Gísl Magnkv 15II
Kari Ellen Gade (ed.) 2009, ‘Gísl Illugason, Erfikvæði about Magnús berfœttr 15’ in Kari Ellen Gade (ed.), Poetry from the Kings’ Sagas 2: From c. 1035 to c. 1300. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 2. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 426-7.
Vágr ‘The sea’
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vágr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-; -ar): sea, wave
þrútnaði ‘swelled’
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þrútna (verb): [swells, swelled]
en ‘and’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
vefi ‘the sails’
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vefr (noun m.; °-jar; -ir): cloth, sail, weaving
notes
[2-3] keyrði vefi á stag ‘drove the sails against the stays’: See Note to Valg Har 6/6.
keyrði ‘drove’
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keyra (verb): drive, whip, fling
notes
[2-3] keyrði vefi á stag ‘drove the sails against the stays’: See Note to Valg Har 6/6.
steinóðr ‘the raging’
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steinóðr (adj.): fury, destruction
kennings
steinóðr galli storðar‘the raging destruction of the sapling ’
= STORM
the raging destruction of the sapling → STORM
á ‘against’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
notes
[2-3] keyrði vefi á stag ‘drove the sails against the stays’: See Note to Valg Har 6/6.
stag ‘the stays’
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stag (noun n.; °-s; *-): forestay, stay
notes
[2-3] keyrði vefi á stag ‘drove the sails against the stays’: See Note to Valg Har 6/6.
storðar ‘of the sapling’
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2. storð (noun f.): young wood, earth
kennings
steinóðr galli storðar‘the raging destruction of the sapling ’
= STORM
the raging destruction of the sapling → STORM
galli ‘destruction’
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1. galli (noun m.): destruction
kennings
steinóðr galli storðar‘the raging destruction of the sapling ’
= STORM
the raging destruction of the sapling → STORM
Braut ‘broke’
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brjóta (verb; °brýtr; braut, brutu; brotinn): to break, destroy
dýrr ‘The precious’
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dýrr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -str/-astr): precious
dreki ‘dragon’
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dreki (noun m.; °-a; -ar): dragon, dragon-ship
notes
[5] dreki ‘dragon’: A Viking longship with a carved head on the prow (and sometimes on the stern as well; see Falk 1912, 39-42, 105-7 and Jesch 2001a, 127-8). See also st. 16/7 below.
und ‘beneath’
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3. und (prep.): under, underneath
Dana ‘of the Danes’
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Danr (noun m.; °dat. -; -ir): Dane
kennings
skelfi Dana‘the terrifier of the Danes ’
= Magnús
the terrifier of the Danes → Magnús
notes
[6] skelfi Dana ‘the terrifier of the Danes [= Magnús]’: This kenning could allude to Magnús’s early campaign against the Danes (see Bkrepp Magndr 1 and Note to Bkrepp Magndr 11/5).
skelfi ‘the terrifier’
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skelfir (noun m.): terrifier
kennings
skelfi Dana‘the terrifier of the Danes ’
= Magnús
the terrifier of the Danes → Magnús
notes
[6] skelfi Dana ‘the terrifier of the Danes [= Magnús]’: This kenning could allude to Magnús’s early campaign against the Danes (see Bkrepp Magndr 1 and Note to Bkrepp Magndr 11/5).
hrygg ‘the back’
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1. hryggr (noun m.; °-jar/-s(cogn.), dat. -; -ir): back; ridge
í ‘in’
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í (prep.): in, into
hverri ‘every’
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2. hverr (pron.): who, whom, each, every
kennings
hverri glymbrúði hafs.‘every roaring-bride of the ocean.’
= WAVE
every roaring-bride of the ocean. → WAVE
hafs ‘of the ocean’
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haf (noun n.; °-s; *-): sea
kennings
hverri glymbrúði hafs.‘every roaring-bride of the ocean.’
= WAVE
every roaring-bride of the ocean. → WAVE
notes
[8] glymbrúði hafs ‘roaring-bride of the ocean [WAVE]’: In ON mythology Ægir was a personification of the sea. His bride was the goddess Rán (see SnE 1998, I, 36 and Note to SnH Lv 6/3), who also personified the destructive powers of the ocean. The sense of this cl. is that the dragon-ship cut through the crest of every wave (broke their backs). For similar imagery portraying vigorous sailing as fights between ships and waves (depicted as destructive female powers), see HHund I 28-30 and HHj 18-23 (NK 134, 144-5).
kennings
hverri glymbrúði hafs.‘every roaring-bride of the ocean.’
= WAVE
every roaring-bride of the ocean. → WAVE
notes
[8] glymbrúði hafs ‘roaring-bride of the ocean [WAVE]’: In ON mythology Ægir was a personification of the sea. His bride was the goddess Rán (see SnE 1998, I, 36 and Note to SnH Lv 6/3), who also personified the destructive powers of the ocean. The sense of this cl. is that the dragon-ship cut through the crest of every wave (broke their backs). For similar imagery portraying vigorous sailing as fights between ships and waves (depicted as destructive female powers), see HHund I 28-30 and HHj 18-23 (NK 134, 144-5).
brúði ‘bride’
(not checked:)
brúðr (noun f.; °brúðar, dat. & acc. brúði; brúðir): woman, bride < glymbrúðr (noun f.)
kennings
hverri glymbrúði hafs.‘every roaring-bride of the ocean.’
= WAVE
every roaring-bride of the ocean. → WAVE
notes
[8] glymbrúði hafs ‘roaring-bride of the ocean [WAVE]’: In ON mythology Ægir was a personification of the sea. His bride was the goddess Rán (see SnE 1998, I, 36 and Note to SnH Lv 6/3), who also personified the destructive powers of the ocean. The sense of this cl. is that the dragon-ship cut through the crest of every wave (broke their backs). For similar imagery portraying vigorous sailing as fights between ships and waves (depicted as destructive female powers), see HHund I 28-30 and HHj 18-23 (NK 134, 144-5).
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As st. 14 above.
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