Heita: so Holm18, 4‑7, Kˣ, F, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 61, 53, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat, ‘hætta’ FskAˣ, ‘hreyti’ 310, ‘hetta’ 54
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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Heiti (noun m.): Heiti
[1] Heita: so Holm18, 4‑7, Kˣ, F, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 61, 53, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat, ‘hætta’ FskAˣ, ‘hreyti’ 310, ‘hetta’ 54
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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Heiti (noun m.): Heiti
[1] Heita: so Holm18, 4‑7, Kˣ, F, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 61, 53, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat, ‘hætta’ FskAˣ, ‘hreyti’ 310, ‘hetta’ 54
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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Heiti (noun m.): Heiti
[1] Heita: so Holm18, 4‑7, Kˣ, F, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 61, 53, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat, ‘hætta’ FskAˣ, ‘hreyti’ 310, ‘hetta’ 54
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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Heiti (noun m.): Heiti
[1] Heita: so Holm18, 4‑7, Kˣ, F, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 61, 53, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat, ‘hætta’ FskAˣ, ‘hreyti’ 310, ‘hetta’ 54
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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Heiti (noun m.): Heiti
[1] Heita: so Holm18, 4‑7, Kˣ, F, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 61, 53, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat, ‘hætta’ FskAˣ, ‘hreyti’ 310, ‘hetta’ 54
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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Heiti (noun m.): Heiti
[1] Heita: so Holm18, 4‑7, Kˣ, F, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 61, 53, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat, ‘hætta’ FskAˣ, ‘hreyti’ 310, ‘hetta’ 54
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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Heiti (noun m.): Heiti
[1] Heita: so Holm18, 4‑7, Kˣ, F, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 61, 53, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat, ‘hætta’ FskAˣ, ‘hreyti’ 310, ‘hetta’ 54
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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Heiti (noun m.): Heiti
[1] Heita: so Holm18, 4‑7, Kˣ, F, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 61, 53, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat, ‘hætta’ FskAˣ, ‘hreyti’ 310, ‘hetta’ 54
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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Heiti (noun m.): Heiti
[1] Heita: so Holm18, 4‑7, Kˣ, F, J1ˣ, J2ˣ, 61, 53, 325VIII 2 g, Bb, Flat, ‘hætta’ FskAˣ, ‘hreyti’ 310, ‘hetta’ 54
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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1. hungr (noun m.; °hungrs/-s, dat. hungri, acc. hungr/hung): hunger < hungrdeyfir (noun m.): [hunger-soother]
[1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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deyfir (noun m.): [appeaser] < hungrdeyfir (noun m.): [hunger-soother]
[1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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skulu (verb): shall, should, must
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leyfa (verb): permit; praise
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dynr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ir): din < dynsæðingr (noun m.)
[1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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dynr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ir): din < dynsæðingr (noun m.)
[1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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dynr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ir): din < dynsæðingr (noun m.)
[1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes.
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sæðingr (noun m.): [seagull, gulls] < dynsæðingr (noun m.)
[1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [3] -sæðinga ‘of the gulls’: Sæðingr m. is the Common Gull (Larus canus; so Fritzner).
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sæðingr (noun m.): [seagull, gulls] < dynsæðingr (noun m.)
[1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [3] -sæðinga ‘of the gulls’: Sæðingr m. is the Common Gull (Larus canus; so Fritzner).
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sæðingr (noun m.): [seagull, gulls] < dynsæðingr (noun m.)
[1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [3] -sæðinga ‘of the gulls’: Sæðingr m. is the Common Gull (Larus canus; so Fritzner).
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sæðingr (noun m.): [seagull, gulls] < dynsæðingr (noun m.)
[1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [3] -sæðinga ‘of the gulls’: Sæðingr m. is the Common Gull (Larus canus; so Fritzner).
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dauði (noun m.; °-a; -ar): death
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
1. dýr (noun n.; °-s (spec.: dyʀiɴs KonrA 66⁴, etc., cf. Seip 1955 188-189); -): animal < dýrblik (noun n.)
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
-ligr (adj.): -ly < dýrligr (adj.): glorious, precious
(not checked:)
1. lík (noun n.; °-s; -): body, shape < 1. dýrðlík (noun n.): ?glory-body
(not checked:)
blik (noun n.): gleam < dýrblik (noun n.)blik (noun n.): gleam < dagblik (noun n.): day-gleam
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
blik (noun n.): gleam < dýrblik (noun n.)blik (noun n.): gleam < dagblik (noun n.): day-gleam
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
blik (noun n.): gleam < dýrblik (noun n.)blik (noun n.): gleam < dagblik (noun n.): day-gleam
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
blik (noun n.): gleam < dýrblik (noun n.)blik (noun n.): gleam < dagblik (noun n.): day-gleam
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
blik (noun n.): gleam < dýrblik (noun n.)blik (noun n.): gleam < dagblik (noun n.): day-gleam
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
blik (noun n.): gleam < dýrblik (noun n.)blik (noun n.): gleam < dagblik (noun n.): day-gleam
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
blik (noun n.): gleam < dýrblik (noun n.)blik (noun n.): gleam < dagblik (noun n.): day-gleam
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
blik (noun n.): gleam < dýrblik (noun n.)blik (noun n.): gleam < dagblik (noun n.): day-gleam
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
blik (noun n.): gleam < dýrblik (noun n.)blik (noun n.): gleam < dagblik (noun n.): day-gleam
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
(not checked:)
blik (noun n.): gleam < dýrblik (noun n.)blik (noun n.): gleam < dagblik (noun n.): day-gleam
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
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blik (noun n.): gleam < dýrblik (noun n.)blik (noun n.): gleam < dagblik (noun n.): day-gleam
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
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blik (noun n.): gleam < dýrblik (noun n.)blik (noun n.): gleam < dagblik (noun n.): day-gleam
[4] dýrbliks: dagbliks 22ˣmarg, F, dýrðlíks 61, 53, dýrligs 54, 325VIII 2 g, Bb
[1, 4] Heita dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD]’: Alternatives (excluding FskAˣ’s ‘hætta’, which makes no sense in context) are the following. (a) Hreyti, dat. of hreytir ‘strewer’, could possibly form a man-kenning (hreyti dýrbliks ‘strewer of the precious gleam [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN]’), but the determinant, bliks, is only a half-kenning, and the other elements are left hanging. (b) Sveinbjörn Egilsson (SHI 3) and Kock (NN §1085) suggest dýr- is the intensifying adj. ‘precious, splendid’, so ‘the splendid gleam of Heiti [SWORD/SHIELD]’, but this kenning lacks parallels. — [1, 2, 3, 4] Heita dýrbliks dynsæðinga hungrdeyfi ‘the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR]’: This splendid, complex rekit ‘extended’ kenning is all the more striking in contrast to the formal simplicity of much of ErfÓl. Although it is structurally complex, its components are clearly linked by alliteration, enjambment and vertical placement (see Gade 1995a, 202-8, 216-17) and it conforms to well-established patterns. For comment on the constituent parts and variant readings, see following Notes. — [4] dýrbliks ‘of the gleam of the beast (lit. ‘of the beast-gleam’)’: The variants dýrðlíks/dýrligs ‘of the glorious’ attempt to simplify the main kenning by substituting an adj. for one of its elements. While both are syntactically possible, they are clearly secondary; dýrligs is also unmetrical. F’s dagbliks ‘of the day-gleam’ is difficult to make sense of.
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eða (conj.): or
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þó (adv.): though
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kvikr (adj.; °-van/-an): alive
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allr (adj.): all
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sannliga (adv.): truly
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segja (verb): say, tell
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sárr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): sore, painful; wounded
[6] sárr: so all others, sárt FskAˣ
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munu (verb): will, must
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1. gramr (noun m.): ruler
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3. at (prep.): at, to
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hvárr (pron.): who, which, what, whether
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hættr (adj.; °compar. -ari/-ri, superl. -astr): dangerous
[7] hætts at frétta til hans ‘it is risky to enquire about him’: A contrasting sentiment is expressed in st. 15/1. Skj B takes hætt as the p. p. of hætta ‘to cease’, rather than n. nom. sg. of hættr ‘risky, dangerous’ as in NN §1957 and the Text above, and construes the clause as meaning ‘[people] have ceased to hear anything of him’. This is a possible alternative but it has not found support (see ÍF 29; ÍF 26; Hkr 1991).
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til (prep.): to
[7] hætts at frétta til hans ‘it is risky to enquire about him’: A contrasting sentiment is expressed in st. 15/1. Skj B takes hætt as the p. p. of hætta ‘to cease’, rather than n. nom. sg. of hættr ‘risky, dangerous’ as in NN §1957 and the Text above, and construes the clause as meaning ‘[people] have ceased to hear anything of him’. This is a possible alternative but it has not found support (see ÍF 29; ÍF 26; Hkr 1991).
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
[7] hætts at frétta til hans ‘it is risky to enquire about him’: A contrasting sentiment is expressed in st. 15/1. Skj B takes hætt as the p. p. of hætta ‘to cease’, rather than n. nom. sg. of hættr ‘risky, dangerous’ as in NN §1957 and the Text above, and construes the clause as meaning ‘[people] have ceased to hear anything of him’. This is a possible alternative but it has not found support (see ÍF 29; ÍF 26; Hkr 1991).
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5. at (nota): to (with infinitive)
[7] hætts at frétta til hans ‘it is risky to enquire about him’: A contrasting sentiment is expressed in st. 15/1. Skj B takes hætt as the p. p. of hætta ‘to cease’, rather than n. nom. sg. of hættr ‘risky, dangerous’ as in NN §1957 and the Text above, and construes the clause as meaning ‘[people] have ceased to hear anything of him’. This is a possible alternative but it has not found support (see ÍF 29; ÍF 26; Hkr 1991).
[7] hætts at frétta til hans ‘it is risky to enquire about him’: A contrasting sentiment is expressed in st. 15/1. Skj B takes hætt as the p. p. of hætta ‘to cease’, rather than n. nom. sg. of hættr ‘risky, dangerous’ as in NN §1957 and the Text above, and construes the clause as meaning ‘[people] have ceased to hear anything of him’. This is a possible alternative but it has not found support (see ÍF 29; ÍF 26; Hkr 1991).
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hvárt (adv.): whether
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hvárr (pron.): who, which, what, whether < hvárrtveggi (pron.): both
[8] hvárr‑: hvart J1ˣ
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tveir (num. cardinal): two < hvárrtveggi (pron.): both
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
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seggr (noun m.; °; -ir): man
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
Veitkat hitt, hvárt Heita |
I do not know whether I am to praise the hunger-soother of the gulls of the din of the gleam of the beast of Heiti <sea-king> [(lit. ‘hunger-soother of the din-gulls of the beast-gleam of Heiti’) SHIP > SHIELD > BATTLE > RAVENS/EAGLES > WARRIOR] dead or, after all, alive, since men tell me both as the truth; the lord must be wounded either way; it is risky to enquire about him.
Óláfr is defeated, but accounts of the battle’s last moments are contradictory: some people celebrate his underwater escape to the ship of his allies, the Wends, while some mourn his death.
On the configuration of helmingar in ms. 4-7, see Note to st. 19 [All]. — [5]: The line lacks internal rhyme, and Kock (NN §1959; Skald) tentatively proposed that senna ‘allege’ might have been replaced by segja ‘say’, the reading of all mss, very early in the transmission.
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