Gamlkan Has 48VII
Katrina Attwood (ed.) 2007, ‘Gamli kanóki, Harmsól 48’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 115.
Frétt ‘heard’
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1. fregna (verb): hear of
hafa* ‘have’
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hafa (verb): have
[1] hafa*: ‘hafum’ B, 399a‑bˣ, ‘hǫfum’ BRydberg, ‘hofum’ BFJ
notes
[1] hafa* ‘have’: Finnur Jónsson, followed by Kock, Black, and this edn, emends B’s ‘hafum’ (l. 1) to hafa* in order to supply a verb in the 3rd pers. pl., and construes dyggvar dróttir hafa frétt ‘worthy men have heard’.
dyggvar ‘Worthy’
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dyggr (adj.; °dyggvan/dyggan; compar. -vari/-ari/-ri, superl. -vastr/-astr/-str): trustworthy
dróttir ‘men’
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1. drótt (noun f.): troop
Dávíð ‘David’
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Davíð (noun m.): David
konungr ‘King’
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konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king
síðan ‘later’
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síðan (adv.): later, then
snilli ‘to eloquence’
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snilli (noun f.): eloquence
notes
[3] snilli vanðr ‘accustomed to eloquence’: Cf. Leið 6/6, where God is described as snillifimr ‘prowess-nimble’. Both expressions appear to be hap. leg. Use of this cpd here to describe the Psalmist, David, is particularly appropriate.
vanðr ‘accustomed’
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2. venja (verb): accustom, train
notes
[3] snilli vanðr ‘accustomed to eloquence’: Cf. Leið 6/6, where God is described as snillifimr ‘prowess-nimble’. Both expressions appear to be hap. leg. Use of this cpd here to describe the Psalmist, David, is particularly appropriate.
ept ‘after’
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eptir (prep.): after, behind
synðir ‘sins’
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synð (noun f.; °-ar; -ir): sin
siða ‘moral’
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siðr (noun m.; °-ar, dat. -/-i; -ir, acc. -u): faith, morals < siðabót (noun f.)
[4] siðabót: so 399a‑bˣ, ‘s[...]bot’ B
bót ‘amends’
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bót (noun f.; °-ar; bǿtr): compensation < siðabót (noun f.)
[4] siðabót: so 399a‑bˣ, ‘s[...]bot’ B
at ‘that’
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4. at (conj.): that
tók ‘made’
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2. taka (verb): take
skjóta ‘quick’
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2. skjótr (adj.): quick(ly)
Blíðr ‘The gentle’
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blíðr (adj.; °n. sg. nom. & acc. blítt/blíðt; compar. -ari, superl. -astr): gentle, happy
nam ‘took’
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1. nema (verb): to take
þengill ‘king’
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þengill (noun m.): prince, ruler
þýðask ‘pleasure’
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2. þýða (verb): interpret
s ‘is’
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2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am
bann ‘forbidden’
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bann (noun n.; °-s; *-): ban
konu ‘in the wife’
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kona (noun f.; °-u; -ur/-r(KlmA1980 116¹¹), gen. pl. kvenna/kvinna): woman
annars ‘of another man’
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1. annarr (pron.; °f. ǫnnur, n. annat; pl. aðrir): (an)other, second
en ‘and’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
réð ‘brought about the death’
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ráða (verb): advise, rule, interpret, decide
svát ‘in such a way that’
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svát (conj.): so that, so as
bar ‘it happened’
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3. bera (verb; °berr; bar, báru; borinn): bear, carry
brôðum ‘by surprise’
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bráðr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): quick(ly)
búand ‘husband’
[8] búandmann*: ‘[...]uand mannz’ B, ‘buand mannz’ 399a‑bˣ
notes
[8] búandmann* ‘husband’: B’s reading ‘[...]uand mannz’ is gen. Sveinbjörn Egilsson (note to 444ˣ transcript and 1844, 28 n. 59) emends to búandmann acc., which has been adopted by all subsequent eds.
mann* ‘’
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maðr (noun m.): man, person < búandmaðr (noun m.): landowner, farmer
[8] búandmann*: ‘[...]uand mannz’ B, ‘buand mannz’ 399a‑bˣ
notes
[8] búandmann* ‘husband’: B’s reading ‘[...]uand mannz’ is gen. Sveinbjörn Egilsson (note to 444ˣ transcript and 1844, 28 n. 59) emends to búandmann acc., which has been adopted by all subsequent eds.
af ‘for’
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af (prep.): from
notes
[8] af því ‘for that reason’: Kock (NN §3243) notes that the force of this phrase is consequential, rather than temporal. Gamli is implying that David arranged the death of Uriah as a consequence of his love for Bathsheba, not, as Skj B’s translation derefter ‘thereafter’ suggests, merely after he had fallen in love with her.
því ‘that reason’
notes
[8] af því ‘for that reason’: Kock (NN §3243) notes that the force of this phrase is consequential, rather than temporal. Gamli is implying that David arranged the death of Uriah as a consequence of his love for Bathsheba, not, as Skj B’s translation derefter ‘thereafter’ suggests, merely after he had fallen in love with her.
svanna ‘of the woman’s’
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svanni (noun m.): lady, woman
Interactive view: tap on words in the text for notes and glosses
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Frétt hafa* dyggvar dróttir, |
Worthy men have heard that King David, accustomed to eloquence, later made quick moral amends after his sins. The gentle king took pleasure in the wife of another man — that is forbidden — and for that reason brought about the death of the woman’s husband, in such a way that it happened by surprise.
[5-8]: The story of David’s adultery with Bathsheba and the subsequent death of Bathsheba’s husband, Uriah the Hittite, is recounted in 2 Sam. XI.
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