HSt Rst 7I
Rolf Stavnem (ed.) 2012, ‘Hallar-Steinn, Rekstefja 7’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 904.
Frón ‘of the land’
(not checked:)
2. frón (noun n.): earth, land < frónband (noun n.)
kennings
skjaldbúnum fœriǫndrum frónb*ands‘the shield-adorned travelling skis of the land-bond ’
= SHIPS
the land-bond → SEA
the shield-adorned travelling skis of the SEA → SHIPS
notes
[1] frónb*ands ‘of the land-bond [SEA]’: Ms. -brand- ‘fire, sword’ does not make sense, while emendation to -band- ‘bond’ produces a well-attested type of sea-kenning. The final letter is unclear, and eds disagree whether it is <z>, i.e. gen. sg. -s (so Skj A) or <r>, hence nom. sg. (so Konráð Gíslason 1895-7).
Frón ‘of the land’
(not checked:)
2. frón (noun n.): earth, land < frónband (noun n.)
kennings
skjaldbúnum fœriǫndrum frónb*ands‘the shield-adorned travelling skis of the land-bond ’
= SHIPS
the land-bond → SEA
the shield-adorned travelling skis of the SEA → SHIPS
notes
[1] frónb*ands ‘of the land-bond [SEA]’: Ms. -brand- ‘fire, sword’ does not make sense, while emendation to -band- ‘bond’ produces a well-attested type of sea-kenning. The final letter is unclear, and eds disagree whether it is <z>, i.e. gen. sg. -s (so Skj A) or <r>, hence nom. sg. (so Konráð Gíslason 1895-7).
b*ands ‘bond’
(not checked:)
band (noun n.; °-s; *-): band, bond < frónband (noun n.)
[1] ‑b*ands: ‑brands or ‑brandr Bb
kennings
skjaldbúnum fœriǫndrum frónb*ands‘the shield-adorned travelling skis of the land-bond ’
= SHIPS
the land-bond → SEA
the shield-adorned travelling skis of the SEA → SHIPS
notes
[1] frónb*ands ‘of the land-bond [SEA]’: Ms. -brand- ‘fire, sword’ does not make sense, while emendation to -band- ‘bond’ produces a well-attested type of sea-kenning. The final letter is unclear, and eds disagree whether it is <z>, i.e. gen. sg. -s (so Skj A) or <r>, hence nom. sg. (so Konráð Gíslason 1895-7).
b*ands ‘bond’
(not checked:)
band (noun n.; °-s; *-): band, bond < frónband (noun n.)
[1] ‑b*ands: ‑brands or ‑brandr Bb
kennings
skjaldbúnum fœriǫndrum frónb*ands‘the shield-adorned travelling skis of the land-bond ’
= SHIPS
the land-bond → SEA
the shield-adorned travelling skis of the SEA → SHIPS
notes
[1] frónb*ands ‘of the land-bond [SEA]’: Ms. -brand- ‘fire, sword’ does not make sense, while emendation to -band- ‘bond’ produces a well-attested type of sea-kenning. The final letter is unclear, and eds disagree whether it is <z>, i.e. gen. sg. -s (so Skj A) or <r>, hence nom. sg. (so Konráð Gíslason 1895-7).
fœri ‘travelling’
(not checked:)
2. fœra (verb): bring < fœriǫndurr (noun m.)
kennings
skjaldbúnum fœriǫndrum frónb*ands‘the shield-adorned travelling skis of the land-bond ’
= SHIPS
the land-bond → SEA
the shield-adorned travelling skis of the SEA → SHIPS
ǫndrum ‘skis’
(not checked:)
andr (noun m.; °; andrar): ski < fœriǫndurr (noun m.)
kennings
skjaldbúnum fœriǫndrum frónb*ands‘the shield-adorned travelling skis of the land-bond ’
= SHIPS
the land-bond → SEA
the shield-adorned travelling skis of the SEA → SHIPS
fríðr ‘the handsome’
(not checked:)
fríðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): beautiful, fair
kennings
fríðr Skǫglar elda sker-Baldr‘skerry-Baldr of the fires of Skǫgul’
= WARRIOR = Óláfr
the fires of Skǫgul → SWORDS
the skerry of SWORDS → SHIELDS
the handsome Baldr of SHIELDS → WARRIOR = Óláfr
til ‘to’
(not checked:)
til (prep.): to
Nóregs ‘Norway’
(not checked:)
Noregr (noun m.): Norway
síðan ‘Then’
(not checked:)
síðan (adv.): later, then
sker ‘of the skerry’
(not checked:)
sker (noun n.; °-s; -, gen. -ja): skerry < skerbaldr (noun m.)
kennings
fríðr Skǫglar elda sker-Baldr‘skerry-Baldr of the fires of Skǫgul’
= WARRIOR = Óláfr
the fires of Skǫgul → SWORDS
the skerry of SWORDS → SHIELDS
the handsome Baldr of SHIELDS → WARRIOR = Óláfr
sker ‘of the skerry’
(not checked:)
sker (noun n.; °-s; -, gen. -ja): skerry < skerbaldr (noun m.)
kennings
fríðr Skǫglar elda sker-Baldr‘skerry-Baldr of the fires of Skǫgul’
= WARRIOR = Óláfr
the fires of Skǫgul → SWORDS
the skerry of SWORDS → SHIELDS
the handsome Baldr of SHIELDS → WARRIOR = Óláfr
Baldr ‘Baldr’
(not checked:)
Baldr (noun m.): [Baldr, Baldur] < skerbaldr (noun m.)
kennings
fríðr Skǫglar elda sker-Baldr‘skerry-Baldr of the fires of Skǫgul’
= WARRIOR = Óláfr
the fires of Skǫgul → SWORDS
the skerry of SWORDS → SHIELDS
the handsome Baldr of SHIELDS → WARRIOR = Óláfr
Skǫglar ‘of Skǫgul’
(not checked:)
Skǫgul (noun f.): Skǫgul
kennings
fríðr Skǫglar elda sker-Baldr‘skerry-Baldr of the fires of Skǫgul’
= WARRIOR = Óláfr
the fires of Skǫgul → SWORDS
the skerry of SWORDS → SHIELDS
the handsome Baldr of SHIELDS → WARRIOR = Óláfr
Skǫglar ‘of Skǫgul’
(not checked:)
Skǫgul (noun f.): Skǫgul
kennings
fríðr Skǫglar elda sker-Baldr‘skerry-Baldr of the fires of Skǫgul’
= WARRIOR = Óláfr
the fires of Skǫgul → SWORDS
the skerry of SWORDS → SHIELDS
the handsome Baldr of SHIELDS → WARRIOR = Óláfr
Skǫglar ‘of Skǫgul’
(not checked:)
Skǫgul (noun f.): Skǫgul
kennings
fríðr Skǫglar elda sker-Baldr‘skerry-Baldr of the fires of Skǫgul’
= WARRIOR = Óláfr
the fires of Skǫgul → SWORDS
the skerry of SWORDS → SHIELDS
the handsome Baldr of SHIELDS → WARRIOR = Óláfr
elda ‘of the fires’
(not checked:)
eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
kennings
fríðr Skǫglar elda sker-Baldr‘skerry-Baldr of the fires of Skǫgul’
= WARRIOR = Óláfr
the fires of Skǫgul → SWORDS
the skerry of SWORDS → SHIELDS
the handsome Baldr of SHIELDS → WARRIOR = Óláfr
elda ‘of the fires’
(not checked:)
eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
kennings
fríðr Skǫglar elda sker-Baldr‘skerry-Baldr of the fires of Skǫgul’
= WARRIOR = Óláfr
the fires of Skǫgul → SWORDS
the skerry of SWORDS → SHIELDS
the handsome Baldr of SHIELDS → WARRIOR = Óláfr
elda ‘of the fires’
(not checked:)
eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire
kennings
fríðr Skǫglar elda sker-Baldr‘skerry-Baldr of the fires of Skǫgul’
= WARRIOR = Óláfr
the fires of Skǫgul → SWORDS
the skerry of SWORDS → SHIELDS
the handsome Baldr of SHIELDS → WARRIOR = Óláfr
skjald ‘the shield’
(not checked:)
skjǫldr (noun m.; °skjaldar/skildar, dat. skildi; skildir, acc. skjǫldu): shield < skjaldbúinn (adj./verb p.p.)
kennings
skjaldbúnum fœriǫndrum frónb*ands‘the shield-adorned travelling skis of the land-bond ’
= SHIPS
the land-bond → SEA
the shield-adorned travelling skis of the SEA → SHIPS
notes
[4] skjaldbúnum ‘shield-adorned’: A phrase similar to hôla tǫrguð ‘splendidly equipped with shields’ in st. 3/3.
búnum ‘adorned’
(not checked:)
búinn (adj./verb p.p.): equipped with < skjaldbúinn (adj./verb p.p.)
kennings
skjaldbúnum fœriǫndrum frónb*ands‘the shield-adorned travelling skis of the land-bond ’
= SHIPS
the land-bond → SEA
the shield-adorned travelling skis of the SEA → SHIPS
notes
[4] skjaldbúnum ‘shield-adorned’: A phrase similar to hôla tǫrguð ‘splendidly equipped with shields’ in st. 3/3.
lét ‘steered’
(not checked:)
láta (verb): let, have sth done
haldit ‘’
(not checked:)
halda (verb): hold, keep
Heiðinn ‘The heathen’
(not checked:)
heiðinn (adj.): heathen
heiman ‘had’
(not checked:)
heiman (adv.): from home
flýði ‘fled’
(not checked:)
flýja (verb): to flee, take flight
hildingr ‘ruler’
(not checked:)
hildingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
né ‘did not’
(not checked:)
né (conj.): nor
þar ‘there’
(not checked:)
þar (adv.): there
vildi ‘wish’
(not checked:)
vilja (verb): want, intend
áðr ‘already’
(not checked:)
áðr (adv.; °//): before
notes
[7] áðr ‘already’: The adv. áðr ‘before’ here, as elsewhere, seems to give pluperfect force to the verb, hence flýði áðr ‘had already fled’. It would give less good sense, though smoother syntax, if taken as qualifying né vildi, hence ‘and had not wished’ (l. 6).
enn ‘any longer’
(not checked:)
2. enn (adv.): still, yet, again
Óláfs ‘for Óláfr’
(not checked:)
Óláfr (noun m.): Óláfr
bíða ‘to wait’
(not checked:)
bíða (verb; °bíðr; beið, biðu; beðit): wait, suffer, experience
jarl ‘and the jarl’
(not checked:)
jarl (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): poet, earl
af ‘away from’
(not checked:)
af (prep.): from
sínu ‘his’
(not checked:)
3. sinn (pron.; °f. sín, n. sitt): (refl. poss. pron.)
hjarli ‘territory’
(not checked:)
hjarl (noun n.): land
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
|
Frónb*ands fœriǫndrum |
Then the handsome Baldr <god> of the skerry of the fires of Skǫgul <valkyrie> [(lit. ‘skerry-Baldr of the fires of Skǫgul’) SWORDS > SHIELDS > WARRIOR = Óláfr] steered the shield-adorned travelling skis of the land-bond [SEA > SHIPS] to Norway. The heathen ruler had already fled away from his territory, and the jarl did not wish to wait any longer for Óláfr there.
Óláfr’s return to Norway is also the subject of Anon Óldr 9. — [1-4]: The placing of the verb phrase lét haldit ‘steered’ at the end of the helmingr would be abnormal in standard dróttkvætt poetry, where the finite verb appears second or first in independent clauses (Gade 1995a, 213), but it is not uncommon in skjálfhent poetry; see also sts 18/5-6, 22/1 and Notes. — [5-8]: The displaced heathen jarl would be Hákon jarl Sigurðarson, though the tradition is that he fled from a rebellion of his subjects, but never left Norway (see ‘Ruler biographies’ in Introduction to this volume). This is compatible with the story here if hjarl (l. 8) means ‘territory’, but not if it refers to the whole land of Norway.
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