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Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages

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Gamlkan Has 2^VII

Katrina Attwood (ed.) 2007, ‘Gamli kanóki, Harmsól 2’ in Margaret Clunies Ross (ed.), Poetry on Christian Subjects. Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages 7. Turnhout: Brepols, pp. 74-5.

Gamli kanóki Harmsól

Engi ‘No’

(not checked:)
2. engi (pron.): no, none

Engr ‘No’

(not checked:)
2. engi (pron.): no, none

[1] Engr: ‘Eíngí’ B

kennings

Engr sløngvir elda Mistar
‘No slinger of the fires of Mist ’
= WARRIOR
the fires of Mist → SWORDS
No slinger of SWORDS → WARRIOR

má ‘can’

(not checked:)
mega (verb): may, might

elda ‘of the fires’

(not checked:)
eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire

kennings

Engr sløngvir elda Mistar
‘No slinger of the fires of Mist ’
= WARRIOR
the fires of Mist → SWORDS
No slinger of SWORDS → WARRIOR

notes

[1-2] sløngvir elda Mistar ‘slinger of the fires of Mist [SWORDS > WARRIOR]’: Mist is named as a valkyrie in Grí 36/1, and her name is often used as a battle-heiti in man-kennings such as runnr Mistar ‘bush of Mist’ (Anon Nkt 69/4^II). Viðir linns Mistar ‘trees of the snake of Mist’ in 5/2-3 recalls both this kenning and the rekit man-kenning in the second helmingr.

elda ‘of the fires’

(not checked:)
eldr (noun m.; °-s, dat. -i/-(HómÍsl¹(1993) 24v²⁴); -ar): fire

kennings

Engr sløngvir elda Mistar
‘No slinger of the fires of Mist ’
= WARRIOR
the fires of Mist → SWORDS
No slinger of SWORDS → WARRIOR

notes

[1-2] sløngvir elda Mistar ‘slinger of the fires of Mist [SWORDS > WARRIOR]’: Mist is named as a valkyrie in Grí 36/1, and her name is often used as a battle-heiti in man-kennings such as runnr Mistar ‘bush of Mist’ (Anon Nkt 69/4^II). Viðir linns Mistar ‘trees of the snake of Mist’ in 5/2-3 recalls both this kenning and the rekit man-kenning in the second helmingr.

sløngvir ‘slinger’

(not checked:)
sløngvir (noun m.): slinger

kennings

Engr sløngvir elda Mistar
‘No slinger of the fires of Mist ’
= WARRIOR
the fires of Mist → SWORDS
No slinger of SWORDS → WARRIOR

notes

[1-2] sløngvir elda Mistar ‘slinger of the fires of Mist [SWORDS > WARRIOR]’: Mist is named as a valkyrie in Grí 36/1, and her name is often used as a battle-heiti in man-kennings such as runnr Mistar ‘bush of Mist’ (Anon Nkt 69/4^II). Viðir linns Mistar ‘trees of the snake of Mist’ in 5/2-3 recalls both this kenning and the rekit man-kenning in the second helmingr.

allvíst ‘altogether true’

(not checked:)
allvíss (adj.): [altogether true]

es ‘is’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

þat ‘that’

(not checked:)
1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

Mistar ‘of Mist’

(not checked:)
Mist (noun f.): Mist

kennings

Engr sløngvir elda Mistar
‘No slinger of the fires of Mist ’
= WARRIOR
the fires of Mist → SWORDS
No slinger of SWORDS → WARRIOR

notes

[1-2] sløngvir elda Mistar ‘slinger of the fires of Mist [SWORDS > WARRIOR]’: Mist is named as a valkyrie in Grí 36/1, and her name is often used as a battle-heiti in man-kennings such as runnr Mistar ‘bush of Mist’ (Anon Nkt 69/4^II). Viðir linns Mistar ‘trees of the snake of Mist’ in 5/2-3 recalls both this kenning and the rekit man-kenning in the second helmingr.

Mistar ‘of Mist’

(not checked:)
Mist (noun f.): Mist

kennings

Engr sløngvir elda Mistar
‘No slinger of the fires of Mist ’
= WARRIOR
the fires of Mist → SWORDS
No slinger of SWORDS → WARRIOR

notes

[1-2] sløngvir elda Mistar ‘slinger of the fires of Mist [SWORDS > WARRIOR]’: Mist is named as a valkyrie in Grí 36/1, and her name is often used as a battle-heiti in man-kennings such as runnr Mistar ‘bush of Mist’ (Anon Nkt 69/4^II). Viðir linns Mistar ‘trees of the snake of Mist’ in 5/2-3 recalls both this kenning and the rekit man-kenning in the second helmingr.

maklig ‘fitting’

(not checked:)
makligr (adj.): deserving

orð ‘words’

(not checked:)
orð (noun n.; °-s; -): word

til ‘in’

(not checked:)
til (prep.): to

mærðar ‘praise’

(not checked:)
mærð (noun f.): praise

minn ‘my’

(not checked:)
minn (pron.; °f. mín, n. mitt): my

dróttinn ‘Lord’

(not checked:)
dróttinn (noun m.; °dróttins, dat. dróttni (drottini [$1049$]); dróttnar): lord, master

[4] dróttinn: ‘[...]’ B, ‘ḍṛọṭṭịṇṇ’ 399a‑bˣ, ‘d[...]’ BRydberg

notes

[4] dróttinn ‘Lord’: No traces of this word are visible in B. 399a-bˣ reads dróttinn, but indicates uncertainty. All other eds adopt this reading.

þér ‘of you’

(not checked:)
þú (pron.; °gen. þín, dat. þér, acc. þik): you

finna ‘find’

(not checked:)
2. finna (verb): find, meet

þar ‘’

(not checked:)
þar (adv.): there

s ‘because’

(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when

él ‘of the storm’

(not checked:)
él (noun n.; °; dat. -um): storm < élhǫll (noun f.)

kennings

skýrr konungr élhallar,
‘pure king of the storm-hall, ’
= God
the storm-hall, → SKY/HEAVEN
pure king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

él ‘of the storm’

(not checked:)
él (noun n.; °; dat. -um): storm < élhǫll (noun f.)

kennings

skýrr konungr élhallar,
‘pure king of the storm-hall, ’
= God
the storm-hall, → SKY/HEAVEN
pure king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

hallar ‘hall’

(not checked:)
1. hǫll (noun f.; °hallar, dat. -u/-; hallir): hall < élhǫll (noun f.)

kennings

skýrr konungr élhallar,
‘pure king of the storm-hall, ’
= God
the storm-hall, → SKY/HEAVEN
pure king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

hallar ‘hall’

(not checked:)
1. hǫll (noun f.; °hallar, dat. -u/-; hallir): hall < élhǫll (noun f.)

kennings

skýrr konungr élhallar,
‘pure king of the storm-hall, ’
= God
the storm-hall, → SKY/HEAVEN
pure king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

ǫllu ‘than all’

(not checked:)
allr (adj.): all

est ‘you are’

(not checked:)
2. vera (verb): be, is, was, were, are, am

notes

[6] est ‘you are’: Kock (NN §2070D) points out that it is the verb, rather than, as is more usual, a noun, which carries the alliteration and stress here (see also Black 1971, 139).

skýrr ‘pure’

(not checked:)
skýrr (adj.): clear

kennings

skýrr konungr élhallar,
‘pure king of the storm-hall, ’
= God
the storm-hall, → SKY/HEAVEN
pure king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

konungr ‘king’

(not checked:)
konungr (noun m.; °dat. -i, -s; -ar): king

kennings

skýrr konungr élhallar,
‘pure king of the storm-hall, ’
= God
the storm-hall, → SKY/HEAVEN
pure king of the SKY/HEAVEN → God

dýrri ‘more precious’

(not checked:)
dýrr (adj.; °compar. -ri/-ari, superl. -str/-astr): precious

rómu ‘of battle’

(not checked:)
róma (noun f.): battle

kennings

runnar rammglyggs linns rómu
‘bushes of the strong storm of the snake of battle ’
= WARRIORS
the snake of battle → SWORD
the strong storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
bushes of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

rómu ‘of battle’

(not checked:)
róma (noun f.): battle

kennings

runnar rammglyggs linns rómu
‘bushes of the strong storm of the snake of battle ’
= WARRIORS
the snake of battle → SWORD
the strong storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
bushes of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

rómu ‘of battle’

(not checked:)
róma (noun f.): battle

kennings

runnar rammglyggs linns rómu
‘bushes of the strong storm of the snake of battle ’
= WARRIORS
the snake of battle → SWORD
the strong storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
bushes of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

linns ‘of the snake’

(not checked:)
linnr (noun m.): snake

kennings

runnar rammglyggs linns rómu
‘bushes of the strong storm of the snake of battle ’
= WARRIORS
the snake of battle → SWORD
the strong storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
bushes of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

linns ‘of the snake’

(not checked:)
linnr (noun m.): snake

kennings

runnar rammglyggs linns rómu
‘bushes of the strong storm of the snake of battle ’
= WARRIORS
the snake of battle → SWORD
the strong storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
bushes of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

linns ‘of the snake’

(not checked:)
linnr (noun m.): snake

kennings

runnar rammglyggs linns rómu
‘bushes of the strong storm of the snake of battle ’
= WARRIORS
the snake of battle → SWORD
the strong storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
bushes of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

því ‘that’

(not checked:)
1. sá (pron.; °gen. þess, dat. þeim, acc. þann; f. sú, gen. þeirrar, acc. þá; n. þat, dat. því; pl. m. þeir, f. þǽ---): that (one), those

s ‘which’

(not checked:)
2. er (conj.): who, which, when

runnar ‘bushes’

(not checked:)
runnr (noun m.; °dat. -i/-; -ar): bush, tree

kennings

runnar rammglyggs linns rómu
‘bushes of the strong storm of the snake of battle ’
= WARRIORS
the snake of battle → SWORD
the strong storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
bushes of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

ramm ‘of the strong’

(not checked:)
rammr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): mighty < rammglygg (noun n.)

kennings

runnar rammglyggs linns rómu
‘bushes of the strong storm of the snake of battle ’
= WARRIORS
the snake of battle → SWORD
the strong storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
bushes of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

ramm ‘of the strong’

(not checked:)
rammr (adj.; °compar. -ari, superl. -astr): mighty < rammglygg (noun n.)

kennings

runnar rammglyggs linns rómu
‘bushes of the strong storm of the snake of battle ’
= WARRIORS
the snake of battle → SWORD
the strong storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
bushes of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

glyggs ‘storm’

(not checked:)
glygg (noun n.; °-s; -): storm < rammglygg (noun n.)

kennings

runnar rammglyggs linns rómu
‘bushes of the strong storm of the snake of battle ’
= WARRIORS
the snake of battle → SWORD
the strong storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
bushes of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

glyggs ‘storm’

(not checked:)
glygg (noun n.; °-s; -): storm < rammglygg (noun n.)

kennings

runnar rammglyggs linns rómu
‘bushes of the strong storm of the snake of battle ’
= WARRIORS
the snake of battle → SWORD
the strong storm of the SWORD → BATTLE
bushes of the BATTLE → WARRIORS

megi ‘may’

(not checked:)
mega (verb): may, might

of ‘’

(not checked:)
4. of (particle): (before verb)

hyggja ‘imagine’

(not checked:)
2. hyggja (verb): think, consider

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