Glúmr Gráf 12I
Alison Finlay (ed.) 2012, ‘Glúmr Geirason, Gráfeldardrápa 12’ in Diana Whaley (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 1. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 262.
fellumsk ‘’
fellu ‘’
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falla (verb): fall
Fellumk ‘fell from me’
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falla (verb): fall
[1] Fellumk: so J1ˣ, 325VIII 1, 61, 53, 54, Bb, 62, fellumsk Kˣ, 39, F, J2ˣ, fellu Flat
notes
[1] fellumk ‘fell from me’: See LP: falla 5.
hjalms ‘’
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1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet
hjalm ‘’
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1. hjalmr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i; -ar): helmet
hilmis ‘of the ruler’
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hilmir (noun m.): prince, protector
hjǫr ‘the sword’
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hjǫrr (noun m.): sword < hjǫrdrífa (noun f.): [sword-blizzard]
kennings
hjǫrdrífa‘the sword-blizzard ’
= BATTLE
the sword-blizzard → BATTLE
drífa ‘blizzard’
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1. drífa (noun f.; °-u): snow-storm < hjǫrdrífa (noun f.): [sword-blizzard]
kennings
hjǫrdrífa‘the sword-blizzard ’
= BATTLE
the sword-blizzard → BATTLE
brá ‘ended’
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bregða (verb; °bregðr/brigðr; brá, brugðu; brugðinn/brogðinn): pull, jerk, break; change
verðugt ‘’
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verðugr (adj.): deserving, worthy
beiðuð ‘’
lífi ‘the life’
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líf (noun n.; °-s; -): life
réðat ‘did not bring about’
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ráða (verb): advise, rule, interpret, decide
[3] réðat: beiðuð 62, verðugt Flat
oss ‘us [me]’
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vér (pron.; °gen. vár, dat./acc. oss): we, us, our
til ‘for’
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til (prep.): to
auðar ‘wealth’
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1. auðr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-): wealth
vann ‘’
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2. vinna (verb): perform, work
auð ‘my expectation’
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1. auðr (noun m.; °-s/-ar, dat. -i/-): wealth < auðván (noun f.): expectation of wealth
Haraldar ‘’
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Haraldr (noun m.): Haraldr
vôn ‘of wealth’
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ván (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): hope, expectation < auðván (noun f.): expectation of wealth
[4] ‑vôn: vann Bb, Flat
dauða ‘’
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dauði (noun m.; °-a; -ar): death
Haralds ‘Haraldr’s’
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Haraldr (noun m.): Haraldr
[4] Haralds: ‘har̄’ 39, F, ‘har’ J1ˣ, Haraldar 53
veitk ‘I know’
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1. vita (verb): know
hef ‘’
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hafa (verb): have
hófr ‘’
heitit ‘promised’
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2. heita (verb): be called, promise
hans ‘of his’
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hann (pron.; °gen. hans, dat. honum; f. hon, gen. hennar, acc. hana): he, she, it, they, them...
mér ‘me’
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ek (pron.; °mín, dat. mér, acc. mik): I, me
sér ‘’
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2. sjá (verb): see
góðu ‘good things’
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góðr (adj.): good
of ‘’
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4. of (particle): (before verb)
sjá ‘look’
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2. sjá (verb): see
[7] sjá getr þar til sælu: sér of slíkt til þeira A, W, B
sér ‘’
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sik (pron.; °gen. sín, dat. sér): (refl. pron.)
slíkt ‘’
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2. slíkr (adj.): such
getr ‘can’
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2. geta (verb): to beget, give birth to, mention, speak of; to think well of, like, love
[7] sjá getr þar til sælu: sér of slíkt til þeira A, W, B
þar ‘there’
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þar (adv.): there
[7] sjá getr þar til sælu: sér of slíkt til þeira A, W, B; þar: sér 62, sér sjá getr sér Flat
seggs ‘’
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seggr (noun m.; °; -ir): man < seggsfjǫlð (noun f.)
sælu ‘prosperity’
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1. sæla (noun f.; °-u; -ur): bliss
[7] sjá getr þar til sælu: sér of slíkt til þeira A, W, B
fljóðs ‘’
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fljóð (noun n.): woman < seggfljóð (noun n.)
segg ‘of men’
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seggr (noun m.; °; -ir): man < seggfjǫlð (noun f.)seggr (noun m.; °; -ir): man < seggfljóð (noun n.)
[8] segg‑: so all others, seggs Kˣ
hvor ‘’
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hvar (adv.): where
hvárt ‘’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
hvára ‘’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
kvaðar ‘’
hvatar ‘’
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hvata (verb): incite, hasten
fjǫlð ‘a multitude’
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fjǫlð (noun f.): multitude < seggfjǫlð (noun f.)fjǫlð (noun f.): multitude < seggsfjǫlð (noun f.)
[8] ‑fjǫlð: fljóðs 62
teggi ‘’
tveggju ‘’
hvaðarr ‘both’
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hvaðarr (pron.): [both] < hvaðarrtveggi (pron.)hvaðarr (pron.): [both]
[8] hvaðarr‑: ‘hvatar’ F, kvaðar 325VIII 1, hvára 53, hvárt‑ 62, hvor Flat
notes
[8] hvaðarrtveggi ‘both’: In TGT the disyllabic form hvaðarr for hvárr is noted as a form of licence (barbarismus), but it is the legitimate early form (ANG §478 Anm. 1; LP: hvaðarr). Finnur Jónsson in Skj B prints the gen. pl. -tveggja and in LP: hvaðartveggja suggests that -tveggja is the older form. However, ANG (loc. cit.) considers nom. sg. tuegge (normalised -tveggi) old and rare.
tveggi ‘’
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-tveggi (pron.) < hvaðarrtveggi (pron.)
[8] ‑tveggi: tveggju 61, 53, ‘‑teggi’ 62
notes
[8] hvaðarrtveggi ‘both’: In TGT the disyllabic form hvaðarr for hvárr is noted as a form of licence (barbarismus), but it is the legitimate early form (ANG §478 Anm. 1; LP: hvaðarr). Finnur Jónsson in Skj B prints the gen. pl. -tveggja and in LP: hvaðartveggja suggests that -tveggja is the older form. However, ANG (loc. cit.) considers nom. sg. tuegge (normalised -tveggi) old and rare.
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
In Hkr, the stanza follows the statement that two of the Eiríkssynir (Gunnhildarsynir), Ragnfrøðr and Guðrøðr, survive after the death of Haraldr. The second helmingr is cited in TGT to exemplify the addition of a syllable as a form of barbarismus since the form hvaðarr ‘one of two, both’ is used instead of hvárr to provide the required number of syllables (see Note to l. 8).
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