Alison Finlay (ed.) 2012, ‘Glúmr Geirason, Gráfeldardrápa 9’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 259.
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heimr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): home, abode; world
[1] Hein‑: heim U, ‘hæm’ FskBˣ
[1] heinþynntan ‘whetstone-sharpened’: A hap. leg.
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þungr (adj.): heavy < hein (noun f.): whetstone
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2. þynna (verb): [sharpened] < heinþynntr (adj./verb p.p.)2. þynna (verb): [sharpened]2. þynna (verb): [sharpened]
[1] ‑þynntan: ‘þy[…]’ U, þungan A
[1] heinþynntan ‘whetstone-sharpened’: A hap. leg.
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láta (verb): let, have sth done
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húma (verb)
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hvína (verb): whistle, (fly) whining
[1] hvína: ‘hv(ina)’(?) U, ‘huma’ FskBˣ
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hryn- ((prefix)): roaring-
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hrynja (verb): fall, flow < hrynjeldr (noun m.)hrynja (verb): fall, flow < hrynjeldr (noun m.)
[2] hrynj‑: so FskBˣ, FskAˣ, hryn‑ R, Tˣ, W, U, A
[2] hrynjeld ‘resounding fire’: The form hrynj- is required for metrical reasons (cf. Kuhn 1983, 109).
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eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire < hrynjeldr (noun m.)
[2] ‑eld at: ‑eldr at U, A, eldar FskAˣ
[2] hrynjeld ‘resounding fire’: The form hrynj- is required for metrical reasons (cf. Kuhn 1983, 109).
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þar (adv.): there
[2] þat: þeim U, þar FskBˣ
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1. brynja (noun f.; °-u (dat. brynnoni Gibb 38⁹); -ur): mailcoat
[2] brynju: ‘br[…]’ U
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fylla (verb): fill
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fold (noun f.): land
[3] foldar: so W, U, A, FskBˣ, FskAˣ, fyldar R, fylda Tˣ
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vǫrðr (noun m.; °varðar, dat. verði/vǫrð; verðir, acc. vǫrðu): guardian, defender
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sás (conj.): the one who
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forðum (adv.): formerly, once
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2. firðr (noun m.): [men]
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2. fyrðr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -): man
[3] fyrðum: firðum FskBˣ, forðum FskAˣ
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fjǫrr (noun m.): life < fjǫrrharðr (adj.)
[4] fjǫrnharðan ‘amazingly hard’: A hap. leg. The element fjǫrn- is related to f. pl. firnar (ModIcel. n. pl. firn) ‘something remote, exceptional’, often used as intensifying gen. pl., e.g. HSt Rst 9/2 firna mǫrg ‘very many’; see LP: firnar, fjǫrnharðr. (a) The interpretation of Kock (NN §1062), taking it in parallel with heinþynntan ‘whetstone-sharpened’ (lit. ‘-thinned’), is adopted here, as syntactically more conventional than the following solution. (b) Finnur Jónsson (Skj B; LP: fjǫrnharðr) takes fjǫrnharðan as a m. acc. sg. adj. used as an adv., ‘amazingly strongly’, in the rel. clause. (c) Faulkes (SnE 1998, II, 274) notes the further possibility that it could function adjectivally with sik ‘himself’.
[4] fjǫrnharðan ‘amazingly hard’: A hap. leg. The element fjǫrn- is related to f. pl. firnar (ModIcel. n. pl. firn) ‘something remote, exceptional’, often used as intensifying gen. pl., e.g. HSt Rst 9/2 firna mǫrg ‘very many’; see LP: firnar, fjǫrnharðr. (a) The interpretation of Kock (NN §1062), taking it in parallel with heinþynntan ‘whetstone-sharpened’ (lit. ‘-thinned’), is adopted here, as syntactically more conventional than the following solution. (b) Finnur Jónsson (Skj B; LP: fjǫrnharðr) takes fjǫrnharðan as a m. acc. sg. adj. used as an adv., ‘amazingly strongly’, in the rel. clause. (c) Faulkes (SnE 1998, II, 274) notes the further possibility that it could function adjectivally with sik ‘himself’.
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sigr (noun m.; °sigrs/sigrar, dat. sigri; sigrar): victory
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sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)
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3. verja (verb): defend
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