Cookies on our website

We use cookies on this website, mainly to provide a secure browsing experience but also to collect statistics on how the website is used. You can find out more about the cookies we set, the information we store and how we use it on the cookies page.

Continue

Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

Menu Search

Close

Glúmr Gráf 14^I

Alison Finlay (ed.) 2012, ‘Glúmr Geirason, Gráfeldardrápa 14’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 264.

Glúmr Geirason Gráfeldardrápa

Kunni ‘had’

(not checked:)
kunna (verb): know, can, be able

notes

[1, 4] kunni tolf íþróttir ‘had twelve skills’: This is reminiscent of Hharð Gamv 4^II and Rv Lv 1^II, in which Haraldr harðráði and Rǫgnvaldr Kali enumerate eight and nine skills respectively; see Note to st. 11/2 above. — [1] kunni tolf, sás, tanna: On this tripartite line, see Gade (1995a, 215).

Kunni ‘had’

(not checked:)
kunna (verb): know, can, be able

notes

[1, 4] kunni tolf íþróttir ‘had twelve skills’: This is reminiscent of Hharð Gamv 4^II and Rv Lv 1^II, in which Haraldr harðráði and Rǫgnvaldr Kali enumerate eight and nine skills respectively; see Note to st. 11/2 above. — [1] kunni tolf, sás, tanna: On this tripartite line, see Gade (1995a, 215).

tolf ‘twelve’

(not checked:)
tolf (num. cardinal): twelve

notes

[1, 4] kunni tolf íþróttir ‘had twelve skills’: This is reminiscent of Hharð Gamv 4^II and Rv Lv 1^II, in which Haraldr harðráði and Rǫgnvaldr Kali enumerate eight and nine skills respectively; see Note to st. 11/2 above. — [1] kunni tolf, sás, tanna: On this tripartite line, see Gade (1995a, 215).

tolf ‘twelve’

(not checked:)
tolf (num. cardinal): twelve

notes

[1, 4] kunni tolf íþróttir ‘had twelve skills’: This is reminiscent of Hharð Gamv 4^II and Rv Lv 1^II, in which Haraldr harðráði and Rǫgnvaldr Kali enumerate eight and nine skills respectively; see Note to st. 11/2 above. — [1] kunni tolf, sás, tanna: On this tripartite line, see Gade (1995a, 215).

sás ‘who’

(not checked:)
sás (conj.): the one who

notes

[1] kunni tolf, sás, tanna: On this tripartite line, see Gade (1995a, 215).

kanna ‘’

(not checked:)
3. kanna (verb): know, be able

tanna ‘of the teeth’

(not checked:)
tǫnn (noun f.; °tannar; tenn/tennr/tennar): tooth

[1] tanna: kanna 61, Bb

kennings

Ógnarstafr tanna Hallinskíða,
‘The terror-stave of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, → GOLD
The terror-stave of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[1, 2] tanna Hallinskíða ‘of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr> [GOLD]’: Gylf (SnE 2005, 25) gives Hallinskíði as a name of the god Heimdallr, and says that his teeth were of gold. Hallinskíði, perhaps ‘one with leaning sticks’, is also a heiti for ‘ram’, and there may be an association between the animal and Heimdallr (see Þul Hrúts 1/6^III and Note; Simek 1993, 128-9). — [1] kunni tolf, sás, tanna: On this tripartite line, see Gade (1995a, 215).

tanna ‘of the teeth’

(not checked:)
tǫnn (noun f.; °tannar; tenn/tennr/tennar): tooth

[1] tanna: kanna 61, Bb

kennings

Ógnarstafr tanna Hallinskíða,
‘The terror-stave of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, → GOLD
The terror-stave of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[1, 2] tanna Hallinskíða ‘of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr> [GOLD]’: Gylf (SnE 2005, 25) gives Hallinskíði as a name of the god Heimdallr, and says that his teeth were of gold. Hallinskíði, perhaps ‘one with leaning sticks’, is also a heiti for ‘ram’, and there may be an association between the animal and Heimdallr (see Þul Hrúts 1/6^III and Note; Simek 1993, 128-9). — [1] kunni tolf, sás, tanna: On this tripartite line, see Gade (1995a, 215).

tanna ‘of the teeth’

(not checked:)
tǫnn (noun f.; °tannar; tenn/tennr/tennar): tooth

[1] tanna: kanna 61, Bb

kennings

Ógnarstafr tanna Hallinskíða,
‘The terror-stave of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, → GOLD
The terror-stave of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[1, 2] tanna Hallinskíða ‘of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr> [GOLD]’: Gylf (SnE 2005, 25) gives Hallinskíði as a name of the god Heimdallr, and says that his teeth were of gold. Hallinskíði, perhaps ‘one with leaning sticks’, is also a heiti for ‘ram’, and there may be an association between the animal and Heimdallr (see Þul Hrúts 1/6^III and Note; Simek 1993, 128-9). — [1] kunni tolf, sás, tanna: On this tripartite line, see Gade (1995a, 215).

tanna ‘of the teeth’

(not checked:)
tǫnn (noun f.; °tannar; tenn/tennr/tennar): tooth

[1] tanna: kanna 61, Bb

kennings

Ógnarstafr tanna Hallinskíða,
‘The terror-stave of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, → GOLD
The terror-stave of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[1, 2] tanna Hallinskíða ‘of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr> [GOLD]’: Gylf (SnE 2005, 25) gives Hallinskíði as a name of the god Heimdallr, and says that his teeth were of gold. Hallinskíði, perhaps ‘one with leaning sticks’, is also a heiti for ‘ram’, and there may be an association between the animal and Heimdallr (see Þul Hrúts 1/6^III and Note; Simek 1993, 128-9). — [1] kunni tolf, sás, tanna: On this tripartite line, see Gade (1995a, 215).

tíða ‘’

(not checked:)
1. tíð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time

tíðum ‘often’

(not checked:)
1. tíð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): time

[2] tíðum: tíða Bb

ok ‘’

(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

hjalm ‘’

(not checked:)
1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet

haldin ‘’

halm ‘’

(not checked:)
halmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-): straw < halmskíði (noun m.)

Hallin ‘of Hallin’

(not checked:)
3. hallr (adj.): tilting, awry < Hallinskíði (noun m.): Hallinskíði

[2] Hallin‑: halm J1ˣ, J2ˣ, haldin 61, hjalm ok Bb

kennings

Ógnarstafr tanna Hallinskíða,
‘The terror-stave of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, → GOLD
The terror-stave of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[1, 2] tanna Hallinskíða ‘of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr> [GOLD]’: Gylf (SnE 2005, 25) gives Hallinskíði as a name of the god Heimdallr, and says that his teeth were of gold. Hallinskíði, perhaps ‘one with leaning sticks’, is also a heiti for ‘ram’, and there may be an association between the animal and Heimdallr (see Þul Hrúts 1/6^III and Note; Simek 1993, 128-9).

Hallin ‘of Hallin’

(not checked:)
3. hallr (adj.): tilting, awry < Hallinskíði (noun m.): Hallinskíði

[2] Hallin‑: halm J1ˣ, J2ˣ, haldin 61, hjalm ok Bb

kennings

Ógnarstafr tanna Hallinskíða,
‘The terror-stave of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, → GOLD
The terror-stave of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[1, 2] tanna Hallinskíða ‘of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr> [GOLD]’: Gylf (SnE 2005, 25) gives Hallinskíði as a name of the god Heimdallr, and says that his teeth were of gold. Hallinskíði, perhaps ‘one with leaning sticks’, is also a heiti for ‘ram’, and there may be an association between the animal and Heimdallr (see Þul Hrúts 1/6^III and Note; Simek 1993, 128-9).

skíða ‘skíði <= Heimdallr>’

(not checked:)
skíði (noun m.): ski (?) < Hallinskíði (noun m.): Hallinskíðiskíði (noun m.): ski (?) < halmskíði (noun m.)skíði (noun m.): ski (?)

kennings

Ógnarstafr tanna Hallinskíða,
‘The terror-stave of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, → GOLD
The terror-stave of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[1, 2] tanna Hallinskíða ‘of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr> [GOLD]’: Gylf (SnE 2005, 25) gives Hallinskíði as a name of the god Heimdallr, and says that his teeth were of gold. Hallinskíði, perhaps ‘one with leaning sticks’, is also a heiti for ‘ram’, and there may be an association between the animal and Heimdallr (see Þul Hrúts 1/6^III and Note; Simek 1993, 128-9).

skíða ‘skíði <= Heimdallr>’

(not checked:)
skíði (noun m.): ski (?) < Hallinskíði (noun m.): Hallinskíðiskíði (noun m.): ski (?) < halmskíði (noun m.)skíði (noun m.): ski (?)

kennings

Ógnarstafr tanna Hallinskíða,
‘The terror-stave of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, → GOLD
The terror-stave of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[1, 2] tanna Hallinskíða ‘of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr> [GOLD]’: Gylf (SnE 2005, 25) gives Hallinskíði as a name of the god Heimdallr, and says that his teeth were of gold. Hallinskíði, perhaps ‘one with leaning sticks’, is also a heiti for ‘ram’, and there may be an association between the animal and Heimdallr (see Þul Hrúts 1/6^III and Note; Simek 1993, 128-9).

ógnar ‘The terror’

(not checked:)
ógn (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): terror, battle < ógnarstafr (noun m.)ógn (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): terror, battle

kennings

Ógnarstafr tanna Hallinskíða,
‘The terror-stave of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, → GOLD
The terror-stave of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[3] ógnarstafr ‘the terror-stave’: Ógn ‘terror’ has the secondary meaning ‘battle’, and stafr ógnar occurs as a kenning for ‘warrior’ in Ótt Knútdr 11/7. Here, though, the primary sense ‘terror’ is required to complete the kenning: the generous man frightens gold away, i.e. dispenses it liberally. This is another example of a rare kenning type in which the base-word is compounded with an element denoting an action of which the determinant is the object; cf. sœkialfr ‘attacking elf’ in st. 13/3 and Note to st. 13/3, 4.

starfr ‘’

stafr ‘stave’

(not checked:)
stafr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -; -ir): staff, post, stave, stick < ógnarstafr (noun m.)

[3] ‑stafr: starfr J1ˣ

kennings

Ógnarstafr tanna Hallinskíða,
‘The terror-stave of the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, ’
= GENEROUS MAN
the teeth of Hallinskíði <= Heimdallr>, → GOLD
The terror-stave of the GOLD → GENEROUS MAN

notes

[3] ógnarstafr ‘the terror-stave’: Ógn ‘terror’ has the secondary meaning ‘battle’, and stafr ógnar occurs as a kenning for ‘warrior’ in Ótt Knútdr 11/7. Here, though, the primary sense ‘terror’ is required to complete the kenning: the generous man frightens gold away, i.e. dispenses it liberally. This is another example of a rare kenning type in which the base-word is compounded with an element denoting an action of which the determinant is the object; cf. sœkialfr ‘attacking elf’ in st. 13/3 and Note to st. 13/3, 4.

ok ‘’

(not checked:)
3. ok (conj.): and, but; also

of ‘on’

(not checked:)
3. of (prep.): around, from; too

[3] of: ok Bb

notes

[3, 4] sótti framm of jǫfra ‘launched attacks on princes’: Sveinbjörn Egilsson (Fms 12) allows sótti framm to stand alone, meaning ‘launched attacks’, and prints of-jöfra, which he takes with íþróttir, translating the phrase as konunglegar íþróttir ‘kingly skills’.

jǫfra ‘princes’

(not checked:)
jǫfurr (noun m.): ruler, prince

notes

[3, 4] sótti framm of jǫfra ‘launched attacks on princes’: Sveinbjörn Egilsson (Fms 12) allows sótti framm to stand alone, meaning ‘launched attacks’, and prints of-jöfra, which he takes with íþróttir, translating the phrase as konunglegar íþróttir ‘kingly skills’.

íþróttir ‘skills’

(not checked:)
íþrótt (noun f.): skill, accomplishment

notes

[1, 4] kunni tolf íþróttir ‘had twelve skills’: This is reminiscent of Hharð Gamv 4^II and Rv Lv 1^II, in which Haraldr harðráði and Rǫgnvaldr Kali enumerate eight and nine skills respectively; see Note to st. 11/2 above.

frá ‘’

(not checked:)
frá (prep.): from

framm ‘attacks’

(not checked:)
fram (adv.): out, forth, forwards, away

[4] framm: frá J1ˣ

notes

[3, 4] sótti framm of jǫfra ‘launched attacks on princes’: Sveinbjörn Egilsson (Fms 12) allows sótti framm to stand alone, meaning ‘launched attacks’, and prints of-jöfra, which he takes with íþróttir, translating the phrase as konunglegar íþróttir ‘kingly skills’.

sótti ‘launched’

(not checked:)
sœkja (verb): seek, attack

notes

[3, 4] sótti framm of jǫfra ‘launched attacks on princes’: Sveinbjörn Egilsson (Fms 12) allows sótti framm to stand alone, meaning ‘launched attacks’, and prints of-jöfra, which he takes with íþróttir, translating the phrase as konunglegar íþróttir ‘kingly skills’.

Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses

The stanza accompanies a description of the Eiríkssynir (or Gunnhildarsynir).

log in home page info previous up a level next archive and create persistent link on archive.org

© Skaldic Project Academic Body and Brepols, unless otherwise noted. Database structure and interface developed by Tarrin Wills. All users of material on this database are reminded that its content may be either subject to copyright restrictions or is the property of the custodians of linked databases that have given permission for members of the skaldic project to use their material for research purposes. Those users who have been given access to as yet unpublished material are further reminded that they may not use, publish or otherwise manipulate such material except with the express permission of the individual editor of the material in question and the General Editor of the volume in which the material is to be published. Applications for permission to use such material should be made in the first instance to the General Editor of the volume in question. All information that appears in the published volumes has been thoroughly reviewed. If you believe some information here is incorrect please contact Tarrin Wills with full details.

Close

Stanza/chapter/text segment

Use the buttons at the top of the page to navigate between stanzas in a poem.

Information tab

text: if the stanza has been published, the edited text of the stanza and translation are here; if it hasn't been published an old edition (usually Skj) is given for reference
sources: a list of the manuscripts or inscriptions containing this stanza, with page and line references and links (eye button) to images where available, and transcription where available
readings: a list of variant manuscript readings of words in the main text
editions and texts: a list of editions of the stanza with links to the bibliography; and a list of prose works in which the stanza occurs, allowing you to navigate within the prose context
notes and context: notes not linked to individual words are given here, along with the account of the prose context for the stanza, where relevant

Interactive tab

The text and translation are given here, with buttons to toggle whether the text is shown in the verse order or prose word order. Clicking on indiviudal words gives dictionary links, variant readings, kennings and notes, where relevant.

Full text tab

This is the text of the edition in a similar format to how the edition appears in the printed volumes.

Chapter/text segment

This view is also used for chapters and other text segments. Not all the headings shown are relevant to such sections.