Gamlkan Has 38VII
Katrina Attwood (ed.) 2007, ‘Gamli kanóki, Harmsól 38’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, p. 106.
Þjóð ‘people’
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þjóð (noun f.; °-ar, dat. -/-u; -ir): people
á ‘’
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3. á (prep.): on, at
hart ‘hardship’
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harðr (adj.; °comp. -ari; superl. -astr): hard, harsh
s ‘who’
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2. er (conj.): who, which, when
hlýða ‘heed’
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2. hlýða (verb): hear, listen; be able
hildings ‘of the prince’
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hildingr (noun m.; °; -ar): king, ruler
kennings
hildings kyns lofða‘of the prince of the race of men ’
= RULER = Christ
the race of men → MANKIND
the prince of the MANKIND → RULER = Christ
boðum ‘the commandments’
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boð (noun n.; °-s; -): command, offer, feast
vildat ‘would not’
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vilja (verb): want, intend
lofða ‘of men’
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lofði (noun m.; °; -ar): man
kennings
hildings kyns lofða‘of the prince of the race of men ’
= RULER = Christ
the race of men → MANKIND
the prince of the MANKIND → RULER = Christ
lofða ‘of men’
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lofði (noun m.; °; -ar): man
kennings
hildings kyns lofða‘of the prince of the race of men ’
= RULER = Christ
the race of men → MANKIND
the prince of the MANKIND → RULER = Christ
kyns ‘of the race’
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1. kyn (noun n.; °-s; -): kin
kennings
hildings kyns lofða‘of the prince of the race of men ’
= RULER = Christ
the race of men → MANKIND
the prince of the MANKIND → RULER = Christ
kyns ‘of the race’
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1. kyn (noun n.; °-s; -): kin
kennings
hildings kyns lofða‘of the prince of the race of men ’
= RULER = Christ
the race of men → MANKIND
the prince of the MANKIND → RULER = Christ
meðan ‘while’
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meðan (conj.): while
lifði ‘it lived’
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lifa (verb): live
lýtum ‘for sins’
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2. lýti (noun n.; °-s; -): fault, sin
notes
[4] kend ‘known’: B is badly worn, and it is not possible to identify the traces of possibly two letters which remain. 399a-bˣ read ‘k…nd’ with certainty, and a second hand (identified by Sveinbjörn Egilsson 1844, 25 n. 48, as that of Jón Sigurðsson) supplied ‘kend’. This reconstruction is confirmed by the aðalhending with hendi, and has been adopted by all subsequent eds.
fyr ‘’
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fyr (prep.): for, over, because of, etc.
hendi ‘faces’
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hǫnd (noun f.; °handar, dat. hendi; hendr (hendir StatPáll³ 752¹²)): hand
rasar ‘rushes’
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rasa (verb): rush, stumble
aum ‘wretched’
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aumr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): wretched, poor
í ‘into’
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í (prep.): in, into
aumar ‘wretched’
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aumr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): wretched, poor
ó ‘un’
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ó- ((prefix)): un- < óvísligr (adj.)
notes
[6] óvísligar (f. acc. pl.) ‘uncertain’: So B, 399a-bˣ, Kempff and Rydberg; Skj A reads æ vísligar, which is followed by Skj B, Kock, Jón Helgason (1935-6, 252) and Black, the first word being understood as the adv. æ ‘always’. Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) construes sú rasar æ aum í aumar vísligar píslir, which he translates de styrter altid elendige i elendige visse pinsler ‘they rush always miserable into miserable certain torments’. Kock (NN §2805) takes the æ ‘always’ as modifying vísligar píslir, understood in apposition to aumar ‘wretched’.
vísligar ‘certain’
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vísligr (adj.): [certain] < óvísligr (adj.)
notes
[6] óvísligar (f. acc. pl.) ‘uncertain’: So B, 399a-bˣ, Kempff and Rydberg; Skj A reads æ vísligar, which is followed by Skj B, Kock, Jón Helgason (1935-6, 252) and Black, the first word being understood as the adv. æ ‘always’. Finnur Jónsson (Skj B) construes sú rasar æ aum í aumar vísligar píslir, which he translates de styrter altid elendige i elendige visse pinsler ‘they rush always miserable into miserable certain torments’. Kock (NN §2805) takes the æ ‘always’ as modifying vísligar píslir, understood in apposition to aumar ‘wretched’.
píslir ‘tortures’
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písl (noun f.; °-ar; -ir/-ar(Maurit 650²²)): torture
ey ‘perpetually’
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4. ey (adv.): always
grœtir ‘grieves’
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grœta (verb): weep
þar ‘there’
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þar (adv.): there
ýta ‘people’
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ýtr (noun m.): man; launcher
uggr ‘fear’
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uggr (noun m.; °dat. -): fear
en ‘and’
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2. en (conj.): but, and
vætki ‘nothing’
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vættki (noun n.; °vettugis/vettergis, dat. vettugi): nothing
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