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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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GullásÞ Lv 1II

Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Gullásu-Þórðr, Lausavísa 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 471-2.

Gullásu-ÞórðrLausavísa1

Nú tekr ýgr at œgja
ofkúgi mér drjúgum;
þinn hefr hǫlðr of hlannat
hjaldrgegninn mik tjaldi.
Trautt munk lausan láta,
linnbóls gjafi, at sinni
vísan þjóf, þótt váfi
vôn mín und hlut þínum.

Nú tekr ýgr ofkúgi at œgja mér drjúgum; hjaldrgegninn hǫlðr þinn hefr of hlannat mik tjaldi. {Gjafi {linnbóls}}, munk trautt láta vísan þjóf lausan at sinni, þótt vôn mín váfi und hlut þínum.

Now the fierce oppressor begins to frighten me excessively; your pugnacious man has stolen the awning from me. {Bestower {of the snake-lair}} [GOLD > GENEROUS MAN], I’m reluctant to release a proven thief this time, although my future may hang upon your decision.

Mss: Mork(27v) (Mork); H(101r), Hr(68ra) (H-Hr); 518ˣ(2r)

Readings: [1] œgja: ‘ygia’ 518ˣ    [2] of‑: ‘ofur‑’ 518ˣ;    ‑kúgi (‘‑kuginn’): ‑kúgan Hr    [3] þinn hefr hǫlðr of hlannat: ‘þui mun reckur of hlunar’ 518ˣ;    hlannat: ‘hlammat’ Hr    [4] hjaldrgegninn mik tjaldi: ‘hialldur geinginn mar tiallder’ 518ˣ    [6] linn‑: so Hr, 518ˣ, lind‑ Mork, H;    ‑bóls: ‘‑kols’ 518ˣ;    gjafi: ‘giafur’ 518ˣ    [7] þótt: þó Hr    [8] mín: ‘þyn’ 518ˣ;    und: so H, um Mork, undir Hr, of 518ˣ;    þínum: ‘mynum’ 518ˣ

Editions: Skj AI, 453, Skj BI, 421-2, Skald I, 208, NN §920; Mork 1867, 172, Mork 1928-32, 362, Andersson and Gade 2000, 332, 489 (Msona); Fms 7, 114-15 (Msona ch. 25); ÍF 11, 343-4 (GullÁsuÞ).

Context: A servant of the district chieftain Ingimarr Sveinsson (Ingimarr) has stolen the awning from Þórðr’s ship. Þórðr captures the thief, Ingimarr demands that Þórðr release him and Þórðr recites this st. in response.

Notes: [1, 2] ýgr ofkúgi ‘fierce oppressor’: I.e. Ingimarr Sveinsson. He is described as inn mesti ofsamaðr ‘the most ruthless man’ (ÍF 11, 342). Ingimarr died at the battle of Färlev in 1134 (see Ingimarr Biography and Lv). Skj B and Skald give the form ofrkúgi ‘oppressor’ (l. 2; so 518ˣ), but that is not warranted by the majority of ms. witnesses. See also Balti Sigdr 1/7 and LP: ofkúgi, ofrkúgi. — [4] hjaldrgegninn ‘pugnacious’: This adj. can either be m. acc. sg. or m. nom. sg. Skj B takes it as an acc. qualifying mik (m. acc. sg.) ‘me’, but Kock (NN §920) argues that, from the point of view of w. o., it ought to modify the subject þinn hǫlðr ‘your man’ (so also ÍF 11). The argument based on w. o. is untenable, because the adj. could equally well qualify the word in metrical position 4 (mik) in ll. of this type (see Gade 1995a, 79-82). In terms of the context, however, it makes sense to follow Kock’s recommendation because Þórðr is a peaceful merchant and presents himself as the wronged party in this st.

References

  1. Bibliography
  2. Skj B = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1912-15b. Den norsk-islandske skjaldedigtning. B: Rettet tekst. 2 vols. Copenhagen: Villadsen & Christensen. Rpt. 1973. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde & Bagger.
  3. Fms = Sveinbjörn Egilsson et al., eds. 1825-37. Fornmanna sögur eptir gömlum handritum útgefnar að tilhlutun hins norræna fornfræða fèlags. 12 vols. Copenhagen: Popp.
  4. Skald = Kock, Ernst Albin, ed. 1946-50. Den norsk-isländska skaldediktningen. 2 vols. Lund: Gleerup.
  5. NN = Kock, Ernst Albin. 1923-44. Notationes Norrœnæ: Anteckningar till Edda och skaldediktning. Lunds Universitets årsskrift new ser. 1. 28 vols. Lund: Gleerup.
  6. LP = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1931. Lexicon poeticum antiquæ linguæ septentrionalis: Ordbog over det norsk-islandske skjaldesprog oprindelig forfattet af Sveinbjörn Egilsson. 2nd edn. Copenhagen: Møller.
  7. Andersson, Theodore M. and Kari Ellen Gade, trans. 2000. Morkinskinna: The Earliest Icelandic Chronicle of the Norwegian Kings (1030-1157). Islandica 51. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.
  8. Gade, Kari Ellen. 1995a. The Structure of Old Norse dróttkvætt Poetry. Islandica 49. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
  9. Mork 1928-32 = Finnur Jónsson, ed. 1928-32. Morkinskinna. SUGNL 53. Copenhagen: Jørgensen.
  10. ÍF 11 = Austfirðinga sǫgur. Ed. Jón Jóhannesson. 1950.
  11. Mork 1867 = Unger, C. R., ed. 1867. Morkinskinna: Pergamentsbog fra første halvdel af det trettende aarhundrede. Indeholdende en af de ældste optegnelser af norske kongesagaer. Oslo: Bentzen.
  12. Internal references
  13. (forthcoming), ‘ Anonymous, Gull-Ásu-Þórðar þáttr’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=20> (accessed 29 March 2024)
  14. (forthcoming), ‘ Heimskringla, Magnússona saga’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, p. . <https://skaldic.org/m.php?p=text&i=149> (accessed 29 March 2024)
  15. Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Bǫðvarr balti, Sigurðardrápa 1’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 533-4.
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